Block Diagram of op-Amp

2 Answers

Answer :

image

Block Diagram of op-Amp: 

The input stage is the dual input balanced output differential amplifier provides most of the voltage gain Intermediate stage provides additional gain Level shifter shifts the de level of the output to Zero volt with respect to ground. The output stage increases current output voltage swing and provides low output resistance.

Answer :

Block Diagram:

image

The OP-AMP is basically a different amplifier i.e. it will amplify the voltage which is differentially present between its input terminals. 

1.Input stage: The input stage is a dual-input, balanced output differential. The two inputs are inverting and non-inverting input terminals. This stage provides most of the voltage gain of the OP-AMP and decides the input resistance value R1. 

2.Intermediate stage: This is usually another differential amplifier. It is driven by the output of the input stage. This stage is a dual-input unbalanced output (single ended output) differential amplifier. 

3.Level shifting stage: Due to the direct coupling between the first two stages, the input of level shifting stage is an amplified signal with some non-zero dc level. Level shifting stage is used to bring this dc level to zero volts with respect to ground. 

4.Output stage: this stage is normally a complementary output stage. It increases the OPAMP. It also provides a low output resistance. 

Related questions

Description : Draw block diagram of PLL as a FM demodulator. Explain function of each block.

Last Answer : Operation:  The FM signal which is to be demodulated is applied at the input of the PLL.  the PLL is locked to the FM  The error voltage produced at ... using PLL ensures a high Linearity, between the instantaneous input frequency and VCO control voltage (error amplifier output)

Description : Draw the block diagram of PLC.

Last Answer : Block diagram of PLC and input/output devices used for PLC Input/output devices - The input module has bank of terminals for physically connecting input devices, like push buttons, limit switches etc. ... is to translate signals from the PLC's CPU into a form that the output device can use.

Description : Draw the block diagram of regulated power supply, explain function of each block and draw waveforms of each stage.

Last Answer : 1. A step down transformer 2. A rectifier 3. A filter 4. A regulator Operation of Regulated Power Supply:- Step Down Transformer:- A step down transformer will ... regulator. A regulator will maintain the output constant even when changes at the input or any other changes occur.

Description : Describe the concept of virtual ground with reference to op-Amp.

Last Answer : Virtual ground concept:-In circuit point A is virtual ground. Figure shows inverting amplifier using op-amp. In this circuit non-inverting terminal is connected to the actual ground. Due to ... zero potential without actually grounding is known as virtual ground concept. Circuit diagram: 

Description : What is PLL? Explain its operation with a block diagram.

Last Answer : PLL - A phase-locked loop or phase lock loop is a control system that generates an output signal whose phase is related to the phase of an input signal Block diagram  ... to the input frequency. The phase - locked loop goes through three states free running capture and phase lock.

Description : Draw the labeled block diagram of process control system and explain each block.

Last Answer : Explanation - Process control system consists of process or plant, sensor, error detector, automatic Controller, actuator or control element. 1) Process or plant- process means some manufacturing sequence ... process which changes the process variable. Output of this block is denoted by u .

Description : block diagram of logic analyzer.

Last Answer : A logic analyzer can be triggered on a complicated sequence of digital events, then capture a large amount of digital data from the system under test (SUT).When logic analysers first came ... Once the data are captured, they can be displayed several ways, from the simple) to the complex 

Description : operation of DSO with block diagram.

Last Answer : The input is amplified and attenuated with input amplifiers. The output of the input signal amplifiers feeds an analog to digital converter (ADC). There are numbers of ADC available. But the selection of ADC ... view the display on the CRT, the data from memory is reconstructed in analog form.

Description : Draw block diagram for CNC drilling machine and explain its working.

Last Answer : Block diagram consist of the following points:  Machine tool with DC servo motor as feedback element. The transducer is added as adaptive control application.  The auxiliary controller ... line.  The interrupt pulses are generated by TBG and supplied to computer through inter

Description : Draw the block diagram of satellite sub-system and explain power subsystem.

Last Answer : POWER SUBSYSTEM- This system provides the necessary DC power to the satellite. All communication satellites derive their electrical power from solar cells. There is also a battery backup facility used during ... . to d.c. converter is used to raise the level of low voltages to high voltage.

