The essential amino acids (A) must be supplied in the diet because the organism has lost the capacity to aminate the corresponding ketoacids (B) must be supplied in the diet because the human has an impaired ability to synthesize the carbon chain of the corresponding ketoacids (C) are identical in all species studied (D) are defined as these amino acids which cannot be synthesized by the organism at a rate adequate to meet metabolic requirements

The essential amino acids (A) must be supplied in the diet because the organism has lost the capacity to aminate the corresponding ketoacids (B) must be supplied in the diet because the human has an impaired ability to synthesize the carbon chain of the corresponding ketoacids (C) are identical in all species studied (D) are defined as these amino acids which cannot be synthesized by the organism at a rate adequate to meet metabolic requirements
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The essential amino acids (A) Must be supplied in the diet because the organism has lost the capacity to aminate the corresponding ketoacids (B) Must be supplied in the diet because the human has an impaired ability to synthesize the carbon chain of the corresponding ketoacids (C) Are identical in all species studied (D) Are defined as those amino acids which cannot be synthesized by the organism at a rate adequate to meet metabolic requirements

Description : The essential amino acids (A) Must be supplied in the diet because the organism has lost the capacity to aminate the corresponding ketoacids (B) Must be supplied in the diet because the ... amino acids which cannot be synthesized by the organism at a rate adequate to meet metabolic requirements

Last Answer : Answer : B

Oxidative conversion of many amino acids to their corresponding -ketoacids occurs in mammalian: (A) Liver and kidney (B) Adipose tissue (C) Pancreas (D) Intestine

Description : Oxidative conversion of many amino acids to their corresponding -ketoacids occurs in mammalian: (A) Liver and kidney (B) Adipose tissue (C) Pancreas (D) Intestine

Last Answer : Answer : A

Increased serum alanine during fasting is due to (A) Breakdown of muscle proteins (B) Decreased utilization of non essential amino acids (C) Leakage of aminoacids to plasma (D) Impaired renal function

Description : Increased serum alanine during fasting is due to (A) Breakdown of muscle proteins (B) Decreased utilization of non essential amino acids (C) Leakage of aminoacids to plasma (D) Impaired renal function

Last Answer : Answer : A

Non essential amino acids (A) Are not components of tissue proteins (B) May be synthesized in the body from essential amino acids (C) Have no role in the metabolism (D) May be synthesized in the body in diseased states

Description : Non essential amino acids (A) Are not components of tissue proteins (B) May be synthesized in the body from essential amino acids (C) Have no role in the metabolism (D) May be synthesized in the body in diseased states

Last Answer : Answer : B

Non essential amino acids (A) Are not components of tissue proteins (B) May be synthesized in the body from essential amino acids (C) Have no role in the metabolism (D) May be synthesized in the body in diseased states

Description : Non essential amino acids (A) Are not components of tissue proteins (B) May be synthesized in the body from essential amino acids (C) Have no role in the metabolism (D) May be synthesized in the body in diseased states

Last Answer : (B) May be synthesized in the body from essential amino acids

All of the following statements about nonsense codons are true except (A) They do not code for amino acids (B) They act as chain termination signals (C) They are identical in nuclear and mitochondrial DNA (D) They have no complementary anticodons

Description : All of the following statements about nonsense codons are true except (A) They do not code for amino acids (B) They act as chain termination signals (C) They are identical in nuclear and mitochondrial DNA (D) They have no complementary anticodons

Last Answer : Answer : C

A fatty acid which is not synthesized in human body and has to be supplied in the diet is (A) Palmitic acid (B) Oleic acid (C) Linoleic acid (D) Stearic acid

Description : A fatty acid which is not synthesized in human body and has to be supplied in the diet is (A) Palmitic acid (B) Oleic acid (C) Linoleic acid (D) Stearic acid

Last Answer : Answer : C

A fatty acid which is not synthesized in human body and has to be supplied in the diet: (A) Palmitic acid (B) Oleic acid (C) Linoleic acid (D) Stearic acid

Description : A fatty acid which is not synthesized in human body and has to be supplied in the diet: (A) Palmitic acid (B) Oleic acid (C) Linoleic acid (D) Stearic acid

Last Answer : Answer : C

Which of the following statement(s) is/are true concerning metabolic derangements in sepsis and the systemic inflammatory response syndrome which may follow progressive shock? a. Alterations in glucose metabolism lead to the development of efficient substrate utilization b. A progressive rise in serum triglyceride levels result from less efficient clearance and increased hepatic lipogenesis c. A net negative nitrogen balance occurs due to the oxidative metabolism of proteins to meet energy needs d. The serum aromatic amino acids fall rapidly as they are actively used in oxidative metabolism

