Classify closed die forging. Explain any one with neat sketch.

Classify closed die forging. Explain any one with neat sketch. 
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Answer :

Classification of closed / Impression die forging:-

1) drop forging 2) press forging 3) machine forging 4) Single die 5) Multi die close die forging :-

Close die forging is also called as Impression die forging. Impression die s generally contains preliminary shaping steps to permit the change from the original forging stock to the finished forging without mechanical defects. Simple symmetrical parts may be forged directly in the finished impression (finishing die cavity) without preliminary shaping. The more difficult or complex shapes may require several difficult steps to produce finished forging.

The most used preliminary forging step is the edger, which serves to proportion the cross sectional area along the length of the flowing metal from a section being reduced to a section being enlarged.

The fullering step or fuller reduces the cross sectional area between the ends of the forging stock without appreciable change to the end section.

The bending step or bender forms the length of the forging stock to a shape for finishing impression.

Excess material is allowed to run out between the flat die surfaces and this flash is sometimes removed or trimmed prior to forging in the finishing die.

Die must however be heated before the first forging is made. after forging operation the part must be trimmed to remove the flash.

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