Explain energy conservation method in lighting system by using installation of separate transformer / servo stabilizer.

1 Answer

Answer :

Energy conservation techniques by installation of separate transformer / servo stabilizer: The luminous efficiency of lamps depends upon the voltage applied across the terminals. It gives its best output at rated voltage. Small reduction in applied voltage greatly reduces its luminous output. Therefore, it is necessary that the voltage applied across them is properly maintained constant. This can be achieved by installing a transformer substitution near the load so that variation in voltage will be negligible. However, to such sub-station, different categories of loads are connected, which may act in such a way that there may be sudden voltage drop. When such loads are made off, it may result in sudden rise of voltage, which certainly affects the luminous efficiency of the lamps. To obtain constant luminous output in particular installation it is necessary to stabilize the voltage. Hence for such purposes, servo stabilizers are connected in the system of such premises, which will maintain the voltage constant in that installation for giving best luminous efficiency of lamps.

Related questions

Description : Describe the following energy conservation methods of lighting system. i) By replacing lamp sources ii) Using light control gears.

Last Answer : Energy conservation methods of lighting system:  i) By replacing lamp sources:  Installation of energy efficient fluorescent lamps in place of Conventional fluorescent lamps. Installation of ... (HF) electronic ballasts in place of conventional ballasts which saves energy up to 35%.

Description : State the need of energy conservation in transformer. 

Last Answer : Need of energy conservation in transformer: In electrical power system, transformers are used to change the voltage levels of different sections as per the need of economic and efficient operation of ... for some other good reason. Therefore, there is need of energy conservation in transformer.

Description : Explain following techniques related to energy conservation in transmission and distribution system. (i) By balancing phase currents (ii) Variable technical losses (I2R losses).

Last Answer : (i) Balancing Phase currents: Proper (healthy balanced) three phase loads always draw equal currents in all lines but single phase loads in the 3 phase 4 wire system or loads connected between two ... . 11) Minimize I2R losses. 12) Balance the load currents. 13) Regulate the system voltages.

Description : Explain the need of energy conservation in present scenario.

Last Answer : Need of energy conservation in present scenario: 1. Fossil fuels like coal, oil which have taken no. of years to form and now they are on the verge of depleting soon. 2. In last ... protection and integrated economic and social development. 9. Energy saved is as good as energy generated. 

Description : Explain the “mitigation of power theft” and “faulty meter replacement” for energy conservation techniques to reduce commercial losses. 

Last Answer : Energy conservation techniques to reduce commercial losses:  1. Mitigation of Power Theft: Power theft being the most important issue which all of the service providing utilities ... agricultural sector. Prepaid meters may prove effective measures against unauthorized abstraction of energy. 

Last Answer : Energy conservation technique in induction motor by minimizing idle and redundant running of motor: 1) Loss of energy as the no load power drawn is approximately about 12% to 16% of rated ... to unnecessary line losses. 4) Reduction in overall system energy efficiency over period of time.

Description : Explain any two energy conservation techniques in fan.

Last Answer : Following are energy conservation techniques in Fans : 1) Use the electronic regulators instead of conventional regulator: Function of regulator is to control the speed of the fan. The conventional regulators ... 't forget to properly maintain your electric fan and keep it in good working order. 

Description : Explain energy conservation technique “by improving power quality” for induction motor.

Last Answer : Energy conservation method in induction motor by improving power quality: Electrical energy can be conserved by improving the power quality. It can be achieved by avoiding voltage unbalance, maintaining ... losses can be minimized by using harmonic filter thus reducing the harmonics in the system.

Description : State the difference between energy conservation and energy audit. 

Last Answer : energy conservation Energy audit It is reducing the growth of energy consumption by avoiding unnecessary usage of energy It is an inspection, survey & analysis of energy flows ... Various measuring instruments, with proper sensing elements are required for the energy audit. 

Description : List the energy conservation technique in induction motor. 

Last Answer : Following are the list of energy conservation techniques in electrical motors: 1) Reduction in iron losses by using low loss silicon steel core material laminated to thinner dimension. 2) Using bigger length ... at light load. 13) By rewinding in induction motor 14) By motor survey

Description : Define Energy conservation. 

Last Answer : Energy conservation:  Reduction in the amount of energy consumed in a process or system, or by an organization or society, through economy, elimination of waste, and rational use is referred ... electrical power and to increase the efficiency of every machine and material by minimizing the losses.

Description : Discuss how power factor tariff results into energy conservation.

Last Answer : Power factor tariff results into energy conservation: i) Applying incentives and penalties according to power factor is an effective way, which enables consumer to improve power factor so that he can ... finally leads to reduction in the current drawn by the load and helps for energy conservation.

Description : What is Time of Day tariff? How it help in energy conservation?

Last Answer : Time-off-day tariff:- In addition to basic tariff (Maximum Demand Tariff / KVA Maximum Demand Tariff / Load factor tariff /also the tariff in which P.F. of industrial consumer is taken ... the rated load for longer times of the day their overall efficiency gets higher helping to conserve energy.

Description : State the need of energy conservation in electrical motor.