Description : Describe block diagram of digital comparator and write truth table of 2 bit comparator.

Last Answer : Digital comparator is a combinational circuit which compares two numbers, A and B; and evaluates their relative magnitudes. The outcome of the comparison is given by three binary variables which indicate whether A ... Depending on the result of comparison one of these outputs will go high.

Description : Draw the block diagram of basic wind energy conversion system and write function of each block. 

Last Answer : Block diagram of basic wind energy conversion system: OR Components of wind power plant and their functions:  1) Rotor /Blade/Aero-turbine: Blade extracts significant power from the ... stronger and smoother. Towers are supports to raise the main part of the turbine up in the air.

Description : Explain with block diagram photovoltaic power generation.

Last Answer : Photovoltaic power generation:  Photovoltaic power generating system consists of following components: 1. Photovoltaic cell panel: Its function is to convert energy content of sunrays directly into DC ... . Step-up transformer: It step-up input voltage to utilization voltage e.g. 230V.

Description : Draw a block diagram of electronic energy meter. Write function of each block.

Last Answer : Electronic Energymeter  Functions of components/blocks: - CT reduces current to reasonable value for current scaling network. - Voltage & current scaling networks reduce proportionally the voltage ... ADC converts the square wave frequency analog output to display the energy in watthour.

Description : In a 741 Op-Amp, there is 20 dB/decade fall-off starting at a relatively low frequency. This is due to the (A) applied load (B) internal compensation (C) impedance of the source (D) power dissipation in the chip

Last Answer : In a 741 Op-Amp, there is 20 dB/decade fall-off starting at a relatively low frequency. This is due to the internal compensation

Description : Basic Op Amp Circuits

Last Answer : In this chapter we will be examining some common uses of op amps. Where Chapter Three focused on the theory of negative feedback in a more abstract way, this chapter zeroes in on the practical ... on using op amps with a single polarity power supply and how to increase the available output current.

Description : Describe the working principle of Thyristor operated dimmer with the help of circuit diagram.

Last Answer : Thyristor operated dimmer: A popular thyristor operated dimmer circuit employ TRIAC-DIAC phase control for low AC power control. During each half-cycle, the capacitor charges through (R1+VR1). When the ... time constant {C (R1+VR1)}. Thus by reducing VR1 the lamp brightness can be increased.

Description : Explain the working of Neon sign tube with diagram.

Last Answer : Neon sign tube: The construction & circuit diagram for neon tube is as shown in fig. Basically neon tube is used for advertisement or decoration purpose. The maximum length of tube is ... the HT transformer must be earthed separately. * Caution notice of danger board is required.

Description : Explain the working of HPMV Lamp with neat diagram.

Last Answer : High-pressure Mercury-Vapour Lamp (HPMVL):  Working:  * Whenever 1-ph, 230V, AC Supply is provided to the discharge tube of MVL, initially the current flows from Phase to the choke to ... : The function of power factor improvement capacitor is to improve the power factor from 0.5 to 0.95.

Description : Draw neat block diagram of FM receiver and explain function of each block

Last Answer : Explanation:-  RF amplifier: There are two important functions of RF amplifier: 1) To increase the strength of weak RF signal. 2) To reject image frequency signal. In FM ... FM broadcast, the maximum modulating frequency is 15 kHz. Hence the audio amplifier must have large bandwidth.

Description : Define Multivibrator. State the types of multivibrator. Which M/V can be used as a flip-flop? Draw the circuit diagram.

Last Answer : Definition:- A multivibrator is an electronic circuit that switches rapidly by means of positive feedback between two or more states.  OR  A multivibrator is an electronic circuit used to implement a ... Bistable Multivibrator: it can operate as a flip-flop, Circuit diagram 

Description : Draw block diagram of instrumentation system. State function.

Last Answer : Primary transducer: The sensor which comes in contact with the measurement medium to sense the quantity. Variable conversion element: the transducer which converts the sensor ... transmitted through suitable transmission medium to the operator or presented with the help of indicators.

