Description : All the following statements about carnitine are true except (A) It can be synthesised in the human body (B) It can be synthesized from methionine and lysine (C) It is required for transport of short chain fatty acids into mitochondria (D) Its deficiency can occur due to haemodialysis
Last Answer : Answer : C
Description : Acetyl-CoA is the principal building block of fatty acids. It is produced within the mitochondria and does not diffuse readily into cytosol. The availability of acetyl CoA involves (A) Carnitine acyl transferase (B) Pyruvate dehydrogenase (C) Citrate lyase (D) Thiolase
Description : Saliva contains a lipase which acts on triglycerides having (A) Short chain fatty acids (B) Medium chain fatty acids (C) Long chain fatty acids (D) All of these
Last Answer : Answer : A
Description : Long chain fatty acids penetrate the inner mitochondrial membrane (A) Freely (B) As acyl-CoA derivative (C) As carnitine derivative (D) Requiring Na dependent carrier
Description : A soluble system for synthesis of fatty acids have been isolated from avian liver, required for the formation of long chain fatty acids by this system is (A) ATP (B) Acetyl CoA (C) NADPH (D) All of these
Last Answer : Answer : D
Description : Long chain acyl CoA penetrates mitochondria in the presence of (A) Palmitate (B) Carnitine (C) Sorbitol (D) DNP
Last Answer : Answer : B
Description : Long chain fatty acyl CoA esters are transported across the mitochondrial membrane by (A) cAMP (B) Prostaglandin (C) Carnitine (D) Choline
Description : Long chain fatty acids are first activated to acetyl-CoA in (A) Cytosol (B) Microsomes (C) Nucleus (D) Mitochondria
Description : The fatty acids can be transported into and out of mitochondria through (A) Active transport (B) Facilitated transfer (C) Non-facilitated transfer (D) None of these
Last Answer : B
Description : Activation of fatty acids requires all the following except (A) ATP (B) Coenzyme A (C) Thiokinase (D) Carnitine
Description : The major site for elongation of medium chain fatty acids is (A) Mitochondria (B) Cytosol (C) Microsomes (D) All of these
Description : All the following compounds are members of the electron transport chain except (A) Ubiquinone (B) Carnitine (C) NAD (D) FAD
Description : Acetyl CoA required for extra mitochondrial fatty acid synthesis is produced by (A) Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (B) Citrate lyase (C) Thiolase (D) Carnitine-acyl transferase
Description : Chain elongation of fatty acids in mammalian liver occurs in (A) Nucleus (B) Ribosomes (C) Lysosomes (D) Microsomes
Description : Chain elongation of fatty acids occurring in mammalian liver takes place in which of the following subcellular fractions of the cell? (A) Nucleus (B) Ribosomes (C) Lysosomes (D) Microsomes
Description : De novo synthesis and oxidation of fatty acids differ in the following respect: (A) Synthesis occurs in cytosol and oxidation in mitochondria (B) Synthesis is decreased and oxidation increased by ... synthesis and FAD in oxidation (D) Malonyl CoA is formed during oxidation but not during synthesis
Description : All of the following statements about hypoglycin are true except (A) It is a plant toxin (B) It causes hypoglycaemia (C) It inhibits oxidation of short chain fatty acids (D) It inhibits oxidation of long chain fatty acids
Description : Mitochondrial membrane is permeable to (A) Short chain fatty acids (B) Medium chain fatty acids (C) Long chain fatty acids (D) All of these
Description : Mitochondrial thiokinase acts on (A) Short chain of fatty acids (B) Medium chain fatty acids (C) Long chain fatty acids (D) All of these
Description : Salivary lipase converts dietary triglycerides into (A) Diglycerides and fatty acids (B) Monoglycerides and fatty acids (C) Glycerol and fatty acids (D) All of these
Description : Glycerol released from adipose tissue by hydrolysis of triglycerides is mainly (A) Taken up by liver (B) Taken up by extrahepatic tissues (C) Reutilised in adipose tissue (D) Excreted from the body FATS AND FATTY ACID METABOLISM 85
Description : Lipids are stored in the body mainly in the form of (A) Phospholipids (B) Glycolipids (C) Triglycerides (D) Fatty acids
Description : Diets having a high ratio of polyunsaturated: saturated fatty acids can cause (A) Increase in serum triglycerides (B) Decrease in serum cholesterol (C) Decrease in serum HDL (D) Skin lesions
Description : The major lipid in chylomicrons is (A) Triglycerides (B) Phospholipids (C) Cholesterol (D) Free fatty acids
Description : Where will you find short and medium chain fatty acids?
Last Answer : They are seen in butter, ghee, coconut oil and motherís milk.