Last Answer : Need of energy conservation in Electrical motors: 1. Induction motors are used as electrical drives in industrial, commercial and residential sectors. 2. Considering all industrial applications, 70% of ... system. 8. To adopt advanced technology in design and to use better quality materials.

Description : Describe the following energy conservation methods of electrical motor. i) By motor survey ii) By matching loads with motor rating

Last Answer : Energy conservation methods of electrical motor:  1) By Motor Survey: Large industries have a massive population of LT motors. Load survey of LT motors can be taken-up methodically to ... -speed motors, eddy-current couplings, fluid couplings, and solid-state electronic variable speed drives.

Description : Explain about Electric Energy Conservation? How Energy conservation can be done in Lighting?

Last Answer : Ans: Today in India, the per capita availability of energy is much less than the energy in developed countries. The demand for energy is always out placing availability, the shortfall being ... In streets of rural areas and side streets, street lighting luminaires with fluorescent lamps are used.

Description : What do you mean by energy conservation? why it is required and how it can be done?

Last Answer : Ans Energy conservation means saving of Electricity without fore going its utility. Conservation is required in present scenario of growing demand of power, depleting of natural resources and increase of and lack of ... pumps. i. Use of APFC panels j. Use of copper wiring inplace of Aluminum wiring.

Description : State the Principle of energy conservation.

Last Answer : Principle of energy conservation: The law of conservation of energy states that the total energy of an isolated system remains constant-it is said to be conserved over time. Energy can neither be ... due to burning of fuels, greenhouse gases and avoid harmful effects on all livings on earth. 

Description : With neat diagram explain calibration of energy meter by direct loading method.

Last Answer : Calibration of Energy Meter by Direct Loading Method:  There are three methods for testing/calibration:  1. Long period dial test  2. Using rotary sub- standard meter  3. Using precision grade instruments  All ... of substandard meter in kWh  Then % error = [(D - DS)/DS] x 100

Description : List any four errors in induction type energy meter. Give method of compensation for each.

Last Answer : Errors in Induction Type Energy Meter with their Compensation:  1) Error due to friction: This error can be compensated by the additional shading band provided on the shunt electromagnet.  2) Phase ... error: This error can be compensated by providing a flux diverter' to the current magnet. 

Description : Draw and explain bulk correction method for power factor & control.

Last Answer : Bulk correction method for power factor & control: i) Here individual starter controls the capacitors located at distribution panel. ii) Centralized compensation is employed in large industrial plants where many ... capacitor units in steps to maintain P.F. more than preset limit (0.95). 

Description : A parallel RLC circuit has the node equation Determine v(t) using the phasor method.

Last Answer : A parallel RLC circuit has the node equation Determine v(t) using the phasor method.

Description : Explain the thermal triggering method of SCR. Enlist different triggering methods of SCR.

Last Answer : Types of Triggering: 1) Forward voltage triggering 2) Thermal triggering (Temperature triggering) 3) Radiation triggering (Light triggering) 4) dv/dt triggering 5) Gate triggering ... generated leakage current increases. This current gets multiplied internally and thyristor is turned on. 

Description : Explain V- I method of measurement of medium resistance. 

Last Answer : In this method, use suitable source, ammeter and voltmeter and connect them as shown in the above diagram. Take reading of voltmeter and ammeter, then value of resistance = R = V/I Ω To minimise the error take 4 to 5 observation for the same resistance and take their average.

Description : Explain spring control method with neat diagram.

Last Answer : Spring Control Method: As shown in the figure the inner ends of the both springs are attahced to the spindle ,while outer end of upper spring is attached to the lever and outer end of ... the springs are twisted in opposite direction to the motion of pointer and produce controlling torque.

Description : With example explain how the replacement of lamps in lighting system contributes for energy conservation?

Last Answer : Replacement of lamps in lighting system contributes for energy conservation: i. Replacing incandescent lamps by Compact Fluorescent Lamps (CFL's) ii. Replacing conventional fluorescent lamp by energy efficient fluorescent ... lights in place of all other lamps above as feasible (in terms of cost) 

Description : Explain the role of adequate maintenance of lighting system in energy conservation.

Last Answer : Role of adequate maintenance of lighting system in energy conservation: Illumination level reduces due to accumulation of dirt on lamps and luminaries. Further as the lamps get older their ... should be conducted to take advantage of energy conservation opportunities as user requirements change.

Description : How to Choose a Birth Control Method

Last Answer : How to Choose a Birth Control Method Birth control methods depend on the couple's needs and commitment to the method. Some couples just need to prevent pregnancy while others wish to avoid sexually- ... unplanned sex, a broken condom or failure to take birth control pills two days in a row.

Description : How to Use the Rhythm Method

Last Answer : How to Use the Rhythm Method The rhythm method is one of the many natural ways of birth control. This technique is based on the length of your menstrual cycle. Here are some tips you can ... their phases. There are numerous natural birth control techniques. Use the one the best suits your needs.

Description : Illustrate with neat wiring diagram a single lamp control by two point method.

