Write briefly
a. Supernova:
b. Radioactivity
c. Laser:
d. Semiconductors:
e. Geothermal Energy

1 Answer

Answer :

a. Supernova: star increasing suddenly in brightness.

b. Radioactivity: spontaneous disintegration of atomic nuclei, with the emission of usu. penetrating radiation or particles.

c. Laser: device that generates an intense beam of coherent light, or other electromagnetic radiation, in one direction. (Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation)

d. Semiconductors: substance that in certain conditions has electrical conductivity intermediate between insulators and metals.

e. Geothermal Energy: Geothermal power is power extracted from heat stored in the earth. This geothermal energy originates from the original formation of the planet, from radioactive decay of minerals, and from solar energy absorbed at the surface.

f. Computer Virus: self-replicating code maliciously introduced into a computer program and intended to corrupt the system or destroy data.

g. Pasteurization:

Related questions

Description : Define any five of the following terms. a) Biogas b) Geothermal energy c) Vaccine d) Antibiotic e) Ceramics f) Light year

Last Answer : a) Biogas: Biogas is the result of the controlled microbial breakdown of organic materials such as animal manures or food scraps in an anaerobic digester.Biogas is a mixture of about 60-70% methane (natural ... 10 trillion km. More precisely, one light-year is equal to 9,500,000,000,000 kilometers.

Description : Write briefly (a)Allotropy (b) Nebula (c) Enrichment of Uranium (d) Aqua Regia (e) Greenhouse effect (f) Igneous rocks

Last Answer : (a)Allotropy existence of a chemical element in two or more different forms For example, the element carbon has two common allotropes: diamond, where the carbon atoms are bonded together in a ... igneous rocks have been described, most of them formed beneath the surface of the Earth's crust.

Description : Write briefly about (a) Shock Waves (b) Sound Barrier (c) Solar Cell (d) Super Fluid (e) Tsunami (f) Photovoltaic Cell (g) Hygrometer

Last Answer : (a) Shock Waves In fluid dynamics, a shock wave is a nonlinear or discontinuous pressure wave. It can also be when the actual molecular or particle speed is moving faster than the wave ... . Evaporation from the bulb lowers the temperature so that this thermometer usually shows a lower temperature.

Description : Write briefly about any five of the following a. Nuclear radiation b. Theodolite c. Dialysis d. Enrichment of Uranium e. Richter Scale f. Aqua regia g. Iodized salt

Last Answer : a. Nuclear radiation Three are atomic nuclei of some elements that continuously emit some ultraviolet waves called radiation. When the process of radiation is stimulated through various nuclear processes ... , and at approximately the same level throughout the year, irrespective of economic level.

Description : write short notes on (a) Laser (b) Nuclear reactor (c) Ceramics

Last Answer : a. Laser Laser is a device which generates the coherent light or "well organised" light .Ordinary white light is made up of many different colours. Each colour has different wavelength and the photons of ... reactor (PWR) 4. Heavy water reactor (HWR) 5. High-temperature Gas-Cooled reactor (HTGR)

Description : Briefly discuss the classification of plants giving suitable examples:

Last Answer : There are nearly half a million species of plants on the earth. With the exception of few , all of them need three basic ingredients to survive : air , light and water . Plants are found ... angiosperms include most other trees , the flowering plants, the grasses , crop plants , vegetable and weeds.

Description : Briefly describe the principle and function of a camera. Mention its essential parts along with brief comparison with an eye.

Last Answer : The most important tool of photography is the camera itself. Basically, a camera is a lighttight box with a lens on one side and light-sensitive film on the other. Parts: 1.camera box 2. ... change distance between lens & film in camera and change focal length of lens using ciliary muscles in eye.

Description : a) Semi-conductors b) Pesticides c) Laser.

Last Answer : a) Semi-conductors: Semiconductor, solid or liquid material, able to conduct electricity at room temperature more readily than an insulator, but less easily than a metal. Such metals as copper, ... the infrared through the X-ray range. Masers are similar devices that produce and amplify microwaves.

Description : Write short notes on (a) Communication Satellite: (b) Geo-thermal Energy: (c) Ultrasonic:

Last Answer : (a) Communication Satellite: A communications satellite is an artificial satellite stationed in space for the purposes of telecommunications. Modern communications satellites use geosynchronous orbits, Molniya ... be used to break up kidney stones or for cataract treatment by phacoemulsification.

