Description : T cell receptors (or TCR) on CD4+ T cells A.recognize peptides not associated with MHC molecules B.recognize peptides associated with MHC class I molecules C.recognize peptides associated with MHC class II molecules D.are secreted out into the environment to bind antigens
Last Answer : C.recognize peptides associated with MHC class II molecules
Description : Which of the following is correct? A- All T Cells are CD4+ B- An epitope can have multiple antigens C- .T Cell receptors are generated by random assortment of gene cassettes D- .MHC Class II molecules are generated by random assortment of gene cassettes
Last Answer : .T Cell receptors are generated by random assortment of gene cassettes
Description : cell receptors (or TCR) on CD4+ T cells A-recognize peptides not associated with MHC molecules B- recognize peptides associated with MHC class I moleculesC- recognize peptides associated with MHC class II molecules D- are secreted out into the environment to bind antigens
Last Answer : recognize peptides associated with MHC class II molecules
Description : The unique sets of proteins that present antigens on the surfaces of body cells are a. MHC proteins. b. Cytokines. c. Complement proteins. d. Immunoglobulins.
Last Answer : b. Cytokines.
Description : The cytotoxic T cells have a_____ co-receptor while the helper T cells have a _____ co-receptor. a. CD8. CD4 b. CD4, CD8 c. MHCI, MHCII d. MHCII, MHCI
Last Answer : a. CD8. CD4
Description : Cytotoxic T-cells can be recognized by which of the following cell surface marker? A- CD4 B- CD7 C- CD8 D- CD9
Last Answer : CD8
Description : Which of the following is correct for CD8 T cells? A- CD8 T cells only recognize virus-infected cells B- CD8 T cell receptor recognizes epitopes that are also commonly recognized by B cells ... selection only D- CD8 T cells can kill individual virus-infected cells in a contact dependent fashion
Last Answer : CD8 T cells can kill individual virus-infected cells in a contact dependent fashion
Description : The following are true about antigen presenting cells (APC): a. Langerhan's cells are the antigen presenting cells of the epidermis b. CD8+ cells only recognize antigen presenting cells bearing ... necrosis factor alpha (TNF ) can turn endothelial cells into antigen presenting cells d. all above
Last Answer : all above
Description : MHC Class II proteins, in conjunction with antigens, are recognised by (A) Cytotoxic T cells (B) Helper T cells (C) Suppressor T cells (D) Memory T cells
Last Answer : Answer : B
Description : MHC class I proteins, in conjunction with antigens are recognised by (A) Cytotoxic T cells (B) Helper T cells (C) Suppressor T cells (D) Memory T cells
Last Answer : Answer : A
Description : MHC class I proteins are present on the surface of (A) B cells only (B) T cells only (C) Macrophages only(D) All cells
Last Answer : Answer : D
Description : T cells can recognise (A) Free antigens (B) Antigens bound to cells (C) Antigens bound to antibodies (D) Antigens bound to MHC proteins
Description : MHC class II proteins are present on the surface of (A) All cells (B) B lymphocytes only (C) Macrophages only (D) Macrophages and B lymphocytes
Description : Variable regions are present in (A) Immunoglobulins (B) α-Chains of T cell receptors (C) β-Chains of T cell receptors (D) All of these
Description : . MHC class I proteins would be found on___________ whereas MHC class II proteins would be found on_____________ a. Nucleated Cells; Plasma Cells b. Nucleated Cells; Macrophages c. Dendritic Cells; Neutrophils d. Only White Blood Cells; Red Blood Cells
Last Answer : b. Nucleated Cells; Macrophages
Description : TH2 cells bind to a. MHC-11/peptide complex on APC cells. b. B cell receptors. c. MHc-1/etid complex on infected cells. d. MHC-11/peptide complex on B cells.
Last Answer : d. MHC-11/peptide complex on B cells.