Last Answer : Single lamp control by two point method:  This system is commonly used for stair case wiring. It consists of two way switches (the switch operates always in one of the two possible positions) the ... the person will change the position of switch S2, so that the lamp will be switched OFF'.

Description : Describe fire extinguishing method.

Last Answer : (i) Carbon Dioxide Extinguishing Systems  This type is the most suitable & widely recommended one for electrical fires. Carbon dioxide (CO2) extinguishers are normally Class C ... particles to expand chemically inhibiting combustion and expelling the oxygen thereby smothering the flames.

Description : Merits of two wattmeter method

Last Answer : Advantages of Two Wattmeter Method for 3-Phase Power Measurement: 1) It is used for balanced as well as unbalanced load. 2) For the star type load, it is not necessary to ... reactive volt-amperes for balanced loads also. 7) The circuit connections are independent of load connection.

Description : Write one advantage and one disadvantage each for spring control method and gravity control method.

Last Answer : Advantages of Spring Control Method: 1) The spring-controlled meters may be used in any position. 2) In some instruments, springs can be used as current leads. 3) As springs are light in weight ... only. 2) Scale is non-uniform. 3) Control weights add to the weight of instrument.

Description : State any two disadvantages of one wattmeter method of measurement of 3 phase power.

Last Answer : State any two disadvantages of one wattmeter method of measurement of 3 phase power. Disadvantages of one wattmeter method:- 1. Only used for balanced load 2. It can not be used for ... connection then neutral point must be available 4. Delta connection must be opened to connect current coil.

Description : List one advantage and one disadvantage of one wattmeter method. 

Last Answer : Advantages:  1) Only one wattmeter is used.  2) Less number of connections.  3) Cost required is less.  Disadvantages:  1) Used only for 3- Φ balanced load and not for ... be accessible for connecting the Pressure coil.  3) Delta connection must be opened to connect current coil. 

Description : The self GMD method is used to evaluate

Last Answer : The self GMD method is used to evaluate inductance and capacitance

Description : The power consumed by a balanced 3-ph load is measured by two-wattmeter method. The meter readings are 8 kW and 4 kW. The power factor of the load is (A) zero (B) 0.5 (C) between zero and 0.5 (D) between 0.5 and unity

Last Answer : The power consumed by a balanced 3-ph load is measured by two-wattmeter method. The meter readings are 8 kW and 4 kW. The power factor of the load is between 0.5 and unity

Description : Compared to Gauss-Seidel method, Newton-Raphson method takes : A. less number of iterations and more time per iteration B. less number of iterations and less time per iteration C, more number of iterations and more time per iteration D. more number of iterations and less time per iteration

Last Answer : Compared to Gauss-Seidel method, Newton-Raphson method takes : A. less number of iterations and more time per iteration B. less number of iterations and less time per iteration ... of iterations and more time per iteration D. more number of iterations and less time per iteration

Description : The bridge method commonly used for finding mutual inductance is (A) Heaviside Campbell bridge (B) Schering bridge (C) De Sauty bridge (D) Wien bridge

Last Answer : The bridge method commonly used for finding mutual inductance is Heaviside Campbell bridge

Last Answer : Plugging braking method can bring the locomotive to dead stop.

Last Answer : Plugging method of braking is generally used in elevators.

Last Answer : Regenerative method of braking is based on that back e.m.f. is equal to the applied voltage.

Last Answer : The main disadvantage of the Ward-Leonard control method is high initial cost, high maintenance cost, low efficiency at light loads.

Last Answer : For constant torque drive armature voltage control speed control method is preferred.

Last Answer : Speed control by Ward Leonard method gives uniform speed variation in both directions.

Last Answer : Annual depreciation as per straight line method, is calculated by the capital cost minus the salvage value, is divided by the number of years of life.

Description : Should one turn off the hot water heater if not using the house for a week? or just leave it on?

Last Answer : answer:I would leave the heater on but turn off the main water supply. I had a small leak in a copper pipe the was undetectible. We left for a week and when we got home the pipe had split and we had ... left on. The water won't be used so the tank will be full and the heater will seldom kick on.

Description : List out the energy conservation equipments related to • Lighting system • Induction motor

Last Answer : Energy conservation equipments related to:  1. Lighting System:  1. Luxmeter 2. Power Analyzer 3. Voltage Stabilizer 4. Electronic Ballast 5. LED Lamp 6. Control gear or Regulators 7. ... 2. Power Analyzer 3. Digital Voltmeter 4. Digital Ammeter 5. Wattmeter 6. Different types of starter

Description : Explain stepwise the “Detailed energy audit” procedure.

Last Answer : A) Start up meeting: For this programme, we proceed with this meeting. If then continue us until implementation of energy saving measures. B) Analysis of energy used: Identify where ... are considered, the analysis of energy loss and measurement of insulation level is also considered.

Description : Where does the money donated to "save the ___ animal" actually go?

Last Answer : answer:Charities (non-profits) need to file information with the IRS in order to keep their tax exemption. Among other numbers, they need to report: - program expenses (actually helping the animals) ... Here is a REAL BAD one: http://www.charitynavigator.org/index.cfm?bay=search.summary&orgid=12761