An 80-year-old woman has a three month history of progressive numbness and unsteadiness of her gait. On examination, there is a mild spastic paraparesis, with brisk knee reflexes, ankle reflexes are present with reinforcement, extensor plantars, sensory loss in the legs with a sensory level at T10, impaired joint position sense in the toes, and loss of vibration sense below the iliac crests. Investigations were as follows:- haemoglobin 12.0 g/dl MCV 99 fl What is the most likely diagnosis? A. anterior spinal artery occlusion B. dorsal meningioma C. multiple sclerosis D. subacute combined degeneration of the cord E. tabes dorsalis

An 80-year-old woman has a three month history of progressive numbness and unsteadiness of her gait. On examination, there is a mild spastic paraparesis, with brisk knee reflexes, ankle reflexes are present with reinforcement, extensor plantars, sensory loss in the legs with a sensory level at T10, impaired joint position sense in the toes, and loss of vibration sense below the iliac crests. Investigations were as follows:- haemoglobin 12.0 g/dl MCV 99 fl What is the most likely diagnosis? A. anterior spinal artery occlusion B. dorsal meningioma C. multiple sclerosis D. subacute combined degeneration of the cord E. tabes dorsalis
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A young patient with sudden painless loss of vision, with systolic murmur and ocular examination reveals a cherry red spot with clear AC, the likely diagnosis is: a. Central Retinal Artery Occlusion b. Central Retinal Vein Occlusion c. Diabetes Mellitus d. Branch Retinal Vein Occlusion

Description : A young patient with sudden painless loss of vision, with systolic murmur and ocular examination reveals a cherry red spot with clear AC, the likely diagnosis is: a. Central Retinal Artery Occlusion b. Central Retinal Vein Occlusion c. Diabetes Mellitus d. Branch Retinal Vein Occlusion  

Last Answer : ANSWER: A

The following are true about the spinal cord: a. segment T12 lies at the level of vertebral body T9 b. cerebrospinal fluid is found within the subdural space c. two point discrimination is transmitted in the dorsal column d. hemisection results in contralateral loss of pain and temperature sense below the lesio

Description : The following are true about the spinal cord: a. segment T12 lies at the level of vertebral body T9 b. cerebrospinal fluid is found within the subdural space c. two point ... the dorsal column d. hemisection results in contralateral loss of pain and temperature sense below the lesio

Last Answer : segment T12 lies at the level of vertebral body T9

Which of the following diseases is a chronic, degenerative, progressive disease of the central nervous system characterized by the occurrence of small patches of demyelination in the brain and spinal cord? a) Multiple sclerosis The cause of MS is not known and the disease affects twice as many women as men.

Description : Which of the following diseases is a chronic, degenerative, progressive disease of the central nervous system characterized by the occurrence of small patches of demyelination in the brain and ... the central nervous system characterized by spongiform degeneration of the gray matter of the brain.

Last Answer : a) Multiple sclerosis The cause of MS is not known and the disease affects twice as many women as men.

Which of the following would be expected following distal occlusion of the posterior cerebral artery? A. cerebellar ataxia B. contralateral hemiplegia C. dysarthria D. homonymous hemianopia E. palatal palsy

Description : Which of the following would be expected following distal occlusion of the posterior cerebral artery? A. cerebellar ataxia B. contralateral hemiplegia C. dysarthria D. homonymous hemianopia E. palatal palsy

Last Answer : Ans: D

Subacute combined degeneration of cord is caused due to deficiency of (A) Niacin (B) Cobalamin (C) Biotin (D) Thiamin VITAMINS 117

Description : Subacute combined degeneration of cord is caused due to deficiency of (A) Niacin (B) Cobalamin (C) Biotin (D) Thiamin VITAMINS 117

Last Answer : Answer : B

A 53-year-old man presented with hypertension of 150/110 mmHg. He is generally asymptomatic and has no previous medical history of note. He is a smoker of 5 cigarettes daily and drinks modest quantities of alcohol. He takes no prescribed medications. Examination reveals a BMI of 33.5 kg/2 but nil else. The following detail his investigations: Serum sodium 146 mmol/l (NR 133-145) Serum potassium 3.2 mmol/l (NR 3.5 - 5) Urinary potassium excretion 42 mmol/l (NR less than 30) What is the likely diagnosis? 1) Adrenocortical adenoma 2) Bartter's syndrome 3) Liddle's syndrome 4) Liquorice ingestion 5) Pheochromocytoma

