Description : Aspirin in low doses produces longlasting inhibition of platelet cyclooxygenase (COX) because: A. Platelets contain low quantity of COX B. Platelets cannot synthesize fresh COX molecules C. Platelets bind aspirin with high affinity D. Platelet COX is inducible
Last Answer : B. Platelets cannot synthesize fresh COX molecules
Description : The cyclooxygenase isoenzymes COX-1 and COX-2 differ from each other in that (a) They catalyse different pathways in prostanoid biosynthesis (b) COX–1 is inhibited by aspirin but not COX–2 (c) COX–2 is inhibited by ibuprofen but not COX–1 (d) COX–1 is constitutive while COX–2 is inducible
Last Answer : Ans: D
Description : Low doses of aspirin prolong bleeding time by selectively inhibiting synthesis of the following mediator in the platelets: A. Thromboxane A2 B. 5-Hydroxytryptamine C. Platelet activating factor D. Prostacyclin
Last Answer : A. Thromboxane
Description : The action of aspirin that results in its greater efficacy as an antithrombotic (anti-platelet) drug is its ability to (a) Inhibit lipoxygenase as well as cyclooxygenase (b) Selectively inhibit ... I (c) Inhibit leukocyte migration (d) Promote uric acid excretion (e) Acetylate cyclooxygenase
Last Answer : Ans: E
Description : Which of the following is a reversible inhibitor of platelet cyclooxygenase? (a) Alprostadil (b) Aspirin (c) Ibuprofen (d) LTC4 (e) Misoprostol
Last Answer : Ans: C
Description : Inhibition of thromboxane synthesis by aspirin in platelets lasts for 5-7 days because: A. Aspirin persists in the body for 5-7 days B. Aspirin induced depletion of arachidonic acid lasts 5-7 ... 5-7 days D. Platelets cannot generate fresh thromboxane synthetase and their turnover time is 5-7 days
Last Answer : D. Platelets cannot generate fresh thromboxane synthetase and their turnover time is 5-7 days
Description : Aspirin produces analgesia by (a) Preventing sensitization of peripheral pain receptors (b) Affecting gating of pain impulses at spinal level (c) Raising pain threshold at subcortical level (d) Both (a) and (b)
Description : The distinctive feature of the isoenzyme cyclooxygenase-2 is (a) It is not inhibited by indomethacin (b) It is inducible (c) It generates cytoprotective prostagladins in gastric mucosa (d) It is found only in foetal tissues
Last Answer : Ans: B
Description : The primary objective for designing drugs that selectively inhibit COX - 2 is to (a) Decrease the risk of nephrotoxicity (b) Improve anti-inflammatory effectiveness (c) Lower the ... of treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (e) Selectively decrease thromboxane A2 without effects on other eicosanoids
Description : Morphine has high affinity for the following opioid receptor(s). (a) µ (Mu) (b) k (Kappa) (c) d (Delta) (d) All of the above
Last Answer : Ans: A
Description : The following prostanoid is a potent inducer of platelet aggregation (a) Prostacyclin (b) Prostaglandin E2 (c) Prostaglandin D2 (d) Thromboxane A2
Description : Patients taking chronic doses of nonselective nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) should periodically be screened for which of the following toxicities? (a) Nephrotoxicity (b) Peripheral neuropathy (c) Cardiotoxicity (d) All of the above (e) None of the above
Description : Choose the correct statement about ticlopidine: A. It blocks GPIIb/IIIa receptors on platelet membrane B. It prevents ADP mediated platelet adenylylcyclase inhibition C. It inhibits thromboxane A2 synthesis in platelets D. It does not prolong bleeding time
Last Answer : B. It prevents ADP mediated platelet adenylylcyclase inhibition
Description : Laboratory monitoring of coagulation and anticoagulation includes testing of platelet function. Which of the following statements is/are true concerning tests of platelet function? a. A ... platelet aggregation should be part of the standard preoperative evaluation of patients using aspirin
Last Answer : Answer: a, c Tests of platelet function include peripheral platelet counts, bleeding times, and platelet aggregation. Usually, a platelet count of 50,000/mL or more ensures adequate hemostasis ... is not available in most laboratories, probably because of the observer-dependent nature of the test
Description : A patient who has been taking quantities of aspirin might show increased post operative bleeding because aspirin inhibits:** A. Synthesis of thromboxane A2 and prevents platelet aggregation B. ... network E. Increase the absorption of vitamin K and prevents synthesis of blood clotting factors
Last Answer : A. Synthesis of thromboxane A2 and prevents platelet aggregation
Description : The termination of heparin activity by protamine sulfate is due to (a) A chelating action (b) The inhibition of gastrointestinal absorption of heparin (c) The displacement of heparin-plasma protein binding (d) An acid-base interaction (e) The prothrombin-like activity of protamine