Description : C22 and C24, fatty acids required for the synthesis of sphingolipids in brain are formed by (A) De novo synthesis (B) Microsomal chain elongation (C) Mitochondrial chain elongation (D) All of these
Description : Fatty acids are a major energy source for the body. Which of the following statement(s) is/are true concerning the use of fatty acids as an energy source? a. Fatty acids are stored in ... 25% of total nonprotein caloric needs supplied via total parenteral nutrition should be in the form of fat
Last Answer : Answer: a, b, d In most tissues, fatty acids are readily oxidized for energy. They are especially important energy sources for the heart, liver and skeletal muscle. In ... administered to patients receiving total parenteral nutrition should comprise about 5-30% of total nonprotein caloric needs
Description : Insulin regulates fatty acid synthesis by (A) Dephosphorylating of acetyl CoA carboxylase (B) Activating phosphorylase (C) Inhibiting malonyl CoA formation (D) Controlling carnitine-Acyl CoA transferase activity
Description : The main pathway for denovo synthesis of fatty acids occur in (A) Cytosol (B) Mitochondria (C) Microsomes (D) Nucleus
Description : What is the sub cellular site for the βoxidation of fatty acids? (A) Nucleus (B) Mitochondria (C) Lysosome (D) Cytosol
Description : Oxidation of fatty acids occurs (A) In the cytosol (B) In the matrix of mitochondria (C) On inner mitochondrial membrane (D) On the microsomes
Description : De hovo synthesis of fatty acids occurs in (A) Cytosol (B) Mitochondria (C) Microsomes (D) All of these
Description : The acetyl CoA formed on β-oxidation of all long chain fatty acids is metabolized under normal circumstances to (A) CO2 and water (B) Cholesterol (C) Fatty acids (D) Ketone bodies
Description : All long chain fatty acids with even number of carbon atoms are oxidized to a pool of _________ by β-oxidation. (A) CO2 (B) Propionic acid (C) Acetic acid (D) Acetyl CoA
Description : For the activation of long chain fatty acids the enzyme thiokinase requires the cofactor: (A) Mg++ (B) Ca++ (C) Mn++ (D) K+
Description : Long chain fatty acids are first activated to acyl CoA in the (A) Cytosol (B) Mitochodria (C) Ribosomes (D) Microsome
Description : How long chain fatty acids are absorbed?
Last Answer : Long chain fatty acids (chain length more than 14 carbons) are absorbed by forming micelles with the help of bile salts.
Description : It has been suggested that enterocyte-specific fuels be utilized for all patients receiving parenteral nutrition. Theoretically, the benefits of such fuels include: A. Glutamine increases ... parenteral nutrition for patients with chemotherapy toxicity or radiation enteritis is without hazards.
Last Answer : Answer: NONE IS ENTIRELY TRUE DISCUSSION: The use of enterocyte-specific fuels is part of a new and potentially exciting phase of nutritional pharmacology in parenteral nutrition; ... the maintenance of colonocyte-specific nutrition and, in the case of butyrate, ileal enterocyte nutrition
Description : Fatty acids can be transported into and out of cell membrane by (A) Active transport (B) Facilitated transport (C) Diffusion (D) Osmosis
Description : Fatty liver is caused due to accumulation of (A) Fatty acids (B) Cholesterol (C) Phospholipids (D) Triacylglycerol
Description : Retinal exists as an ester with higher fatty acids in the (A) Liver (B) Kidney (C) Lung (D) All of these
Description : The enzyme systems for lengthening and shortening for saturating and desaturating of fatty acids occur in (A) Intestine (B) Muscle (C) Kidney (D) Liver
Description : α-Oxidation of fatty acids occurs mainly in (A) Liver (B) Brain (C) Muscles (D) Adipose tissue
Description : Epinephrine increases the concentration of free fatty acids in plasma by increasing (A) Extramitochondrial fatty acid synthesis (B) Mitochondrial fatty acid chain elongation (C) Microsomal fatty acid chain elongation (D) Lipolysis in adipose tissue
Description : The maximum possible chain length of fatty acids formed in the pathway of de novo synthesis is (A) 16 Carbon atoms (B) 18 Carbon atoms (C) 20 Carbon atoms (D) 24 Carbon atoms
Description : The carbon chain of fatty acids is shortened by 2 carbon atoms at a time. This involves successive reactions catalysed by 4-enzymes. These act the following order: (A) Acetyl CoA dehydrogenase, ... CoA dehydrogenase (D) Enoyl hydrase, β-OH acyl CoA dehydrogenase, acyl CoA dehydrogenase, thiolose,
Description : Fatty acids having chain length of 10 carbon atoms enter the (A) Portal ciruclation (B) Lacteals (C) Systemic circulation (D) Colon
Description : The desaturation and chain elongation system of polyunsaturated fatty acids are greatly diminished in the absence of (A) Insulin (B) Glycagon (C) Epinephrine (D) Thyroxine
Description : What is the product of beta oxidation of odd chain fatty acids?
Last Answer : Propionyl CoA.
Description : What about medium and small chain fatty acids?
Last Answer : Medium chain fatty acids do not require carnitine for transport, so they are easily oxidised.