(i) Explain the process of diffusion in semiconductor material. (ii) Explain Hall effect.

(i) Explain the process of diffusion in semiconductor material. (ii) Explain Hall effect.
by

1 Answer

Answer :

(i) Diffusion: In a semi conductor bar a concentration gradient exist when either number of electrons or holes is greater in one region of a semi conductor as compared to other region.

When such concentration gradient exist, the carriers (electrons/holes) move from the region of higher concentration to lower concentration this process is called as diffusion.


image


(ii) Hall Effect: If a piece of metal or semiconductor carrying current “I” is placed in a transverse magnetic field „B‟ then an electric field „E‟ is induced in the direction perpendicular to both I and B.

Hall effect is used to determine whether a semiconductor is N type or P type, and to find carrier concentration

image

by

Related questions

What affects the rate of diffusion?

Description : What affects the rate of diffusion?

Last Answer : I haven’t worked with this in a long time but does mass affect diffusion?

fabrication of semiconductor device and describe its need.

Description : State any four materials used in fabrication of semiconductor device and describe its need.

Last Answer : For fabrication of semiconductor devices like transistors diode, solar cell etc. we have to make use of following types of materials  1. Substrate: o It is used for deposition of thin ... . o Metal cans and sealed glass containers satisfy the extreme requirements of space and military users.

State the impurities for obtaining p-type and n-type semiconductor from intrinsic semi conductor.

Description : State the impurities for obtaining p-type and n-type semiconductor from intrinsic semi conductor. 

Last Answer : Crystals of Silicon and Germanium are doped using two types of dopants:  1. The impurities for obtaining n-type semiconductor from intrinsic semiconductor are pentavalent impurity; like Arsenic (As), Antimony ... semiconductor are trivalent impurity; like Indium (In), Boron (B), Aluminum (Al), etc.

Which is a semiconductor: copper, silicon, or neon?

Description : Which is a semiconductor: copper, silicon, or neon?

Last Answer : Copper is a metal. Silicon is a semiconductor. Neon is inert gas.

Compare intrinsic and extrinsic semiconductor

Description : Compare intrinsic and extrinsic semiconductor

Last Answer : Intrinsic semiconductor Extrinsic Semiconductor Pure form of semiconductor Impure form of semiconductor No. electrons and holes are equal  No. of electrons and holes are not equal Electrical ... e.g. Ge, Si semiconductor e.g. p-type or n-type semiconductor

Why is an intrinsic semiconductor doped?

Description : Why is an intrinsic semiconductor doped?

Last Answer : Intrinsic semiconductor is doped in order to increase conductivity of semiconductor. Doping increases majority charge carries either electrons or holes and majority charge carriers responsible for electric current. 

What are the number of valence electrons of atoms in semiconductor?

Description : What are the number of valence electrons of atoms in semiconductor?

Last Answer : There are four valence electrons in the atom of a semiconductor.

what is semiconductor ?

Description : what is semiconductor ?

Last Answer : For simple understanding is that the semiconductor is a partially conductor and partially insulator which depends on the temperature of conductor.

In a single crystal of an intrinsic semiconductor, the number of free carriers at the Fermi level at room

Description : In a single crystal of an intrinsic semiconductor, the number of free carriers at the Fermi level at room temperature is: A) Half the total number of electrons in the crystal B) Zero C) Half the number of atoms in the crystal D) Half the number of free electrons in the crystal

Last Answer : In a single crystal of an intrinsic semiconductor, the number of free carriers at the Fermi level at room temperature is: Zero 

At very high temperatures, extrinsic semiconductor becomes intrinsic semiconductor because

Description : At very high temperatures, extrinsic semiconductor becomes intrinsic semiconductor because (A) Of drive in diffusion of dopants & carriers. (B) Band to band transition dominates impurity ionization. (C) ... band to band transition. (D) Band to band transition is balanced by impurity ionisation.

Last Answer : At very high temperatures, extrinsic semiconductor becomes intrinsic semiconductor because Impurity ionization dominates band to band transition.