Description : Differentiate between any five of the following: a) Thermoplastics and thermosetting plastics b) Lunar eclipse and solar eclipse c) Asteroid and meteorite d) Renewable and non-renewable energy resources e) Endothermic and exothermic reactions f) Star and planet g) Nuclear fission and nuclear fusion

Last Answer : a) Thermoplastics and thermosetting plastics: Thermoplastics: Thermoplastics can be repeatedly softened by heating and hardened by cooling.Thermoplastic molecules, which are linear or slightly branched, do ... or explode in midair. Remains of meteoroids that reach the surface are called meteorites.

Description : Sun is glorious star in our sky. Write down its characteristics with reference to the following date:

Last Answer : (a) Distance from earth 149,600,000 kilometers, or 92,960,000 miles (b) Mean distance from center of galaxy 26,000 light-years (c) Velocity around centre of galaxy 251 km ... the core temperature reaches around 100 million kelvins and will produce carbon, entering the asymptotic giant branch phase

Description : Write short notes on any two of the following : a. Superconductivity b. Night Vision Technology c. Seismograph

Last Answer : a. Superconductivity The pairing of electrons in certain materials when cooled below a critical temperature, causing the material to lose all resistance to electricity flow. Superconductors can carry ... for measuring the intensity of earthquakes by recording the seismic waves that they generate.

Description : Write short notes on any two of the following: a). Microwave oven : b). Optic fibre : c). Biotechnology:

Last Answer : a). Microwave oven : It is one of the great inventions of the 20th century. Microwave ovens are popular because they cook food quickly. They are also extremely efficient in their use of ... DNA containing one or a few genes is transferred between organisms or "recombined" within an organism.

Description : What is the endocrine system? Write the names and function of any eight endocrine glands. (2,8)

Last Answer : Endocrine System The endocrine system is an integrated system of small organs which involve the release of extracellular signaling molecules known as hormones. The endocrine system is instrumental in ... --Endogenous opiates --Neuromodulators V. Adipose tissue a. Leptin --Regulates Fat Deposition

Description : Write short notes on any two of the following: a) Acid rain b) Green house effect c) Ozone depletion

Last Answer : Answers: a) Acid rain: The problem begins with the production of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides from the burning of fossil fuels, such as coal, natural gas, and oil, and from certain ... and an increase in atmospheric carbon dioxide (Global Warming) due to the decrease in plants and plankton.

Description : Define ENERGY. Name four renewable sources of energy. How can our country come out of Energy Crisis?

Last Answer : Energy: In physics, energy ", is a scalar physical quantity that describes the amount of work that can be performed by a force, an attribute of objects and systems that is ... Administrative Improvement. -Utilization of largest deposits of coal. -Renewable sources of energy. -Public Awareness.

Description : How the Electrical energy is produced by Nuclear Power Plants?

Last Answer : A nuclear power plant (NPP) is a thermal power station in which the heat source is one or more nuclear reactors generating nuclear power. Nuclear power plants are base load stations, which work ... in operation around the world, which together produce about one-sixth of the world's electric power.

Description : Renewable and non-renewable energy resources:

Last Answer : Renewable energy resources: Generally a form or forms of energy that are not based on fossil fuels but are renewable sources.they are mostly environmental friendly. Examples, Geothermal Energy; Solar Energy ... fuels .they are not environmental friendly. examples, natural gas, oil, wood.patrol etc.

Description : Define the following a) Amphibion b) Synchronous satellite c) Big Dipper d) Fermentation e) Millennium Bug

Last Answer : (a) Amphibion cold-blooded vertebrate animal able to live both on land and water (b) Synchronous satellite A satellite in a synchronous orbit A synchronous orbit is one in which an orbiting object ... an inability in older computing software to deal correctly with dates of 1 January 2000 or later.

Description : Differenitate between the following pairs: (a) BIT and BYTE (b) RAM and ROM (c) Epidemic and endemic (d) Photosynthesis and respiration (e) Herbivores and carnivores

Last Answer : (a) BIT and BYTE Bit: -the computer works with binary numbers, which are 0 and 1. Each binary digit is called a bit . Bit is the short for binary integer. It is the smallest ... include cat, dog, lion, tiger etc. Herbivores and carnivores constitute the food chain of a particular community.

Description : (a) Asteroids (b) Black Hole (c) Aurora (d) Sedimentary Rock (e) Epiphytes (f) Ionosphere

Last Answer : a. Asteroids Asteroids, also called minor planets or planetoids, are a class of astronomical objects. The asteroid is a small celestial body that drift in the solar system in orbit around the ... . It plays an important part in atmospheric electricity and forms the inner edge of the magnetosphere.

