(i) Explain construction and working of geothermal power plant. (ii) Explain the construction and working of bomb calorimeter.

1 Answer

Answer :

(i) Geothermal power plant:

Construction and Working: geothermal power plant which consists of the following main components: Underground steam storage, steam separator, steam separator, turbine and Generator. Steam is present in the earth crust at 10 km depth is about 2000 C. It is stored in the underground steam storage tank. This steam is taken out through pipe and valve and passed through steam separator. In steam separator moisture content in the steam is taken out and dry steam is allowed to pass in steam drum where steam is stored. The moisture content in steam is then injected into the ground. As per requirement steam is passed over the turbine and kinetic energy of steam is converted into mechanical work. Turbine is connected to the generator by shaft which generates power. Mechanical energy of shaft is converted in to electrical energy by generator.

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(ii) Bomb calorimeter:

The calorific valve of solid and liquid fuels is determined in the laboratory by „Bomb calorimeter‟. It is so named shape resembles that of bomb .Fig shows the schematic sketch of bomb calorimeter.

Construction and Working: The calorimeter is made of austenitic steel which provides considerable resistant to corrosion and enables it to withstand high pressure. In the calorimeter use of a strong cylindrical bomb in which combustion occurs. The bomb has two values at the top. One supplies oxygen to the bomb and other releases the exhaust gases. A crucible in which a weighed quantity of fuel sample is burnt is arranged between the two electrodes as shown in fig. The calorimeter is fitted with water jacket which surrounds the bomb To reduce the losses due to radiation calorimeter is further provided with a jacket of water and air. A stirrer for keeping the temperature of water uniform and a thermometer the temperature up to accuracy of 0.0010 C is fitted through the lid of the calorimeter. The heat released by the fuel on combustion is absorbed by the surrounding water and the calorimeter. From the above data the calorific value of the fuel can be found. 

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