State the principle of solar cell. What is necessity of series and parallel connection of solar cells.

1 Answer

Answer :

Principle of solar cell:- 

Working:- Solar cell operates on principle of Photo-voltaic effect Solar cell works in following steps: 

The solar cell is composed of a P-type semiconductor and an N-type semiconductor. 

When sun light (photon) is absorbed by the semiconductor material the cell produces two types, - A negatively charged electron and 

Positively charged holes are created due to photovoltaic effect. 

Negatively charged (-) electrons gather around the N-type semiconductor while 

Positively charged (+) electrons gather around the P-type semiconductor. 

When you connect loads such as a light bulb, electric current flows between the two electrodes 

Necessity of series and parallel connection of solar cells:- 

Numbers of solar cells are connected in series to increase voltage rating. 

Numbers of solar cells are connected in parallel for getting higher current rating. So to obtain required rating of solar panel of Voltage & Current rating it is necessity of connecting series and parallel connection of solar cells.

Related questions

Description : State necessity of series connection and parallel connection of batteries.

Last Answer : Necessity of series connection of batteries: 1. The batteries are available with some specific terminal voltages. e. g. 6V, 12V, 24V, 48V etc. 2. If we want to have some terminal voltage other than ... batteries of capacities I1, I2, I3, I4 . are connected in parallel, all having identical emfs.

Description : Photocell and solar cell difference?

Last Answer : A photo cell is a light dependent resistor which decreases it resistance high intensity of light and is used to automatically control lights etc where as a solar cell solar or light energy into electrical energy.

Description : Explain the characteristics of solar cell.  

Last Answer : Characteristics of solar cell : Explanation :- Solar cells produce direct current ( DC ) electricity and current times voltage equals power, so we can create solar cell I-V curves representing ... system so that it can operate as close to its optimal peak power point (MPP) as possible.

Description : what is equivalent resistance when four 4 Ohm resistors are connected in i) series ii) parallel

Last Answer : equivalent resistance

Description : Series and parallel capacitor problem

Last Answer : Series and parallel capacitor problem 1 : https://youtu.be/MSl5mRwtjAE Series and parallel capacitor problem 2 : https://youtu.be/yGwbpyEtIyw Series and parallel capacitor problem 3 : https:// ... https://youtu.be/_7KwEwWqiNU Series and parallel capacitor problem 10 : https://youtu.be/et8MCWV_OyE

Description : The series and parallel resonance on L-C circuit differs in that?

Last Answer : The series and parallel resonance on L-C circuit differs in that series resistance needs a low-resistance source for sharp rise in current.

Description : Explain with neat diagram series and parallel magnetic circuits. 

Last Answer : Series magnetic circuit: When different magnetic materials having different lengths, cross sectional areas and permeability are connected one after another, in which same flux is established in different sections, then it is called series ... flux, Φ = Φ1 + Φ2  Path 1: BAFE  Path 2: BACD

Description : Series parallel resistances problem solution

Last Answer : Series parallel resistances problem solution

Description : Explain the series and parallel operation of MOSFET. Which is suitable and why?

Last Answer : Series operation of MOSFET: To increase voltage handling capability MOSFETs are connected in series. When the MOSFETs are connected in series each MOSFET should turn on and turn off ... on and turn off time and transconductance. Each MOSFET should share current equally.  

Description : Explain MCB and ELCB with connection diagram supplying single phase load. 

Last Answer : OR OR Explanation: * MCB provides short circuit protection. * MCB provides overload protection * ELCB provides earth fault protection. * MCB is in series with ... occurs, the ELCB cuts off the power within the time of 0.1 sec. automatically to protect the personnel. 

Description : Which of the following connection of transformers will give highest value of secondary voltage ? (A) Delta primary delta secondary (B) Delta primary star secondary (C) Star primary star secondary (D) Star primary delta secondary

Last Answer : Which of the following connection of transformers will give highest value of secondary voltage ? (A) Delta primary delta secondary (B) Delta primary star secondary (C) Star primary star secondary (D) Star primary delta secondary

Description : Which of the following 3-phase connection of a transformer causes interference with the neighbouring communication lines:  (A) Delta-Star (B) Star-Delta (C) Delta-Delta (D) Star-Star

Last Answer : Which of the following 3-phase connection of a transformer causes interference with the neighbouring communication lines: Star-Star

Description : State the types of solar collector and explain any one. 

Last Answer : Types of solar collector:  1. Flat Plate type collectors :- a) Flat plate collectors (FPC) b). Evacuated Tubular collector (ETC)  2. Concentrating type collectors (focusing ... to north direction because there is more solar energy in this direction than the East-West arrangement.  