Description : The following are true about the Fc regions of an immunoglobulins: a. they can be cleaved from the Fab regions by papain b. they are involved in mast cell binding c. they are involved in the activation of the complement cascade d. all above
Description : Antigens that bind directly to MHC proteins without any processing are known as _____. a. epitopes b. haptens c. superantigens d. naïve cells
Last Answer : c. superantigens
Description : CD8 surface antigen is present in A- cytotoxic T cells B- .suppresssor T cells C- both (a) and (b) D- none of these
Last Answer : both (a) and (b)
Description : MHC proteins are unique to (A) Each cell (B) Each organ (C) Each individual (D) Each species
Last Answer : Answer : C
Description : An HIV patient with swollen lymph nodes and CD4 T cell count of would be in stage of HIV disease/AIDS. a. 1,000; stage II b. 700; stage I c. 400; stage III d. 400; stage IV
Last Answer : a. 1,000; stage II
Description : The complement system consists of a series of serum proteins that exist in a quiescent or very low-level state of activation in the uninfected host. Which of the following ... certain complement components serve as chemoattractants to additional cellular components of the host defense mechanism
Last Answer : Answer: a, c, d Complement activation can occur through either classic or alternate (properdin) pathways, both of which eventuate in deposition of terminal complement pathway components on the ... and release of lysosomal enzymes that can directly damage certain target tissues, such as the lung
Description : Plasma proteins act as (A) Buffers (B) Immunoglobulins (C) Reserve proteins (D) All of these
Description : Answer: b, c, d Eosinophils constitute 1% to 3% of the leukocyte population of the bloodstream. They also reside in tissues and they exhibit phagocytic capabilities. They are less ... the cycle of events that result in recruitment and activation of inflammatory cells at sites of inflammation
Last Answer : Cellular injury from oxidants may be manifest by which of the following? a. Cell membrane lipid peroxidation b. DNA strand breaks c. Cytoskeletal disassembly d. ATP depletion
Description : ________ bind to_________ on microbial invaders. a. Toll-like receptors; PAM Ps b. Mast cells; histamine c. Toll-like receptors; complement d. Macrophages; defensins
Last Answer : a. Toll-like receptors; PAM Ps
Description : Receptors for thyroid hormones are present (A) On the cell membrane (B) Across the cell membrane (C) Inside the cells (D) In association with G-proteins
Description : The components of complement system are activated by (A) Microsomal hydroxylation (B) Phosphorylation (C) Glycosylation (D) Proteloysis
Description : Most skin conditions related to HIV disease may be helped primarily by a) highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). The goals of all HIV-related conditions include improvement of CD4 count and ... for the overall treatment of HIV disease; it is not specific for treatment of skin conditions.
Last Answer : a) highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). The goals of all HIV-related conditions include improvement of CD4 count and lowering of viral load. Initiation of HAART (highly active ... conditions related to HIV disease. Symptomatic relief will be required until the skin condition improves.
Description : With regard to interleukins: a. IL-2 is produced mainly by CD8+ cells b. IL-3 stimulates the growth of haemopoietic stem cells c. IL-4 increases the production of IL-1 d. IL-6 stimulates acute phase protein synthesis
Last Answer : IL-6 stimulates acute phase protein synthesis
Description : Macrophages are professional antigen- presenting cells. The protein molecule through which theypresent antigen in human is A.actin B.interleukin C.HLA D.CD8
Last Answer : D.CD8
Description : Macrophages are professional antigen- presenting cells. The protein molecule through whichthey present antigen in human is A- actin B- nterleukin C- HLA D- .CD8
Last Answer : .CD8
Description : The role of complement proteins: (A) Defense (B) Helps immunity of the body (C) Not predicatable (D) None of these
Description : The _____ cell contains on its surface a CD4 receptor site that enhances binding to the macrophage. a. Helper T b. molecular patterns (PAMPs) c. plasma d. B
Last Answer : a. IgG
Description : Which of the following statements reflect the treatment of HIV infection? a) Treatment of HIV infection for an individual patient is based on the clinical condition of the patient, CD4 T cell count level, and ... CD4+ T cells/mm3 or plasma HIV RNA levels exceeding 55,000 copies/mL (RT-PCR assay).
Last Answer : a) Treatment of HIV infection for an individual patient is based on the clinical condition of the patient, CD4 T cell count level, and HIV RNA (viral load). Although specific therapies vary, treatment of ... : the clinical condition of the patient, CD4 T cell count level, and HIV RNA (viral load).