Description : Differentiate between the following pairs: (a) Telemeter and Multimeter: (b) Perimeter and Altimeter (c) Periscope and Microscope (d) Nucleon and Photon (e) Cusec and Comet

Last Answer : (a) Telemeter and Multimeter: Telemeter is used to convey the physical statistics to a distance, while a multimeter is a complex device, having a potentiometer and ammeter. (b) Perimeter and Altimeter Perimeter is ... packet. (e) Cusec and Comet Cusec is a measure of flow, while comet is an object.

Description : Differentiate between the following pairs. (a) Radiotherapy & Chemotherapy (b) Penumbra & Umbra (c) Springtides & Neaptides (d) Vertebrates &. Invertebrates (e) Fluorescent light & Neon signs

Last Answer : (a) Radiotherapy & Chemotherapy Radiotherapy: Radiation therapy (or radiotherapy) is the medical use of ionizing radiation as part of cancer treatment to control malignant cells. Radiotherapy may be ... Crookes tube), which is a glass tube for demonstrating the principles of electrical discharge.

Description : Differentiate between the following pairs a. periscope & pyrometer b. cell & battery c. perimeter & altimeter d. pelage and plumage e. smog and smoke

Last Answer : a. periscope & pyrometer periscope is an optical instrument pyrometer is a meter used to measure high temperature b. cell & battery Cell is a small unit/device that delivers an electric ... visibility and is hazardous to health Smoke are the thin fine particles usually result from the combustion

Description : Give scientific reason of the following : a) Colour blindness is more common in men than in women b) Light coloured clothes are generally worn in summer c) A person is hurt more when he falls ... ground than on soft d) Deforestation causes more floods e) The man-hole covers are generally round

Last Answer : a) Colour blindness is more common in men than in women Women have the sex chromosomes XX, while men have the chromosomes XY. The gene for normal colour vision is found on the X- ... of flowing water. When these trees are cut the natural barriers ultimately vanish and more floods are caused

Description : Differentiate between the following pairs : a). Lava and Magma b). Ultraviolet and infrared c). Fault and Fold d). Caustic Soda and Caustic Potash e). S.E.M. and T.E.M.

Last Answer : a). Lava and Magma Molten rock, when it is still beneath the earth's surface is Magma, and "lava" after it has erupted. b). Ultraviolet and infrared Ultraviolet : Electromagnetic radiation ... allowing the surface stucture of a specimen to be examined. T.E.M.: Transmission electronic microscope.

Description : Differentiate between any five of the following. (i) Artery and vein (ii) Hard water and soft water (iii) E-mail and Snail mail (iv) Apes and monkey (v) Hydrostatics and hydrodynamics (vi) Comet and ... (vii) Barrage and dam (viii) Electron and hole (ix) Isobars and isotopes (x) Autopsy and biopsy

Last Answer : Answers: (i) Artery and vein: Arteries: Muscular blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart. All arteries, with the exception of the pulmonary and umbilical arteries, carry oxygenated blood ... to determine cause of death Biopsy: Removal and study of a tissue sample for diagnostic purposes

Description : What are Endocrine Glands? Name any two. From which part of the body are the following secreted: a) Insulin b) Thyroxin c) Adrenaline d) Oestrogen e) Testosterone f) Cortisol

Last Answer : These are those glands which pour their secretions directly into the blood stream . Their secretions are called as Hormones which are the chemical substances produced by the cells of one part and transported ... and many other functions of body and mind. E.g. Pituitary Gland, Thyroid Gland etc.

Description : Differentiate between the following. a) Hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia b) Epidemic and endemic c) Herbivores and carnivores d) Photosynthesis and respiration e) Pollination and fertilization

Last Answer : a) Hypoglycemia and Hyperglycemia: Hypoglycemia:the medical condition of having an unusually low level of sugar in the blood Hyperglycemia: the medical condition of having an unusually high level of sugar in ... reproduce sexually-that is, when a male and a female are needed to produce an offspring.

Description : a) Doping b) Immunization c) Pasteurization d) Modulation e) Catabolism f) Reprocessing of reactor fuel

Last Answer : a) Doping: is adding impurities to semiconductor materials in order to change their electrical characteristics. b) Immunization: Also called vaccination or inoculation, a method of stimulating resistance in ... recovered plutonium-239 may be used in place of some uranium-235 in new fuel elements.