Description : State functions of ; i) Cable box ii) Guard wire iii) Shackle insulator iv) Stay wire used in service connection

Last Answer : i) Function of Cable box: To hold and inspect incoming and outgoing terminals  ii) Function of Guard wire : A grounded conductor placed beneath an overhead transmission line in order to ground ... in service connection: To give mechanical Support to pole, line and prevent leakage current if any

Description : Define service connection and state types connection and state types of overhead service connection

Last Answer : Service Connection:- It is the input conductor or wire which is carried out from supply company (authorities) pole to consumers' main board or premises. Types of overhead service ...  1. Overhead service connection with Bare conductor 2. Overhead service connection with weather proof cable  

Description : Why solar system is preferred now a days ? Justify your answer. 

Last Answer : Since availability of fossil fuels like coal are limited in future so there is more importance of solar power in the energy deficient because of following advantages of solar power Fuel is ... .  10. solar system technology are ideally suited to distributed applications ( Decentralized system)

Description : Classify the solar collectors and compare them. 

Last Answer : Classification of solar collectors :-  1. There are two main types of Flat Plate type collectors :- a) Flat plate collectors (FPC) b). Evacuated Tubular collector (ETC)  2. Concentrating ... directly from water Can be used to generate electricity with the help of steam turbine

Description : Explain the importance of solar power in the energy deficient India.

Last Answer : Mainly electricity generated in India is from -  Hydro power plant  Thermal power plant  Nuclear power plant  BUT,  To construct new Hydro power plant following are problem :- 1. There is ... start) 10. It saves the fossil fuel (coal, diesel, oil etc.) which are limited available.

Description : Define : i) Diffuse radiation ii) Beam radiation ii) Insolation iv) Solar constant

Last Answer : i) Diffuse radiation: It is the solar radiation which is scattered by the particles in earth's atmosphere and this radiation does not have any unique direction.  ii) Beam radiation: Solar radiation ... from the sun.  OR  It is the average radiation received outside the earth's atmosphere

Description : Explain with schematic diagram direct distribution of solar energy.

Last Answer : Explain with schematic diagram direct distribution of solar energy: Solar energy reaching earth's surface consists of two components: i) Direct solar energy, ii) Diffused solar energy. Direct solar energy ... radiation. It is very intense radiation and it can produce sun burns and shadows.

Description : Define the term solar constant.

Last Answer : Solar energy arrived atmosphere at a constant rate of 1350W/M²

Description : A solar pond is a combination of :  (A) Solar energy storage and heat collection  (B) Solar energy collection and heat storage  (C) Solar energy collection and energy storage  (D) All the above

Last Answer : A solar pond is a combination of : Solar energy collection and heat storage

Last Answer : Igbt alone cant convert dc to ac. igbt half bridge or full bridge or three phase topology could be used to convert dc to ac. also igbt gates should be driven by microcontroller or pwm/spwm gate driving signals ... e4(-) and g4 c2e1 and c4e3 pins are AC output pins. its name is igbt inverter.

Description : UPS- How to give Connection?

Last Answer : Ans. Means Uninterrupted power supply. To give UPS connection, first normal supply is kept off. Then, loads of essential and non essential are to be segregated. Essential loads are to be brought under single point of control. Then, UPS can be connected.

Description : Explain with the neat circuit diagram only the scott connection scheme for conversion of three phase supply to two phase supply. Name one application of the same.

Last Answer : Three-phase to Two-phase Transformation (Scott Connection of Transformers): Working: i) Scott connection can be used for three-phase to two-phase conversion using two single-phase transformers ... a 3-phase system with a two-phase system with the flow of power in either direction. 

Description : Why underground service connections are service connections are costly than overhead service connection

Last Answer : Reason: Underground service connection is given by underground cable. This cable is costly than bare conductor. Sometimes cable trench is required for cable laying, which requires additional cost. So underground service connections are costly than overhead service connection.

Description : Compare star and Delta Connection.

Last Answer : Compare Star and Delta connected system:  Star connected system Delta connected system   In STAR connection, the starting or finishing ends (Similar ends) of three coils are connected together to form the ... VPH Line Current is √3 times of Phase Current. i.e. IL = √3 IPH

Description : Write the relation between phase and line current, phase and line voltage for Star connection.

Last Answer : Line voltage is equal to root three times of phase voltage and line and phase currents are equal in star connection

Description : What is difference between Star and Delta Connection?

Last Answer : Star is        1. Open ckt       2. At center point present  neutral   Delta is     1.   Closed ckt 2.      Neutral not present in this case 

Description : What is a three phase connection?

Last Answer : RYB, 440 volt/phase

Description : Explain with neat diagram the working of photo-voltaic cell. 

