The tubular and dorsal nervous system of chordates is related to the cephalization in these animals and to bilateral symmetry. The presence of neural integrating centers with concentration of neurons in the brains and the spinal cord (central nervous system, CNS) allowed the increase of the interaction complexity between these animals and the environment. Receptor (afferent conduction) and efferent (motor, regulatory and behavioral reactions) functions come out more sophisticated in chordates due to the presence of more well-developed neural networks. These features have been preserved by evolution as they provide adaptive advantage to their owners.

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How can the tubular-dorsal nervous system in chordates be compared to the nervous pattern present in invertebrates?

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