A snubber circuit is connected to the power semiconductor device to reduce the

Description : A snubber circuit is connected to the power semiconductor device to reduce the (A) turn-on time (B) turn-off time (C) electrical stresses (D) thermal resistance

Last Answer : A snubber circuit is connected to the power semiconductor device to reduce the electrical stresses

The Semiconductor strain gauges typically have much higher gauge factors than those of metallic strain

Description : The Semiconductor strain gauges typically have much higher gauge factors than those of metallic strain gauges, primarily due to : (A) higher temperature sensitivity (B) higher Poisson’s ratio (C) higher piezoresitive coefficient (D) higher magnetostrictive coefficient

Last Answer : The Semiconductor strain gauges typically have much higher gauge factors than those of metallic strain gauges, primarily due to : higher piezoresitive coefficient

Categories of semiconductor components (Integrated circuit families)

Last Answer : Categories of semiconductor components (Integrated circuit families) Integrated circuits are made from semiconductor material These are divided into three main categories A) ... minus, true or false etc. common families include Transistor Transistor Logic (TTL), CMOS, MOSFET.

What is piezoelectric effect? Name two piezoelectric material.

Description : What is piezoelectric effect? Name two piezoelectric material.

Last Answer : piezoelectric effect: Piezoelectric effect can be stated as follows: when a pressure or force or vibration is applied to crystalline material like quartz crystal or crystalline substances, then ... crystal: Quartz crystal ,Rochelle salt 2) Synthetic crystals : Barium Titanate, Lithium sulphate

State two applications of : (i) PVC paper (ii) Porcelain with type of class based on withstand temperature is insulating material.

Description : State two applications of : (i) PVC paper (ii) Porcelain with type of class based on withstand temperature is insulating material. 

Last Answer :  (i) Application of PVC paper : 1. It is used in slot lining or motor winding insulation purpose 2. For Insulation of Transformer winding (ii) Application of Porcelain : 1. Mainly used for manufacturing ... on withstand temperature : * H' & C' Class of insulation i e. 180° and above 180°C 

Write one application for the give dielectric material. (i) Polyvinyl Carbide(PVC) (ii) Glass (iii) Mica (iv) Cotton and Silk

Description : Write one application for the give dielectric material. (i) Polyvinyl Carbide(PVC) (ii) Glass (iii) Mica (iv) Cotton and Silk

Last Answer : (i) Polyvinyl Carbide(PVC):it is used in insulation of wires and cables in domestic wiring as well as in aircraft and factory wiring (any one)  (ii) Glass: 1) Alkaline glasses are used for ... with wax or varnishes are used in windings of magnet coils and small medium sized mechanics (any one) 

Name the material used for :- (i) Moving coil (ii) Permanent magnet in PMMC instrument.

Description : Name the material used for :- (i) Moving coil (ii) Permanent magnet in PMMC instrument.

Last Answer : (i) Material used for Moving coil: Copper, Aluminum( some times)  (ii) Permanent magnets are made of special alloys such as :  Aluminum-Nickel-Cobalt (Alnicos)  Strontium-Iron  Neodymium-Iron-Boron  Samarium-Cobalt.

Explain hysteresis loss, eddy current loss and skin effect limitations with reference to magnetic material.

Description : Explain hysteresis loss, eddy current loss and skin effect limitations with reference to magnetic material.

Last Answer : Hysteresis loss: Hysteresis loss is a loss which occurs due to the friction of magnetic domain due to the change in magnetic field in ferromagnetic material like iron. Hysteresis loss causes power loss ... loss in transformer is given by, We=Kef2Kf2Bm2watts Skin effect limitations:

List four examples of insulating material and explain any two.

Description : List four examples of insulating material and explain any two.

Last Answer : Examples of insulating materials:  i) Solid: Ceramic, Porcelain, Mica, Glass, Rubber, Resinous, Fibers  ii) Liquid: Synthetic, Mineral etc.  iii) Gaseous: Hydrogen, Air, ... and low hygroscopicity.  Uses: Insulation in electric field, transformer stampings, armature, pole stampings

State gaseous and liquid insulating material.

Description : State gaseous and liquid insulating material.