Description : A 53-year-old man presented with hypertension of 150/110 mmHg. He is generally asymptomatic and has no previous medical history of note. He is a smoker of 5 cigarettes daily and drinks ... Adrenocortical adenoma 2) Bartter's syndrome 3) Liddle's syndrome 4) Liquorice ingestion 5) Pheochromocytoma

Last Answer : Answers-1 This patient is most likely to have Conn's syndrome as reflected by the hypokalaemic hypertension. Liquorice ingestion or Liddle's syndrome are again possible causes of ... hypertension (often diastolic hypertension), muscular weakness, paresthesias, headache, polyuria, and polydipsia."

A 19 year-old female is referred following a visit to the dentist where marked erosion of her teeth was noted. She was entirely asymptomatic and her only medication was the oral contraceptive pill. On examination her blood pressure was 110/70 mmHg and her body mass index was 21.5 kg/m2 (18 - 25). Investigations sodium 135 mmol/l potassium 2.1 mmol/l bicarbonate 42 mmol/l urea 2.6 mol/L corrected calcium 2.08 mmol/ alkaline phosphatase 201 iu/l (50-110) What is the most likely diagnosis? 1) Bulimia nervosa 2) Conn's syndrome 3) Laxative abuse 4) Pregnancy 5) Primary hypoparathyroidism

Description : A 19 year-old female is referred following a visit to the dentist where marked erosion of her teeth was noted. She was entirely asymptomatic and her only medication was the oral contraceptive pill ... ) Bulimia nervosa 2) Conn's syndrome 3) Laxative abuse 4) Pregnancy 5) Primary hypoparathyroidism

Last Answer : Answers-5 This patient has tooth erosion associated with hypokalaemic metabolic alkalosis and hypocalcaemia. This suggests a diagnosis of hypoparathyroidism. Conn's is unlikely in this age group, is ... raised alkaline phosphatase would not be expected. Early pregnancy would not fit this picture.

Destruction of the anterior horn cells of the spinal cord would result in loss of (a) commissural impulses (b) integrating impulses (c) sensory impulses (d) voluntary motor impulses

Description : Destruction of the anterior horn cells of the spinal cord would result in loss of (a) commissural impulses (b) integrating impulses (c) sensory impulses (d) voluntary motor impulses

Last Answer : (d) voluntary motor impulses.

A male patient 30 years old with visual acuity of 6/6 in both eyes. Twelve hours ago he presented with drop of vision of the left eye. On examination, visual acuity was 6/6 in the right eye and 6/60 in the left eye. Fundus examination showed blurred edges of the left optic disc. The most probable diagnosis is: a. Raised intra cranial pressure b. Raised ocular tension c. Central retinal artery occlusion d. Optic neuritis

Description : A male patient 30 years old with visual acuity of 6/6 in both eyes. Twelve hours ago he presented with drop of vision of the left eye. On examination, visual acuity was 6/6 in the ... : a. Raised intra cranial pressure b. Raised ocular tension c. Central retinal artery occlusion d. Optic neuritis

Last Answer : ANSWER: D

Which of the following would be the result of a spinal lesion at the level of C8? A. a reduced brachioradialis reflex B. inability to abduct the shoulder C. loss of sensation over the lateral aspect of the arm D. winging of the scapula E. weakness of finger flexion

Description : Which of the following would be the result of a spinal lesion at the level of C8? A. a reduced brachioradialis reflex B. inability to abduct the shoulder C. loss of sensation over the lateral aspect of the arm D. winging of the scapula E. weakness of finger flexion

Last Answer : Ans: E

The following sensations are conveyed in the dorsal column of the spinal cord: a. pain b. temperature c. vibration d. proprioception

Description : The following sensations are conveyed in the dorsal column of the spinal cord: a. pain b. temperature c. vibration d. proprioception

Last Answer : vibration

A 73-year-old man presents with an abrupt onset of double vision and left leg weakness. Examination shows weakness of abduction of the right eye, right-sided facial weakness affecting upper and lower parts of the face. He also has a left hemiparesis. Where is the lesion? A. left frontal lobe B. left lateral medulla C. right corpus striatum D. right midbrain E. right pons