Description : Which of the following statement(s) is/are true concerning metabolic derangements in sepsis and the systemic inflammatory response syndrome which may follow progressive shock? a. Alterations in glucose ... The serum aromatic amino acids fall rapidly as they are actively used in oxidative metabolism

Last Answer : Answer: b, c A broad spectrum of metabolic abnormalities become apparent in sepsis and the systemic inflammatory response syndrome following shock. Disruption of the normal cycles of carbohydrate, ... acetyl coenzyme A. This results in reduced serum level of leucine, isoleucine and valine

Thyroid stimulating hormone is a dimer. The α-subunits of TSH, LH, FSH are identical. Thus the biological specificity must therefore be β subunit in which the number of amino acids is (A) 78 (B) 112 (C) 130 (D) 199

Description : Thyroid stimulating hormone is a dimer. The α-subunits of TSH, LH, FSH are identical. Thus the biological specificity must therefore be β subunit in which the number of amino acids is (A) 78 (B) 112 (C) 130 (D) 199

Last Answer : Answer : B

All the following statements about carnitine are true except (A) It can be synthesised in the human body (B) It can be synthesized from methionine and lysine (C) It is required for transport of short chain fatty acids into mitochondria (D) Its deficiency can occur due to haemodialysis

Description : All the following statements about carnitine are true except (A) It can be synthesised in the human body (B) It can be synthesized from methionine and lysine (C) It is required for transport of short chain fatty acids into mitochondria (D) Its deficiency can occur due to haemodialysis

Last Answer : Answer : C

Which one of the following statements is fully correct? (A) Hormones are needed in the diet (B) Hormones can be elaborated only by endocrine glands (C) All the hormones enter the cells and perform their function (D) Hormones are substance synthesized in the body in small quantities and control and regulate metabolic events

Description : Which one of the following statements is fully correct? (A) Hormones are needed in the diet (B) Hormones can be elaborated only by endocrine glands (C) All the hormones enter the ... (D) Hormones are substance synthesized in the body in small quantities and control and regulate metabolic events

Last Answer : Answer : D

A fatty acid which is not synthesized in the body and has to be supplied in the diet is (A) Palmitic acid (B) Lauric acid (C) Linolenic acid (D) Palmitoleic acid

Description : A fatty acid which is not synthesized in the body and has to be supplied in the diet is (A) Palmitic acid (B) Lauric acid (C) Linolenic acid (D) Palmitoleic acid

Last Answer : Answer : C

Which statement is wrong for viruses? (a) All are parasites. (b) All of them have helical symmetry. (c) They have ability to synthesize nucleic acids and proteins. (d) Antibiotics have no effect on them

Description : Which statement is wrong for viruses? (a) All are parasites. (b) All of them have helical symmetry. (c) They have ability to synthesize nucleic acids and proteins. (d) Antibiotics have no effect on them

Last Answer : (b) All of them have helical symmetry

100. Which statement is wrong for viruses ? (1) Antibiotics have no effect on them (2) All are parasites (3) All of them have helical symmetry (4) They have ability to synthesize nucleic acids and proteins

Description : 100. Which statement is wrong for viruses ? (1) Antibiotics have no effect on them (2) All are parasites (3) All of them have helical symmetry (4) They have ability to synthesize nucleic acids and proteins

Last Answer : All of them have helical symmetry

Where do plants synthesize protein from? (1) Fatty Acids (2) Sugar (3) Amino Acids (4) Starch

Description : Where do plants synthesize protein from? (1) Fatty Acids (2) Sugar (3) Amino Acids (4) Starch

Last Answer : (3) Amino Acids Explanation: Amino acids are the molecular building blocks of proteins. So proteins are synthesized from them. Essential ami acids are histidine, isoleucine, leucine, methionine, phenyl lanine, threonine, tryptophan, valine, and lysine.

All of the following statements about aspartate are true except (A) It is non-essential amino acid (B) It is a dicarboxylic amino acid (C) It can be synthesized from pyruvate and glutamate (D) It can be converted into asparagine

Description : All of the following statements about aspartate are true except (A) It is non-essential amino acid (B) It is a dicarboxylic amino acid (C) It can be synthesized from pyruvate and glutamate (D) It can be converted into asparagine

Last Answer : Answer : C

In metabolic point of view, amino acids are classified as (A) Glycogenic (B) Ketogenic (C) Glycogenic or Ketogenic (D) All of these

Description : In metabolic point of view, amino acids are classified as (A) Glycogenic (B) Ketogenic (C) Glycogenic or Ketogenic (D) All of these