Last Answer : i) Gaseous insulating material : 1. Air 2. Nitrogen 3. Hydrogen 4. SF6 ii) liquid insulating material: 1. Transformer oil 2. Capacitor oil 3. Cable oil 4. Pyranol 5. Savotal 6. Savol 7. Vegetable oil 8. Silicon liquids

State the material used for making (1) Magnetic Core (2) Fuse element

Description : State the material used for making (1) Magnetic Core (2) Fuse element  

Last Answer : The material used for making of:  (1) Magnetic Core : Iron, cobalt, Nickel, CRGO, HRGO , silicon steel  (2) Fuse Element: Tin- lead wire, Tinned copper wire 

State properties of conductor material used for overhead conductor.

Description : State properties of conductor material used for overhead conductor. 

Last Answer : Following are the properties of conductor material:-   1. High conductivity :- Material should have high conductivity 2. High mechanical strength:- Material should have sufficiently high mechanical strength ... available & less costly. 9. Scrap Value: - Material should have high scrap value. 

State the material used for moving coil and former for PMMC instruments.

Description : State the material used for moving coil and former for PMMC instruments. 

Last Answer : Material Used for Moving Coil and Former for PMMC Instruments:  Material used for moving coil: Copper  Material used for Former: Aluminium

Based on temperature withstanding ability, classify insulating material.

Description : Based on temperature withstanding ability, classify insulating material. 

Last Answer : class Temperature withstanding ability in 0C Materials Y 90 Cotton, silk paper and similar organic materials neither impregnated nor immersed in any oil, rubber, PVC. A 105 ... rubber compounds C Above 180  Mica, ceramics, glass, Teflon, quartz, etc. 

What is amorphous metal material? Give any three properties of amorphous metal.

Description : What is amorphous metal material? Give any three properties of amorphous metal.

Last Answer : Amorphous metal: The amorphous is metal alloy which differ in crystalline structure. The atoms are arranged in random configuration.  Properties of amorphous metal: 1) Thermal conductivity of ... . 6) The alloy does not undergo shrinkage on solidification, which helps in bones attachments.

What is dielectric strength of an insulating material? What is its unit?

Description : What is dielectric strength of an insulating material? What is its unit?

Last Answer : Dielectric Strength: The dielectric strength of an insulating material is the maximum voltage which the insulating medium can withstand without breakdown. Unit is volts per millimeter (V/mm), or kV/mm or kV/cm

What are insulating material?

Description : What are insulating material?

Last Answer : Insulating material: Insulating material is that which offers very high resistance to the flow of current through it.

The magnetic susceptibility of paramagnetic material is:

Description : The magnetic susceptibility of paramagnetic material is: A) Less than zero B) Less than one but positive C) Greater than one D) Equal to zero

Last Answer : The magnetic susceptibility of paramagnetic material is: Less than one but positive

The property of a material which opposes the creation of magnetic flux in it is known as?

Description : The property of a material which opposes the creation of magnetic flux in it is known as?

Last Answer : The property of a material which opposes the creation of magnetic flux in it is known as reluctance.

If the area of hysteresis loop of a material is large, the hysteresis loss in this material will be?

Description : If the area of hysteresis loop of a material is large, the hysteresis loss in this material will be?

Last Answer : If the area of hysteresis loop of a material is large, the hysteresis loss in this material will be large.

In a magnetic material hysteresis loss takes place primarily due to?

Description : In a magnetic material hysteresis loss takes place primarily due to?

Last Answer : In a magnetic material hysteresis loss takes place primarily due to it high retentivity.

A material for good magnetic memory should have?

Description : A material for good magnetic memory should have?

Last Answer : A material for good magnetic memory should have high retentivity.

The relative permeability of a ferromagnetic material is?

Description : The relative permeability of a ferromagnetic material is?

Last Answer : The relative permeability of a ferromagnetic material is more than 100 or 1000.

can induction heating is use for both magnetic and non magnetic material ?