Description : A 73-year-old man presents with an abrupt onset of double vision and left leg weakness. Examination shows weakness of abduction of the right eye, right-sided facial weakness affecting upper and lower ... frontal lobe B. left lateral medulla C. right corpus striatum D. right midbrain E. right pons

Last Answer : Ans: E

A 32-year-old man suffers a spinal cord injury with a resultant paraplegia in a motorcycle accident. He presents to the emergency room with hypotension. Which of the following statement(s) is/are true concerning his diagnosis and management? a. The low blood pressure can be assumed to be due to neurogenic shock b. The sole cause of hypotension is the loss of sympathetic input to the venous system c. Despite significant hypotension, secondary organ injury will be uncommon d. There is no role for pharmacologic intervention to maintain blood pressure

Description : A 32-year-old man suffers a spinal cord injury with a resultant paraplegia in a motorcycle accident. He presents to the emergency room with hypotension. Which of the following statement(s) is/ ... injury will be uncommon d. There is no role for pharmacologic intervention to maintain blood pressure

Last Answer : Answer: c Neurogenic shock results from interruption of sympathetic vasomotor input and develops after spinal cord injury, spinal anesthesia, and severe head injury. Under normal conditions, baseline ... the cause is not neurogenic and search for occult blood loss or cardiogenic causes of shock

Which of the following regarding the anatomy of the heart is true? A. The aortic valve is tricuspid. B. The ascending aorta is entirely outside the pericardial sac. C. The left atrial appendage is identified readily by transthoracic echocardiography. D. The pulmonary trunk lies anterior to the ascending aorta. E. The right atrium is posterior to the left atrium.

Description : Which of the following regarding the anatomy of the heart is true? A. The aortic valve is tricuspid. B. The ascending aorta is entirely outside the pericardial sac. C. The left atrial appendage is ... trunk lies anterior to the ascending aorta. E. The right atrium is posterior to the left atrium.

Last Answer : Ans: A

Which nerve is assessed when the nurse asks the patient to dorsiflex the ankle and extend the toes? a) Peroneal The motor function of the peroneal nerve is assessed by asking the patient to dorsiflex the ankle and extend the toes while the sensory function is assessed by pricking the skin between the great and center toes. b) Radial The radial nerve is assessed by asking the patient to stretch out the thumb, then the wrist, and then the fingers at the metacarpal joints. c) Median The median nerve is assessed by asking the patient to touch the thumb to the little finger. d) Ulnar Asking the patient to spread all fingers allows the nurse to assess motor function affected by ulnar innervation.

Description : Which nerve is assessed when the nurse asks the patient to dorsiflex the ankle and extend the toes? a) Peroneal The motor function of the peroneal nerve is assessed by asking the patient to ... the patient to spread all fingers allows the nurse to assess motor function affected by ulnar innervation.

Last Answer : a) Peroneal The motor function of the peroneal nerve is assessed by asking the patient to dorsiflex the ankle and extend the toes while the sensory function is assessed by pricking the skin between the great and center toes.

Which nerve is assessed when the nurse asks the patient to spread all fingers? a) Ulnar Asking the patient to spread all fingers allows the nurse to assess motor function affected by ulnar innervation while pricking the fat pad at the top of the small finger allows assessment of the sensory function affected by the ulnar nerve. b) Peroneal The peroneal nerve is assessed by asking the patient to dorsiflex the ankle and extend the toes. c) Radial The radial nerve is assessed by asking the patient to stretch out the thumb, then the wrist, and then the fingers at the metacarpal joints. d) Median The median nerve is assessed by asking the patient to touch the thumb to the little finger.

Description : Which nerve is assessed when the nurse asks the patient to spread all fingers? a) Ulnar Asking the patient to spread all fingers allows the nurse to assess motor function affected by ulnar innervation ... The median nerve is assessed by asking the patient to touch the thumb to the little finger.

Last Answer : a) Ulnar Asking the patient to spread all fingers allows the nurse to assess motor function affected by ulnar innervation while pricking the fat pad at the top of the small finger allows assessment of the sensory function affected by the ulnar nerve.

Why are men''s testicles located between their legs?

Description : Why are men''s testicles located between their legs?