Last Answer : Answer : D

Which of the following statements concerning perioperative nutrition is true concerning the above-described patient? a. Since the patient’s weight had been stable with no preoperative nutritional deficit, 5% dextrose intravenous solutions are adequate for the initial postoperative source of nutrition b. Preoperative immunologic status should be determined including total peripheral lymphocyte count and delayed hypersensitivity reaction to determine skin-test response to common antigens c. Routine postoperative fluid administration with intravenous 5% glucose solutions can provide the calories to meet basal energy requirements d. A jejunal feeding catheter should be placed at the time of surgery for postoperative enteral feeding

Description : Which of the following statements concerning perioperative nutrition is true concerning the above-described patient? a. Since the patient's weight had been stable with no preoperative nutritional deficit ... feeding catheter should be placed at the time of surgery for postoperative enteral feeding

Last Answer : Answer: a Most patients undergoing elective operations are adequately nourished. Unless the patient has suffered significant preoperative malnutrition, characterized by weight loss greater than ... gastrointestinal surgery, this technique would not appear indicated in the patient described above

The fact that DNA bears the genetic information of an organism implies that (A) Base composition should be identical from species to species (B) DNA base composition should charge with age (C) DNA from different tissues in the same organism should usually have the same base composition (D) DNA base composition is altered with nutritional state of an organism

Description : The fact that DNA bears the genetic information of an organism implies that (A) Base composition should be identical from species to species (B) DNA base composition should charge with age (C) ... the same base composition (D) DNA base composition is altered with nutritional state of an organism

Last Answer : Answer : C

Glycine is a unique amino acid because it (a) has no chiral carbon (b) has a sulfur containing R group (c) cannot form a peptide bond (d) is an essential amino acid

Description : Glycine is a unique amino acid because it (a) has no chiral carbon (b) has a sulfur containing R group (c) cannot form a peptide bond (d) is an essential amino acid

Last Answer : has no chiral carbon

Which of the following statement(s) is/are true concerning the treatment of MOFS? a. Prevention and therapy of MOFS requires control of the infectious or inflammatory source b. Restoration of normal clinical parameters such as blood pressure, pulse rate, and urine output ensures optimal resuscitation in most patients c. Branch chain amino acids play and important role in the nutritional support of the patient d. Because of the nature of gut injury, total parenteral nutrition is preferred for most patients with MOFS

Description : Which of the following statement(s) is/are true concerning the treatment of MOFS? a. Prevention and therapy of MOFS requires control of the infectious or inflammatory source b. Restoration of normal ... of the nature of gut injury, total parenteral nutrition is preferred for most patients with MOFS

Last Answer : Answer: a, c The therapy of MOFS is directed towards interrupting the involving pathophysiologic process and providing an optimal physiologic environment for healing and recovery. ... Enteral absorption and processing of nutrients appears superior to TPN and lessens overall complications

Consider the following statements: 1. Normal diet should contain 75gm of fat. 2. Fatty acids should be a part of human diet. 3. The cells of the human body cannot synthesise any fatty acids. 4. Deficiency diseases develop due to the absence of unsaturated fatty acids called essential fatty acids. Which of the above statements are correct? (a) 1, 2 (b) 2, 3 (c) 1, 2, 3, 4 (d) 1, 2, 4

Description : Consider the following statements: 1. Normal diet should contain 75gm of fat. 2. Fatty acids should be a part of human diet. 3. The cells of the human body cannot synthesise any fatty acids. 4. Deficiency diseases develop due to the absence ... correct? (a) 1, 2 (b) 2, 3 (c) 1, 2, 3, 4 (d) 1, 2, 4

Last Answer : Ans:(b)

Bence-Jones proteins possess all the following properties except (A) They are dimers of light chains (B) Their amino acids sequences are identical (C) Their N-terminal halves have variable amino acid sequences (D) Their C-terminal halves have constant amino acid sequences

Description : Bence-Jones proteins possess all the following properties except (A) They are dimers of light chains (B) Their amino acids sequences are identical (C) Their N-terminal halves have variable amino acid sequences (D) Their C-terminal halves have constant amino acid sequences

Last Answer : Answer : B

Living cells have the unique ability to synthesize only _________ the form of optical isomer due to _________. (A) ‘d’ form, stereospecific enzymes (B) ‘l’ form stereospecific enzymes (C) ‘d’ form, DNA (D) ‘L’ form, DNA

Description : Living cells have the unique ability to synthesize only _________ the form of optical isomer due to _________. (A) ‘d’ form, stereospecific enzymes (B) ‘l’ form stereospecific enzymes (C) ‘d’ form, DNA (D) ‘L’ form, DNA

Last Answer : Answer : B

A characteristic of protein synthesis in both the archaea and eukarya is A.transcription and translation are coupled B.translation is inhibited by diphtheria toxin C.proteins are synthesized from D-, rather than L-, isomers of amino acids D.the initiator tRNA is charged with N-formyl- methionine