Last Answer : Yes, Induction heating is used for both magnetic and non-magnetic materials.

evergreen decking material

Description : evergreen decking material

Last Answer : To do away from the problems associated with wood, such as high costs and decaying, alternative materials were introduced to the deck-builder market. Composite materials are the most popular among these ... driver can damage the groove edge of the board; aregular decking screw can be used instead.

boat decking material

Description : boat decking material

Last Answer : You love staying in the upper deck of your boat while going on a cruise. It serves as your shelter from rain or direct sunlight, at the same time, it treats you to a great view of vast ... When the outer shell is surfaced with a weatherproof material, metal and wood as frames are not much different.

The Guide to Decking Material

Description : The Guide to Decking Material

Last Answer : Let's face it. The worst enemy of our home's interior are our kids and pets. All that's required to maintain the inside of our home is a little dusting, vacuuming and cleaning. For the ... of them come in various solid colors, which may work to your advantage when trying to cut painting costs.

wood decking material

Description : wood decking material

Last Answer : Most builders choose wood as the main material for decks for several reasons. With proper treatment, wood is expected to last for years without needing any kind of repair. It is also ... for their expensive prices, all people should be encouraged to purchase natural wood decking materials only.

plastic decking material

Description : plastic decking material

Last Answer : Modern times call for modern solutions. If before, wood was the only material used to make decks, innovative alternatives are now available to avoid the problems associated with wood. Alternative materials ... with plastic decking materials; you don't need special tools to install them in your home.

decking material prices

Description : decking material prices

Last Answer : Adding a deck to your house provides you with a new place to lounge around and host parties and improve the look of your home. Various materials may be used to build the deck. Naturally, prices also ... tend to have a trade-off in aesthetic quality, if not on the caliber of the very structure.

composite decking material

Description : composite decking material

Last Answer : If you plan to add a new deck to your home, you're probably thinking about what material to use. Most people would look no further and will instantly get hardwood like Cedar and Redwood. ... against innovations, such a type of material is a very welcome development in the world of deck building.

best decking material

Description : best decking material

Last Answer : Today, homeowners are not only limited to choosing wood as the main material for their new deck. More modern materials such as composites and plastic are also available. The obvious question is ... decking material still depends on what you need and which among the factors above is your priority.

alternative decking material

Description : alternative decking material

Last Answer : Wood is the most popular decking material. It has the perfect fusion of beauty and firmness, so we need not ask why it is still the main choice of deck builders. Wood can also be ... your neighbors, consider using alternative decking materials, such as Veranda boards, when building your own deck.

Overalls. Which material is better?

Description : Overalls. Which material is better?

Last Answer : Material is the most important factor to look out for when choosing workwear. Usually cotton, polyester or blended fabrics are chosen for the manufacture of workwear. Each option has ... , operating conditions and personal preferences. Work clothes should provide employees with comfort and safety.

What material should children's furniture be made of?

Description : What material should children's furniture be made of?

Last Answer : The most ideal option is furniture made from natural wood. Such material is environmentally friendly, however, many varieties of valuable species are quite expensive. In view of the limited family ... your liking, because, despite its versatility and safety, it should please and bring pleasure.

Suggest the diode material suitable to rectify 0.5V AC signal.

Description : Suggest the diode material suitable to rectify 0.5V AC signal.

Last Answer : The diode material suitable to rectify 0.5V AC signal is silicon

State function of Busbar and which material is used for busbar?

Description : State function of Busbar and which material is used for busbar?

Last Answer : Function of Busbar Bus-bar: - Distribute the load on 3-phase four wire systems. To provide number of connection of incoming line and to provide easy way to connect number of sub circuit. ... to the element. This element means busbar Material is used for busbar: 1. Copper 2. Alluminium

The desirable properties of transformer core material are

Description : The desirable properties of transformer core material are  (1) low permeability and low hysteresis loss. (2) high permeability and high hysteresis loss. (3) high permeability and low hysteresis loss. (4) low permeability and hysteresis loss.

Last Answer : The desirable properties of transformer core material are high permeability and low hysteresis loss.

The material used in liquid fuses is

Description : The material used in liquid fuses is  (1) SF6 (3) carbon tetra chloride (2) distilled water (4) transformer oil

Last Answer : The material used in liquid fuses is  carbon tetra chloride

Resistance of a material always decreases if?

Description : Resistance of a material always decreases if?

Last Answer : Resistance of a material always decreases if number of free electrons available become more.