Last Answer : Because that is where our genitals are. I suppose male genitals could be moved to the brain!

A 12 years-old girl complains of sore mouth, she has painful cervical lymphadenitis and a temperature of 39°c, oral examination shows numerous yellow grey lesions. What is the MOST LIKELY diagnosis: A. Measles (koplick spots are present next to the molars usually) B. Erythema multiform se da general mentor hombres mas de 20 años en labios C. Herpetic gingivostomatitis D. Stevens-Johnson syndrome

Description : A 12 years-old girl complains of sore mouth, she has painful cervical lymphadenitis and a temperature of 39°c, oral examination shows numerous yellow grey lesions. What is the MOST LIKELY ... mentor hombres mas de 20 años en labios C. Herpetic gingivostomatitis D. Stevens-Johnson syndrome

Last Answer : C. Herpetic gingivostomatitis

Which of the following suggests a diagnosis of familial combined hyperlipidaemia (FCHL) rather than heterozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia (FH)? 1) Tendon xanthomas 2) Presence of glucose intolerance 3) Strong family history of premature coronary artery disease 4) Presence of arcus senilus 5) Absence of hyperuricaemia

Description : Which of the following suggests a diagnosis of familial combined hyperlipidaemia (FCHL) rather than heterozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia (FH)? 1) Tendon xanthomas 2) Presence of glucose ... premature coronary artery disease 4) Presence of arcus senilus 5) Absence of hyperuricaemia

Last Answer : Answers-2 The genetic dislipidaemias occur in one third of patients who have suffered from their first myocardial infarction below the age of 50 years in men. The commonest is familial combined ... xanthomata and arcus cornea are rarely present in children, but are very important signs to identify.

The tubular and dorsal nervous system of chordates is related to the cephalization in these animals and to bilateral symmetry. The presence of neural integrating centers with concentration of neurons in the brains and the spinal cord (central nervous system, CNS) allowed the increase of the interaction complexity between these animals and the environment. Receptor (afferent conduction) and efferent (motor, regulatory and behavioral reactions) functions come out more sophisticated in chordates due to the presence of more well-developed neural networks. These features have been preserved by evolution as they provide adaptive advantage to their owners.

Description : The tubular and dorsal nervous system of chordates is related to the cephalization in these animals and to bilateral symmetry. The presence of neural integrating centers with concentration of ... These features have been preserved by evolution as they provide adaptive advantage to their owners.

Last Answer : How can the tubular-dorsal nervous system in chordates be compared to the nervous pattern present in invertebrates?

The following are true about pain: a. in disseminated cancer can be effectively relieved by hypophysectomy b. does not ascend through the dorsal column of the spinal cord c. is transmitted faster through the C fibres than the A delta fibres d. stimulation of the ß receptors in the brain produces analgesia

Description : The following are true about pain: a. in disseminated cancer can be effectively relieved by hypophysectomy b. does not ascend through the dorsal column of the spinal cord c. is transmitted faster ... fibres than the A delta fibres d. stimulation of the ß receptors in the brain produces analgesia

Last Answer : stimulation of the ß receptors in the brain produces analgesia

Of the following neurotransmitters, which demonstrates inhibitory action, helps control mood and sleep, and inhibits pain pathways? a) Serotonin The sources of serotonin are the brain stem, hypothalamus, and dorsal horn of the spinal cord.

Description : Of the following neurotransmitters, which demonstrates inhibitory action, helps control mood and sleep, and inhibits pain pathways? a) Serotonin The sources of serotonin are the brain ... d) Acetylcholine Acetylcholine is usually excitatory, but the parasympathetic effects are sometimes inhibitory.

Last Answer : a) Serotonin The sources of serotonin are the brain stem, hypothalamus, and dorsal horn of the spinal cord.