Description : Draw block diagram of CRO. Write function of each block.

Last Answer : 1. Vertical amplifier strengthens the input signal applied to vertical depleting plates 2. Trigger circuit gives input to time base circuit 3. The output of time base generator is amplified by ... of CRT internally coated with Phosphors material on which we observe waveform of the input signal.

Description : How to Install Glass Block Windows

Last Answer : How to Install Glass Block Windows In some rooms, like bathrooms and dark areas of the house, natural light looks great, so instead of regular windows, many people use glass block windows in various styles ... glass block windows.If you do it yourself using these steps, you can save a lot of money!

Description : How to Repair an Engine Block

Last Answer : How to Repair an Engine Block For a motor enthusiast, one of the worst things that can happen is a cracked or broken engine block. While a person with a new or used car only a few years ... require you to insert some type of sealant or epoxy. Not all metal stitching kits require this added feature.

Description : Which is better, brick or foam block?

Last Answer : Which is better, brick or foam block? Ideal materials for construction, or at least having an undoubted advantage over others, have not yet been invented. Both the brick and the foam ... risk of getting low-quality building material can be attributed to the general disadvantage of foam blocks.

Description : State the meaning of Single line diagram.

Last Answer : Meaning of Single line diagram: The single line diagram of a power system is the network which shows the main connections and arrangement of the system components along with their data ( ... breakers, transformers, capacitors, bus bars, and conductors are shown by standardized schematic symbols. 

Description : Draw the circuit diagram of battery charger using SCR and explain it’s working.

Last Answer : Battery charger circuit using SCR: The figure shows the battery charger circuit using SCR. A 12V discharged battery is connected in the circuit and switch SW is closed. The singlephase 230V ... not fired. In this way, after full charging, further charging is automatically stopped.

Description : Draw circuit diagram of symmetrical configuration of bridge converter.

Last Answer : circuit diagram of symmetrical configuration of bridge converter

Description : Draw circuit diagram of Class B commutation.

Last Answer : Class B: Resonant Pulse Commutation:

Description : Explain MCB and ELCB with connection diagram supplying single phase load. 

Last Answer : OR OR Explanation: * MCB provides short circuit protection. * MCB provides overload protection * ELCB provides earth fault protection. * MCB is in series with ... occurs, the ELCB cuts off the power within the time of 0.1 sec. automatically to protect the personnel. 

Description : Explain count up (CTU) instruction with timing diagram.

Last Answer : The CTU is an instruction that counts false-to-true rung transitions. Rung transitions can be caused by events occurring in the program. When rung conditions for a CTU instruction have made a false-to-true ... of Counter up(CTU) Instruction: Too many uploads - please try again in an hour

Description : Define impedance diagram and reactance diagram.

Last Answer : Impedance diagram: Impedance diagram is the simplified equivalent circuits of single line or one line diagrams of power system in which all components are represented by their equivalent circuit.  ... machines are neglected and is used only for fault current calculation is called reactance diagram.

Description : Illustrate with neat wiring diagram a single lamp control by two point method.

Last Answer : Single lamp control by two point method:  This system is commonly used for stair case wiring. It consists of two way switches (the switch operates always in one of the two possible positions) the ... the person will change the position of switch S2, so that the lamp will be switched OFF'.

Description : Describe strain gauge with labelled diagram.

Last Answer : A Strain gauge is a sensor whose resistance varies with applied force. It converts force, pressure, tension, weight, etc., into a change in electrical resistance which can then be measured. When external ... to the applied strain. So, the voltmeter can be calibrated in terms of strain or force. 

Description : Explain dynamic and static induced emf with neat diagram.

Last Answer : Dynamically Induced EMF:-  In this case, either coil moves or magnet moves, so that there is relative motion between coil & magnetic field. Thus magnetic field is cut by coil & emf is induced in it. The emf ... The expression for induced EMF is e= -L(di/dt) or = -N(dϕ/dt).

Description : Explain with neat diagram series and parallel magnetic circuits. 