Description : In the treatment of chronic inflammatory diseases, the most important limitation of aspirin is (a) Acid – base and electrolytc disturbances (b) Hypersensitivity and idiosyncratic reactions (c) Gastric mucosal damage (d) Salicylism
Description : Aspirin reduces fever by (a) Decreasing heat production in the body (b) Enhancing cutaneous blood flow (c) Inducing sweating (d) Both (b) and (c)
Description : An opioid analgesic is preferred over aspirin like analgesic in the following condition. (a) Acute gout (b) Burn (c) Toothache (d) Neuralgia
Description : Instead of being effective in hyperuricaemia following drug is contradictred in the treatment of gout (a) Indomethacin (b) Diclofenac (c) Piroxicam (d) Aspirin
Description : Which of the following is an irreversible inhibitor of cyclooxygenase ? (a) Aspirin (b) Phenylbutazone (c) Indomethacin (d) Piroxicam
Description : Which type of patient is most likely to hypersensitive to aspirin? (a) Intrinsic asthamatic (b) Extrinsic asthamatic (c) Chronic bronchitic (d) Patient with viral injection (e) Both (c) and (d)
Description : Potential adverse effects associated with aspirin include all of the following except (a) Gastrointestinal ulceration (b) Renal dysfunction (c) Enhanced methotrexate toxicity (d) Cardiac arrhythmias (e) Hypersensitivity asthma
Description : All of the following medications should not be used routinely in pregnant patients during the third trimester except (a) Acetaminophen (b) Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (c) Warfarin (d) Lithium (e) Aspirin
Description : A 65-year-old is interested in taking ginkgo. Which of the following statements is correct regarding ginkgo? (a) Ginkgo is contraindicated in diabetes and pregnancy (b) There is a ... drug-herb interaction between ginkgo and phenelzine (e) Ginkgo is contraindicated in patients with gallstone pain
Description : Which of the following medications would represent arthritis therapy that is least likely to cause gastric ulceration? (a) Aspirin (b) Acetaminophen (c) Piroxicam (d) Meclofenamate (e) Rofecoxib
Description : Which of the following compounds is most likely to lower circulating levels of leukotrienes? (a) Zileuton (b) Montelukast (c) Carprofen (d) Aspirin (e) Allopurinol
Description : Accidental poisonings are common with both aspirin and ibuprofen, two OC drugs available in tasty chewable tablets. In cases of overdose, aspirin is more likely than ibuprofen to cause (a) ... Instability (b) Hepatic necrosis (c) Metabolic acidosis (d) Thrombocytopenia (e) Ventricular arrhythmias
Description : The toxicity spectrum of aspirin does not include (a) Increased risk of encephalopathy in children with viral infections (b) Increased risk of peptic ulcers (c) Hyperprothrombinemia (d) Metabolic acidosis (e) Respiratory alkalosis
Description : A 45-year-old surgeon has developed symmetric early morning stiffness in her hands. She wishes to take a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug to relieve these symptoms and wants to avoid gastrointestinal side ... appropriate? (a) Aspirin (b) Celecoxib (c) Ibuprofen (d) Indomethacin (e) Piroxicam
Description : The main advantage of ketorolac over aspirin is that ketorolac (a) Can be combined more safely with an opioid such as codeine (b) Can be obtained as an over-the-counter agent (c) Does not ... (e) Is less likely to cause acute renal failure in patients with some preexisting degree of renal impairment
Description : Which one of the following drugs is not useful in dysmenorrhea? (a) Aspirin (b) Colchicine (c) Ibuprofen (d) Rofecoxib (e) Naproxen
Description : Which of the following statements concerning platelets is INCORRECT. Platelets: a) contain DNA b) are roughly disk-shaped c) have little ability to synthesize proteins d) are between 1/2 and 1/3 the diameter of the red cell
Last Answer : ANSWER: A -- contain DNA
Description : The organophosphates produce irreversible inhibition of cholinesterase because: A. They bind to an allosteric site of the enzyme resulting in unfavourable conformation of esteratic site to bind ... degradation of enzyme molecules D. They are neither metabolized nor excreted from the body
Last Answer : B. Regeneration time of the phosphorylated enzyme is longer than the turnover time of the enzyme molecules
Description : Morphine produces analgesia by acting at (a) Peripheral pain receptors (b) A spinal site (c) Suspraspinal sites (d) Both (b) and (c)
Description : .Gene regulation governing lactose operon of E.coli that involves the lac I gene product is (a) negative and repressible because repressor protein prevents transcription (b) feedback inhibition ... be induced by lactose (d) negative and inducible because repressor protein prevents transcription.