A female patient 18 years old, who is contact lens wearer since two years, is complaining of redness, lacrimation and foreign body sensation of both eyes. On examination, visual acuity was 6/6 with negative fluorescein test. The expected diagnosis can be: a. Acute anterior uveitis. b. Giant papillary conjunctivitis. c. Bacterial corneal ulcer. d. Acute congestive glaucoma

Description : A female patient 18 years old, who is contact lens wearer since two years, is complaining of redness, lacrimation and foreign body sensation of both eyes. On examination, visual acuity ... uveitis. b. Giant papillary conjunctivitis. c. Bacterial corneal ulcer. d. Acute congestive glaucoma  

Last Answer : ANSWER: B 

A one-month old baby is brought with complaints of photophobia and watering. Clinical examination shows normal tear passages and clear but large cornea. The most likely diagnosis is: a. Congenital dacryocystitis b. Interstitial keratitis c. Keratoconus d. Buphthalmos

Description : A one-month old baby is brought with complaints of photophobia and watering. Clinical examination shows normal tear passages and clear but large cornea. The most likely diagnosis is: a. Congenital dacryocystitis b. Interstitial keratitis c. Keratoconus d. Buphthalmos 

Last Answer : ANSWER: D 

The joint position sense of the right leg is impaired in damage of: a. the superior colliculi b. the cerebellum c. the thalamus of the right d. the post-central gyrus of the left cerebral hemisphere

Description : The joint position sense of the right leg is impaired in damage of: a. the superior colliculi b. the cerebellum c. the thalamus of the right d. the post-central gyrus of the left cerebral hemisphere

Last Answer : he post-central gyrus of the left cerebral hemisphere

The patient receiving mitoxantrone (Novantrone) for treatment of secondary progressive multiple sclerosis (MS) is closely monitored for a) leukopenia and cardiac toxicity. Mitoxantrone is an antineoplastic agent used primarily to treat leukemia and lyphoma but is also used to treat secondary progressive MS. Patients need to have laboratory tests ordered and the results closely monitored due to the potential for leukopenia and cardiac toxicity.

Description : The patient receiving mitoxantrone (Novantrone) for treatment of secondary progressive multiple sclerosis (MS) is closely monitored for a) leukopenia and cardiac toxicity. Mitoxantrone is an ... d) hypoxia. Patients receiving mitoxantrone are closely monitored for leukopenia and cardiac toxicity.

Last Answer : a) leukopenia and cardiac toxicity. Mitoxantrone is an antineoplastic agent used primarily to treat leukemia and lyphoma but is also used to treat secondary progressive MS. Patients need to have ... ordered and the results closely monitored due to the potential for leukopenia and cardiac toxicity.

A patient of megaloblastic anaemia was treated with oral folic acid 5 mg daily. After 2 weeks he reported back with cognitive deficit, sensory disturbance, depressed knee jerk, while blood picture and haemoglobin level were improved. What could be the most likely explanation: A. Folic acid was not adequately absorbed resulting in partial response B. Folate therapy has precipitated vitamin B12 deficiency in the neural tissue C. Folate therapy has unmasked pyridoxine deficiency D. Patient has folate reductase abnormality in the nervous system

Description : A patient of megaloblastic anaemia was treated with oral folic acid 5 mg daily. After 2 weeks he reported back with cognitive deficit, sensory disturbance, depressed knee jerk, while ... therapy has unmasked pyridoxine deficiency D. Patient has folate reductase abnormality in the nervous system

Last Answer : D. Patient has folate reductase abnormality in the nervous system

18 years old female weighting 52Kg and 163cm tall. On dental examination erosion of teeth on the most of her lingual surfaces is clearly showing. Dietary history revealed a daily rate of 5000 to 7000 Kcal/day. What is the most probable diagnosis? A. Alcoholism B. Drug abuse C. Bulimia D. Excessive smoking E. Diabetic mellitus type I

Description : 18 years old female weighting 52Kg and 163cm tall. On dental examination erosion of teeth on the most of her lingual surfaces is clearly showing. Dietary history revealed a daily rate of 5000 to 7000 ... . Alcoholism B. Drug abuse C. Bulimia D. Excessive smoking E. Diabetic mellitus type I

Last Answer : C. Bulimia

A 3-year-old child was given one tablet three times a day to control loose motions. The diarrhoea stopped but next day the child was brought in a toxic condition with abdominal distention and vomiting. He had paralytic ileus, mild dehydration, low blood pressure and sluggish reflexes. Which antidiarrhoeal drug could have caused this condition: A. Iodochlorhydroxyquinoline B. Furazolidone C. Loperamide D. Metronidazole

Description : A 3-year-old child was given one tablet three times a day to control loose motions. The diarrhoea stopped but next day the child was brought in a toxic condition with abdominal ... drug could have caused this condition: A. Iodochlorhydroxyquinoline B. Furazolidone C. Loperamide D. Metronidazole