Last Answer : Diagram the working of photo-voltaic cell: Working:- Solar cell operates on principle of Photo-voltaic effect    Solar cell works in following steps: The solar cell is composed ... . When you connect loads such as a light bulb, electric current flows between the two electrodes.  

Description : In fuel cell the __________ energy is converted into electrical energy.  (A) Mechanical (B) Chemical (C) Heat (D) Sound

Last Answer : In fuel cell the Chemical energy is converted into electrical energy. 

Description : Do cell phones use AC or DC current?

Last Answer : DC of course.

Description : How to Make a Solar Oven

Last Answer : Conventional ovens, although reliable, are expensive and contribute heavily to your electric bill. Gas ranges, on the other hand, are slightly more convenient, although the price of gas has increased through the ... , with a solar oven, you're just a ray of sunshine away from another luscious meal.

Description : How does Solar Energy Work?

Last Answer : How does Solar Energy Work? The world is facing an energy crisis. Energy resources such as oil and coal not only continue to cost more, but when burned contribute to polluting the ... energy will be a viable economic alternative to fossil fuels for producing energy for homes and businesses.

Description : How to Build a Solar Oven

Last Answer : How to Build a Solar Oven Introduction What often comes to mind when you think of solar power? You may think of massive arrays of solar panels that are used to harness the energy from the sun. You could ... can use a stick, a rock or some other object to prop open the lid to the proper position.

Description : How to Build a Solar Furnace

Last Answer : How to Build a Solar Furnace How to Build a Solar Furnace Solar furnaces are actually made up of something known as silicon, the same substance that makes silica or sand. The funny part is that ... not rust like iron. So the entire structure of the furnace is built to last for several years.

Description : How Do Solar Yard Lights Work?

Last Answer : How Do Solar Yard Lights Work? Solar yard lights have become extremely popular over the last several years as more and more people switch from traditional yard lighting to solar. While traditional yard ... local and state governments who now use this technology for street and park lighting as well.

Description : SOLAR SYSTEM FACTS

Last Answer : There are tons of asteroids in our solar system. One of them, Asteroid 243 Ida, even has it's own moon. One of the moons of Saturn, called Mimas, is heavily cratered. This creates an odd appearance ... our solar system, the sun still accounts for 99.8 percent of the total mass of our solar system.

Description : With a neat diagram explain solar photovoltaic power plant. 

Last Answer : Diagram of solar photovoltaic power plant :  Explanation:  Solar power plant consists of following components:  1. Photovoltaic cell panel: Its function is to convert sunrays directly into DC ... .  5. Step-up transformer: It step-up input voltage to utilization voltage e.g. 230V

Last Answer : Diagram explain solar power tower : All concentrating solar thermal power (STP) basic elements: Concentrator Receiver Transport-storage (a portion of the thermal energy ... with alternator which converts mechanical power to electrical energy Exhaust steam is condensate in condenser

Last Answer : Because of following advantages concentrating type collector are used in solar power plant: -  1. Temperature: Temperature obtained is high because absorber area is less and collector/reflector area ... results: As tracking system is used better results are obtain than flat type collector.

Description : Reflector mirrors employed for exploiting solar energy are called the  (1) Mantle (2) Heliostats (3) Diffusers (4) Ponds

Last Answer : Reflector mirrors employed for exploiting solar energy are called the Heliostats

Description : What are the advantages and disadvantages of solar energy?

Last Answer : Free of costRenewable energyInextable solar energyLow energy densityHigh capital costMaintenance cost highDepends on weatherNeed to direction tracking

Description : What are the disadvantages of using solar energy?

Last Answer : High installation costEnergy density is depend on weatherSo it is low Not suitable in all areasMaintenance cost high

Description : Parallel rc circuit

Last Answer : Parallel rc circuit

Description : Parallel circuit rules

Last Answer : Parallel circuit rules

Description : Parallel Reactance and Resistance Example 1

Last Answer : Parallel Reactance and Resistance Example 1

Description : XL and XC in parallel

Last Answer : https://youtu.be/fCN95EiEWDI

Description : Consider a circuit with three parallel branches connected across a DC supply. What is the ratio of the branch currents I1 : I2 : I3 if the branch resistances are in the ratio of 2 : 3 : 4 respectively? A) 2 : 3 : 4 B) 6 : 4 : 3 C) 4 : 3 : 2 D) None of these

Last Answer : Consider a circuit with three parallel branches connected across a DC supply. What is the ratio of the branch currents I1 : I2 : I3 if the branch resistances are in the ratio of 2 : 3 : 4 respectively? A) 2 : 3 : 4 B) 6 : 4 : 3 C) 4 : 3 : 2 D) None of these