Last Answer : (d) negative and inducible because repressor protein prevents transcription.
Description : Gene regulation governing lactose operon of E.coli that involves the lac I gene product is (a) negative and repressible because repressor protein prevents transcription (b) feedback inhibition ... be induced by lactose (d) negative and inducible because repressor protein prevents transcription.
Description : Selective COX-2 inhibitors differ from nonselective COX-1/COX-2 inhibitors in that they: A. Are antiinflammatory but not analgesic B. Donot bring down fever C. Have no renal effects D. Do not inhibit platelet aggregation
Last Answer : D. Do not inhibit platelet aggregation
Description : The isoenzyme cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) is expressed constitutively at the following site: A. Gastric mucosa B. Neutrophils C. Blood platelets D. Juxtaglomerular apparatus
Last Answer : D. Juxtaglomerular apparatus
Description : Mini-dose heparin has been shown to be useful in the prophylaxis of postoperative venous thrombosis. Mechanism(s) by which low-dose heparin is/are thought to protect against venous ... aggregation and subsequent platelet release action d. A mild prolongation of activated partial thromboplastin time
Last Answer : Answer: a, b, c Low-dose heparin is thought to protect against venous thrombosis through three different mechanisms. First, antithrombin III activity with its inhibition of activated Factor X is ... release reaction. The standard doses of heparin administered (5000 units bid) does not affect aPTT
Description : A man has an Escherichia coli bacteremia with a low-grade fever (101.6°F). Appropriate management of his fever would be (a) Give acetaminophen 650 mg orally every 4 hours (b) Give aspirin 650 ... fever curve to monitor his response to antibiotic therapy (e) Use tepid water baths to reduce the fever
Description : Which of the following is seen at low (analgesic) doses of aspirin: A. Respiratory stimulation B. Increased occult blood loss in stools C. Increased cardiac output D. Hyperglycaemia
Last Answer : B. Increased occult blood loss in stools
Description : The following is true of heparin except: A. Sudden stoppage of continuous heparin therapy causes rebound increase in blood coagulability B. High doses of heparin inhibit platelet aggregation ... active circulating anticoagulant D. Heparin clears lipemic plasma in vivo but not in vitro
Last Answer : C. Heparin is the physiologically active circulating anticoagulant
Description : The cyclooxygenase isoenzymes COX-1 and COX-2 differ from each other in that: A. They catalyse different pathways in prostanoid biosynthesis B. COX-1 is inhibited by aspirin but not COX-2 C. COX-2 is inhibited by ibuprofen but not COX-1 D. COX-1 is constitutive while COX-2 is largely
Last Answer : D. COX-1 is constitutive while COX-2 is largely
Description : Colchicine is used mainly to treat (a) Gout (b) Arthiritis (c) Diabetes (d) Carcinomas (e) High blood pressure
Description : Selective inhibition of thromboxane A2 synthesis by low dose aspirin therapy might retard the progression of: A. Pregnancy induced hypertension B. Steroid induced hypertension C. Renal hypertension D. Malignant hypertension
Last Answer : A. Pregnancy induced hypertension
Description : Which of the following statement(s) is/are correct concerning the immunoinflammatory response to shock? a. The anaphylactoxins, C3a and C5a, are products of activation of only the classical pathway ... effects d. Platelet-activating factor can be released by both circulating and fixed tissue cells
Last Answer : Answer: d Inflammatory mediators have recently been recognized as playing a significant role in the clinical manifestations and progression of shock and the development ... increased pulmonary vascular resistance, bronchoconstriction, peripheral vasodilatation, and increased vascular permeability
Description : Which of the following statement(s) is/are true concerning heparin-associated thrombocytopenia? a. Heparin-associated thrombocytopenia occurs only in the face of over anticoagulation with heparin b. ... d. Heparin-associated thrombocytopenia may be seen within hours of initiation of heparin therapy
Last Answer : Answer: b, c Heparin-associated thrombocytopenia occurs in 0.6% to 30% of patients who receive heparin, although severe thrombocytopenia (platelet counts less than 100,000) is seen in ... as coating on pulmonary artery catheters or low rate infusion into arterial catheters may cause this syndrome
Description : Which of the following terms refers to an abnormal decrease in white blood cells, red blood cells, and platelets? a) Pancytopenia Pancytopenia may be congenital or acquired. b) Anemia ... of WBCs in circulation. d) Thrombocytopenia Thrombocytopenia refers to a lower-than-normal platelet count.
Last Answer : a) Pancytopenia Pancytopenia may be congenital or acquired.