Last Answer : C. Loperamide

n a 50-year-old male without any other coronary artery disease risk factor, hypocholesterolemic drugs are considered necessary when the serum LDLcholesterol level is higher than: A. 130 mg/dl B. 160 mg/dl C. 190 mg/dl D. 240 mg/d

Description : n a 50-year-old male without any other coronary artery disease risk factor, hypocholesterolemic drugs are considered necessary when the serum LDLcholesterol level is higher than: A. 130 mg/dl B. 160 mg/dl C. 190 mg/dl D. 240 mg/d

Last Answer : C. 190 mg/dl

A 45-year-old solicitor had an onset of severe, crushing, substernal chest pain while attending a football match. He collapsed on his way to the car. Bystander Cardiorespiratory Resuscitation was begun immediately and continued until arrival in Casualty where an endotracheal tube was inserted and ventilation was maintained on 100% oxygen. Investigations revealed: pH 7.13 PaO2 560 mmHg PaCO2 18 mmHg Bicarbonate 5.8 SaO2 98% Based on these laboratory values, which of the following statements best describes his current pathophysiology? 1) He is demonstrating a primary respiratory alkalosis 2) He probably developed a large right to left intracardiac shunt 3) His anion gap is probably normal 4) His oxyhemoglobin curve is shifted to the left 5) His pulmonary artery pressure is probably elevated

Description : A 45-year-old solicitor had an onset of severe, crushing, substernal chest pain while attending a football match. He collapsed on his way to the car. Bystander Cardiorespiratory Resuscitation ... His oxyhemoglobin curve is shifted to the left 5) His pulmonary artery pressure is probably elevated

Last Answer : Answers-5 This young patient with severe central chest pain has probably arrested due to myocardial infarction and arrhythmia. His gases reveal high PO2 following 100% O2 but severe acidosis ... no left to right shunting and high pulmonary pressures would be expected after this arrest scenario.

Anyone here, besides me, considering leaving his or her body to a medical school for their anatomy classes?

Description : Anyone here, besides me, considering leaving his or her body to a medical school for their anatomy classes?

Last Answer : I’ll definitely do it. Trust me, the med students appreciate it. I’m going to med school next year and there is actually a shortage of bodies for students to dissect.

Which of the following terms refers to weakness of both legs and the lower part of the trunk? a) Paraparesis Paraparesis is a frequent manifestation of degenerative neurologic disorders.

Description : Which of the following terms refers to weakness of both legs and the lower part of the trunk? a) Paraparesis Paraparesis is a frequent manifestation of degenerative neurologic disorders. b) ... four extremities. d) Paraplegia Paraplegia refers to paralysis of both legs and the lower trunk.

Last Answer : a) Paraparesis Paraparesis is a frequent manifestation of degenerative neurologic disorders.

A 68-year-old male who underwent a repair of an abdominal aortic aneurysm 5 days ago, develops tachycardia, tachypnea, hypotension with cool, pale, mottled cyanotic extremities. He is agitated and complains of shortness of breath. Which of the following statement(s) is/ are correct concerning his diagnosis and management? a. Myocardial ischemia secondary to preexisting coronary artery disease is most likely the underlying cause of this problem b. Invasive hemodynamic monitoring with a Swan-Gantz catheter will demonstrate a low cardiac output, a high systemic vascular resistance, and elevated cardiac filling pressures c. The use of morphine sulphate and nitrates should be part of the initial management d. The primary pharmacologic treatment involves the use of moderate doses of inotropic ag

Description : A 68-year-old male who underwent a repair of an abdominal aortic aneurysm 5 days ago, develops tachycardia, tachypnea, hypotension with cool, pale, mottled cyanotic extremities. He ... use of moderate doses of inotropic agents e. Afterload reduction with nitroprusside is absolutely contraindicated

Last Answer : Answer: a, b, d Intrinsic cardiogenic shock results from failure of the heart as an effective pump. Coronary artery disease is the most common cause of myocardial ... hemodynamic monitoring. Infusion of afterload-reducing agents can be administered in conjunction with inotropic support