Description : More than 500 CD4+ T lymphocytes/mm3 indicates which stage of HIV infection? a) CDC category A - HIV asymptomatic More than 500 CD4+ T lymphocytes/mm3 indicates CDC category A - HIV asymptomatic. b) ... CDC category C - AIDS Less than 200 CD4+ T lymphocytes/mm3 indicates CDC category C - AIDS.
Last Answer : a) CDC category A - HIV asymptomatic More than 500 CD4+ T lymphocytes/mm3 indicates CDC category A - HIV asymptomatic.
Description : Virus infected cells produce a set of cytokine proteins called _____ that "alert" surrounding cells to the viral threat. a. Interleukin-1 (IL-1) b. Interferon. c. Toll Like Receptors (TLR) d. Acute Phase Proteins
Last Answer : b. Interferon.
Description : Acquired immunity consists of humoral immunity maintained by _____ and _____, and cell-mediated immunity controlled by _____ a. T cells, complement, B cells b. T cells, Interleukin, B cells c. B cells, antibodies, T cells d. B cells, histamine, T cells
Last Answer : c. B cells, antibodies, T cells
Description : Which of the following classes of immunoglobulins is important in immunity to T. vaginalis? A A. IgA B. IgG C. IgE D. IgM
Last Answer : IgA
Description : Hormone receptors that stimulate cAMP production (A) are part of a complex of two proteins that transform the external signal into internal cAMP production (B) are proteins distinct and separate from those ... binding of the hormone (D) are not very specific and bind a number of different hormones
Description : G-proteins act as (A) Hormone carriers (B) Hormone receptors (C) Second messengers (D) Signal transducers
Description : Hormone receptors possess all the following properties except (A) All of them are proteins (B) They possess a recognition domain (C) They bind hormones with a high degree of specificity (D) Number of receptors in a target cell is constant
Description : The vasopressin action(s) mediated by V2 receptors include(s): A. Increased water permeability of collecting duct cells B. Increased urea permeability of collecting duct cells C. Vasoconstriction D. Both 'A' and 'B
Last Answer : D. Both 'A' and 'B
Description : Which of the following statement(s) is/are true concerning the antibody response to an invading antigen? a. All antibodies are composed of one type of heavy and one type of light protein chain b. ... stimulus d. Immunoglobulins A, D, and E play an active role in the circulating humoral response
Last Answer : Answer: a Humoral defenses consist of antibody (immunoglobulin; Ig) and complement. All Ig classes (IgM, IgG, IgA, IgE, IgD) and IgG subclasses are composed of one type (M, G, A, E, D ... exist in smaller amounts in the circulation and do not appear to play a major role as host defense components
Description : The following are true : a. the HLA proteins are found within the cytoplasm of the cells b. HLA class I antigens are expressed on all cells with nuclei c. HLA class II antigens presents ... on chromosome 6 e. HLA tissue typing is carried out in all forms of transplantation to prevent rejection
Last Answer : HLA class I antigens are expressed on all cells with nuclei
Description : Which of the following is a term for mononuclear, granulocytic white blood cells that produce immunoglobulins? a) lymphocytes b) platelets c) erythrocytes (pron: eh-rith-reh-sites) d) none of these
Last Answer : ANSWER: A -- LYMPHOCYTES
Description : Number of proteins belonging to complement system is
Last Answer : Number of proteins belonging to complement system is A. 30 B. 24 C. 18 D. 6
Description : All immunoglobulins contain (A) 4 L chains (B) 4 H chains (C) 3 L chains (D) 2 L chains and 2 H chains
Description : The immunoglobulins are classified on the basis of (A) Light chains (B) Heavy chains (C) Carbohydrate content (D) Electrophoretic mobility
Description : The immunoglobulins are differentiated and also named on the basis of (A) Electrophoretic mobility (B) Heat stability (C) Molecular weight (D) Sedimentaiton coefficient like 7 S, 19 S etc.
Description : Immunoglobulins are characterized by their (A) Heavy chains (B) Molecular weight (C) Light chains (D) Electrophoretic behaviour