Last Answer : Series magnetic circuit: When different magnetic materials having different lengths, cross sectional areas and permeability are connected one after another, in which same flux is established in different sections, then it is called series ... flux, Φ = Φ1 + Φ2  Path 1: BAFE  Path 2: BACD

Description : Explain working of AC circuit breaker using SCR with circuit diagram.

Last Answer : AC Circuit Breaker:  The circuit configuration of static AC circuit breaker using SCR is shown in the figure. When switch S' is closed, the SCRs T1 and T2 are fired in positive ... to non-availability of gate current. Thus the maximum time delay for breaking the circuit is one half-cycle.

Description : Explain space diagram & vector diagram

Last Answer : Space diagram: It is the diagram in which number of forces acting on body is drawn in space to a suitable scale and naming the spaces in order by Bow's notation. Vector diagram: It is the ... of the forces drawn in space diagram by maintaining the same order as it was maintained in space diagram.

Description : Explain with neat diagram the working of photo-voltaic cell. 

Last Answer : Diagram the working of photo-voltaic cell: Working:- Solar cell operates on principle of Photo-voltaic effect    Solar cell works in following steps: The solar cell is composed ... . When you connect loads such as a light bulb, electric current flows between the two electrodes.  

Description : Draw the wiring diagram of fluorescent tube. Explain the working of choke and starter. 

Last Answer : Fluorescent lamp:- Operation:- When switch is ON current flows through the choke-filament no1- starter-filament no. 2- to neutral, At that time choke induces high voltage which is applied to ... at the time of starting. ii) Starter: To make and break the circuit to start the tube. 

Description : Draw the labeled interfacing diagram to interface relay with 89C51 microcontroller.

Last Answer : the labeled interfacing diagram to interface relay with 89C51 microcontroller

Description : Describe principle of operation of Doppler type ultrasonic flow meter with diagram. 

Last Answer : Diagram: Working:  The flow meter consists of a crystal transducer mounted outside the pipe in which flow is to be measured. This transducer is a piezoelectric crystal which ... , so the frequency of the reflected wave is shifted to particle velocity, according to Doppler principle.

Description : Explain with schematic diagram direct distribution of solar energy.

Last Answer : Explain with schematic diagram direct distribution of solar energy: Solar energy reaching earth's surface consists of two components: i) Direct solar energy, ii) Diffused solar energy. Direct solar energy ... radiation. It is very intense radiation and it can produce sun burns and shadows.

Description : Explain with diagram load duration curve.

Last Answer : It is drawn from load curve. It is graph of load (MW/KW) arranged in descending order of magnitude with respect to time. 

Description : Describe with neat diagram phase sequence indicator.

Last Answer : Phase Sequence Indicator: There are two types of phase sequence indicators: (a) Rotating type phase sequence indicator (b) Static type phase sequence indicator (a) Rotating Type Phase Sequence ... of the supply is reversed or altered, then the lamp 1 will glow brighter than the lamp 2.

Description : Explain construction & working of attraction type M.I. instrument with neat diagram.

Last Answer : 1. Moving element: a small piece of soft iron in the form of a vane or rod.  2. In Attracted type a cylindrical coil or solenoid which is kept fixed. An oval-shaped soft-iron piece are ...   9. When = the pointer will be stable & we can get correct reading of the electrical quantity

Description : Explain spring control method with neat diagram.

Last Answer : Spring Control Method: As shown in the figure the inner ends of the both springs are attahced to the spindle ,while outer end of upper spring is attached to the lever and outer end of ... the springs are twisted in opposite direction to the motion of pointer and produce controlling torque.

Description : Describe procedure for calibration of ammeter with diagram.

Last Answer : Procedure for Calibration of Ammeter:  In this method, DC potentiometer is used for measurement of voltage across a standard low resistance.  Connect the circuit as shown in the figure, ... S = resistance of potentiometer  And the currents are compared for finding out error in ammeter.

Description : Draw the circuit diagram of crystal oscillator and explain its working.

Last Answer : To excite a crystal for operation in the series-resonant mode it may be connected as a series element in a feedback path, the crystal impedance is the smallest and the amount of positive feedback is the largest. ... which is good.  The resonant frequency is given as  Fo = 1/( 2 π √LC )