Benign migratory glossitis or Geographic Tongue, manifests itself in the oral cavity as, A. Irregularly outlined areas of hyperkeratosis of the dorsal surface of the tongue B. Furrows outlined the dorsal surface radiating out from a central groove in the centre of the tongue C. Loss (atrophy) of filiform papillae in multiple irregularly outlined areas D. Irregularly outlined erythematous area of hyper trophic fungiform E. A fibrinous exudate on the dorsal surface F. Grooves (fissures) radiating from a central fissure G. Irregular area in the midline of the tongue

Description : Benign migratory glossitis or Geographic Tongue, manifests itself in the oral cavity as, A. Irregularly outlined areas of hyperkeratosis of the dorsal surface of the tongue B. Furrows outlined the ... (fissures) radiating from a central fissure G. Irregular area in the midline of the tongue

Last Answer : C. Loss (atrophy) of filiform papillae in multiple irregularly outlined areas

C fibres transmitting pain sensation a. are present in less numbers than A fibres in sensory nerves b. conduct at an average velocity of 2 metres/secon c. convey temperature sensation d. terminate in laminae 2 and 3 of the dorsal horn

Description : C fibres transmitting pain sensation a. are present in less numbers than A fibres in sensory nerves b. conduct at an average velocity of 2 metres/secon c. convey temperature sensation d. terminate in laminae 2 and 3 of the dorsal horn

Last Answer : convey temperature sensation

What is the name of the blood vessels to the legs? a) mesenteric (pron: mez-en-TARE-ik) b) coronary c) renal d) iliac (pron: IL-ee-ak) e) hepatic

Description : What is the name of the blood vessels to the legs? a) mesenteric (pron: mez-en-TARE-ik) b) coronary c) renal d) iliac (pron: IL-ee-ak) e) hepatic

Last Answer : ANSWER: D -- ILIAC

In iron deficiency anaemia, the following is decreased: a. MCV (mean cell volume) b. ferritin c. MCH (mean cell haemoglobin) d. all above

Description : In iron deficiency anaemia, the following is decreased: a. MCV (mean cell volume) b. ferritin c. MCH (mean cell haemoglobin) d. all above

Last Answer : all above

40 year old lady presented with swelling in the right side of the upper part of the neck below the ear lobule for last 10 years. Swelling is painless and gradually growing. On examination of the swelling, the surface is smooth, margins are well defined, and is free from skin and underlying structures. Histologically, architectural pleomorphism is seen. What is the most probable diagnosis Options: 1) Lipoma 2) Rhabdomyosarcoma 3) Chronic sialadenitis 4) Mixed parotid tumour

Description : 40 year old lady presented with swelling in the right side of the upper part of the neck below the ear lobule for last 10 years. Swelling is painless and gradually growing. On examination ... diagnosis Options: 1) Lipoma 2) Rhabdomyosarcoma 3) Chronic sialadenitis 4) Mixed parotid tumour

Last Answer : Correct Answer: 4) Mixed parotid tumour

Which of the following items is considered the single most important factor in assisting the health professional in arriving at a diagnosis or determining the person’s needs? a) History of present illness The history of the present illness is the single most important factor in assisting the health professional in arriving at a diagnosis or determining the person’s needs. b) Physical examination The physical examination is helpful but often only validates the information obtained from the history. c) Diagnostic test results Diagnostic test results can be helpful, but they often only verify rather than establish the diagnosis. d) Biographical data Biographical information puts the health history in context but does not focus the diagnosis.

Description : Which of the following items is considered the single most important factor in assisting the health professional in arriving at a diagnosis or determining the person's needs? a) History of ... data Biographical information puts the health history in context but does not focus the diagnosis.

Last Answer : a) History of present illness The history of the present illness is the single most important factor in assisting the health professional in arriving at a diagnosis or determining the person’s needs.