Description : Differentiate between any five of the following: a) DNA and RNA b) Alloy and Amalgam c) Blood and Lymph d) Stars and Planets e) Gas and Vapour f) Brass and Bronze

Last Answer : a) DNA & RNA RNA: It is single stranded molecule Contains Ribose sugar contains adanine, guanine ,cytosine, & uracil bases generally located in cytoplasm is of three kinds DNA: Double stranded deoxyribose contains ... and Bronze: Brass: an alloy of copper and zinc Bronze: an alloy of copper and tin

Description : Name the sources of any five of the following biological products. a) Musk b) Codeine c) Cocaine d) Quinine e) Colchicines f) Digilain

Last Answer : Answer: a) Abdominal gland of male musk deer b) From opium c) Cocaine d) Bark of cinchona e) From colchicum f) Leaves from the purple foxglove; a plant

Description : Where are the following animals found? Answer any five. a) Kangaroo b) Kiwi c) Llama d) Ibex e) Panda f) Snow Leopard g) Penguin

Last Answer : Answer: a) Australia b) New Zealand c) South America d) Himalaya, Abyssinia e) North India f) Central Asian Mountains g) Cooler waters and along the coastlines in Southern Hemisphere

Description : Name the organs responsible for the following functions present in either elements, plants or human. a) Vision b) Reproduction c) Hormone secretion d) Blood pumping e) Food storage

Last Answer : Answers: a) Eye b) Gonades c) Glands d) Heart e) Stem and stomach

Description : Why is the water in an open pond cool even on a hot summer day?

Last Answer : Answer: As the water evaporates from the open surface of a pond, heat is taken away in the process, leaving the surface cool.

Description : Why does kerosene float on water?

Last Answer : Answer: Because the density of kerosene is less than that of water. For the same reason cream rises in milk and floats at the top.

Description : Why does moisture gather outside a tumbler containing cold water?

Last Answer : Answer: The water vapour in the air condenses on cooling and appears as droplets of water.

Description : Why does ice float on water?

Last Answer : Answer: The weight of the ice block is equal to the weight of the liquid displaced by the immersed portion of the ice.

Description : Why does a small iron sink in water but a large ship float?

Last Answer : Answer: The weight of water displaced by an iron ball is less than its own weight, whereas water displaced by the immersed portion of a ship is equal to its weight (Archimedes? Principle).

Description : Why does blotting paper absorb ink?

Last Answer : Answer: Blotting paper has fine pores, which act like capillaries. When a portion of blotting paper is brought in contact with ink, ink enters the pores due to surface tension (capillary action f liquids) and is absorbed.

Description : Why is one?s breath visible in winter but not in summer?

Last Answer : Answer: In winter, water vapor contained in the breath condenses into small droplets, which become visible but in summer they are quickly evaporated and not seen.

Description : Why does a swimming pool appear less deep than is actually is?

Last Answer : Answer: The rays of light coming from the bottom of the pool pass from a denser medium (water) to a rarer medium (air) and are refracted (bend away from the normal). When the rays return to the surface, they form an image of the bottom of the pool at a point, which is little above the real position.

Description : Why is a rainbow seen after a shower?

Last Answer : Answer: After a shower, the clouds containing water droplets act like a prism through which the white light is dispersed producing a spectrum.

Description : Why is water from a hand pump warm in winter and cold in summer?

Last Answer : Answer: In winter, the outside temperature is lower than that of water flowing out of the pump, and therefore, the water is warm. Whereas in summer, the outside temperature is higher than the water of the pump, and therefore, it feels cold.

Description : Why is a compass used as an indicator of direction?

Last Answer : Answer: The magnetic needles of a compass under the influence f the earth?s magnetic field lie in a north-south direction. Hence, we can identify direction.

Description : Why does an ordinary glass tumbler crack when very hot tea or milk is poured in it?

Last Answer : Answer: When a hot liquid is poured into a tumbler, the inner layer of the tumbler gets heated, it expands before the outer layer and an unequal expansion of both layers causes the tumbler to crack.

Description : Why does a man fall forward when he jumps out of a running train or bus?

Last Answer : Answer: He is in motion while in the train or bus. When he jumps out, his feet comes to rest while touching the ground but his upper portion which is still in motion propels him forward.

Description : Why does an electric bulb explode when it is broken?

Last Answer : Answer: The bulb encompasses partial vacuum and as it breaks, air rushes in causing a small explosion.

Description : Why does smoke curl up in the air?

Last Answer : Answer: Smoke contains hot gases which being lighter in weight, follows a curved path because of the eddy currents that are set up in the air.

Description : Why do we lean forward while climbing a hill?

Last Answer : Answer: In order to keeps the vertical line passing through our centre of gravity always between our feet, which is essential to attain equilibrium or stability.