Select the correct option with respect to cockroaches. (a) Malpighian tubules convert nitrogenous wastes into urea. (b) Males bear short anal styles not present in females. (c) Nervous system comprises of a dorsal nerve cord and ten pairs of ganglia. (d) The forewings are tegmina which are used in fligh

Description : Select the correct option with respect to cockroaches. (a) Malpighian tubules convert nitrogenous wastes into urea. (b) Males bear short anal styles not present in females. (c) Nervous system comprises of a ... cord and ten pairs of ganglia. (d) The forewings are tegmina which are used in fligh

Last Answer : (b) Males bear short anal styles not present in females

A 15-year-old girl was seen by her family physician because of increasing lethargy. She had a recent history of the "flu". Biochemistry tests show that she has renal impairement. serum sodium 140 mmol/L (137 - 144) serum potassium 4.2 mmol/L (3.5 - 4.9) serum urea 28 mol/L (2.5 - 7.5) serum creatinine 280 µmol/L (60 - 110) Her condition does not improve after several weeks on corticosteroid therapy, so a renal biopsy is performed. The biopsy demonstrates the presence of segmental sclerosis of 3 of 10 glomeruli identified in the biopsy specimen. Immunofluorescence studies and electron microscopy do not reveal evidence for immune deposits. What is the most appropriate advice to give regarding her condition? 1) She has an underlying malignancy 2) She may require a renal transplant in 10 years

Description : A 15-year-old girl was seen by her family physician because of increasing lethargy. She had a recent history of the "flu". Biochemistry tests show that she has renal impairement. ... will likely develop a restrictive lung disease 5) She will probably improve with additional corticosteroid therapy

Last Answer : Answers-2 The findings point to focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS), which leads to chronic renal failure in half of cases. The lack of resolution with corticosteroid therapy and the progression to chronic renal failure is what sets FSGS apart from minimal change disease.

Which of the following anatomical considerations is correct: A. optic chiasm lesions characteristically produce a bitemporal hemianopia B. central scotoma occurs early in papilloedema C. in cortical blindness pupillary reactions are abnormal D. optic tract lesions produce an ipsilateral homonymous hemianopia E. opticokinetic nystagmus is found with bilateral infarction of the parieto-occipital lobes

Description : Which of the following anatomical considerations is correct: A. optic chiasm lesions characteristically produce a bitemporal hemianopia B. central scotoma occurs early in papilloedema C. in ... hemianopia E. opticokinetic nystagmus is found with bilateral infarction of the parieto-occipital lobes

Last Answer : Ans: A

Which of the following anatomical considerations is correct: A. optic chiasm lesions characteristically produce a bitemporal hemianopia B. central scotoma occurs early in papilloedema C. in cortical blindness pupillary reactions are abnormal D. optic tract lesions produce an ipsilateral homonymous hemianopia E. opticokinetic nystagmus is found with bilateral infarction of the parieto-occipital lobes

Description : Which of the following anatomical considerations is correct: A. optic chiasm lesions characteristically produce a bitemporal hemianopia B. central scotoma occurs early in papilloedema C. in ... hemianopia E. opticokinetic nystagmus is found with bilateral infarction of the parieto-occipital lobes

Last Answer : Ans: A

Which ONE of the following would be expected in a third nerve palsy? A. Enophthalmos B. Constricted pupil C. Convergent strabismus D. Increased lacrimation E. Unreactive pupil to light

Description : Which ONE of the following would be expected in a third nerve palsy? A. Enophthalmos B. Constricted pupil C. Convergent strabismus D. Increased lacrimation E. Unreactive pupil to light

Last Answer : Ans: E

Sacro-iliac joint is `:-`

Description : Sacro-iliac joint is `:-`

Last Answer : Sacro-iliac joint is `:-` A. Movable B. Immovable C. Imperfect D. None

Sacro-iliac joint is `:-`

Description : Sacro-iliac joint is `:-`

Last Answer : Sacro-iliac joint is `:-` A. Mavable B. Immovable C. Imperfect D. None

Specific drug therapy to lower serum triglycerides (TG) in a subject with normal LDL-cholesterol level is indicated: A. In all subjects with serum TG> 150 mg/dl B. In subjects with existing coronary artery disease and serum TG > 150 mg/dl C. In subjects with HDL-cholesterol < 40 mg/dl and serum TG > 150 mg/dl D. Both 'B' and 'C' are correct

Description : Specific drug therapy to lower serum triglycerides (TG) in a subject with normal LDL-cholesterol level is indicated: A. In all subjects with serum TG> 150 mg/dl B. In subjects with existing coronary artery disease and serum TG ... < 40 mg/dl and serum TG > 150 mg/dl D. Both 'B' and 'C' are correct

Last Answer : D. Both 'B' and 'C' are correct