Description : A characteristic of protein synthesis in both the archaea and eukarya is A.transcription and translation are coupled B.translation is inhibited by diphtheria toxin C.proteins are synthesized from D-, ... L-, isomers of amino acids D.the initiator tRNA is charged with N-formyl- methionine

Last Answer : C.proteins are synthesized from

A characteristic of protein synthesis in both the archaea and eukarya is A- transcription and translation are coupled B- translation is inhibited by diphtheria toxin C- .proteins are synthesized from D-, rather than L-, isomers of amino acids D- the initiator tRNA is charged with N-formyl-methionine

Description : A characteristic of protein synthesis in both the archaea and eukarya is A- transcription and translation are coupled B- translation is inhibited by diphtheria toxin C- .proteins are synthesized from D-, rather than L-, isomers of amino acids D- the initiator tRNA is charged with N-formyl-methionine

Last Answer : .proteins are synthesized from D-, rather than L-, isomers of amino acids

In contrast to a patient undergoing an elective operation, which of the following statement(s) is/are true concerning a patient who has suffered a multiple trauma? a. Basal metabolic rates are similar b. The patient is highly sensitive to insulin c. Utilization of the amino acids, glutamine and alanine, is similar to their composition in skeletal muscle d. Fat and protein stores are rapidly depleted

Description : In contrast to a patient undergoing an elective operation, which of the following statement(s) is/are true concerning a patient who has suffered a multiple trauma? a. Basal metabolic rates are ... is similar to their composition in skeletal muscle d. Fat and protein stores are rapidly depleted

Last Answer : Answer: b, d The degree of hypermetabolism is generally related to the severity of injury. Patients with long-bone fractures have a 15-25% increase in metabolic rate, whereas metabolic ... in injured subjects, if unfed, severely injured patients rapidly deplete their fat and protein stores

Pick out the wrong statement. (A) Nitrogen is normally supplied in fertiliser either in Ammoniacal or the nitrate form, from which the soil takes it up in the form of ammonium ions ornitrate ions and forms amino acids(B) Calcium present in the fertiliser helps in correcting the soil acidity(C) Particle size range of a good granular fertiliser is 10-15 mesh and itcontains less moisture as compared to finely divided powder form of fertiliser(D) Ammonium nitrate fertiliser is obtained as a by-product in an integratedsteel plant having by-product coke ovens

Description : Pick out the wrong statement. (A) Nitrogen is normally supplied in fertiliser either in Ammoniacal or the nitrate form, from which the soil takes it up in the form of ammonium ions ornitrate ... nitrate fertiliser is obtained as a by-product in an integrated steel plant having by-product coke ovens

Last Answer : (D) Ammonium nitrate fertiliser is obtained as a by-product in an integrated steel plant having by-product coke ovens

Amino acid residues which are essential for the biological activity of PTH are (A) N-terminal 34 amino acids (B) N-terminal 50 amino acids (C) C-terminal 34 amino acids (D) C-terminal 50 amino acids

Description : Amino acid residues which are essential for the biological activity of PTH are (A) N-terminal 34 amino acids (B) N-terminal 50 amino acids (C) C-terminal 34 amino acids (D) C-terminal 50 amino acids

Last Answer : Answer : A

The number of nutritionally essential amino acids for man is (A) 6 (B) 8 (C) 10 (D) 12

Description : The number of nutritionally essential amino acids for man is (A) 6 (B) 8 (C) 10 (D) 12

Last Answer : Answer : B

Phrynoderma is a deficiency of (A) Essential fatty acids(B) Proteins (C) Amino acids (D) None of these

Description : Phrynoderma is a deficiency of (A) Essential fatty acids(B) Proteins (C) Amino acids (D) None of these

Last Answer : Answer : A

Marasmus occurs from deficient intake of (A) Essential amino acids (B) Essential fatty acids (C) Calories (D) Zinc

Description : Marasmus occurs from deficient intake of (A) Essential amino acids (B) Essential fatty acids (C) Calories (D) Zinc

Last Answer : Answer : C

Egg is poor in (A) Essential amino acids (B) Carbohydrates (C) Avidin (D) Biotin

Description : Egg is poor in (A) Essential amino acids (B) Carbohydrates (C) Avidin (D) Biotin

Last Answer : Answer : B

Milk is a good source of all of the following except (A) Essential amino acids (B) Vitamin C (C) Galactose (D) Calcium and phosphorous

Description : Milk is a good source of all of the following except (A) Essential amino acids (B) Vitamin C (C) Galactose (D) Calcium and phosphorous

Last Answer : Answer : B

Name the semi-essential amino acids.

Description : Name the semi-essential amino acids.

Last Answer : Histidine and arginine.

Name any three essential amino acids.

Description : Name any three essential amino acids.

Last Answer : Isoleucine, leucine, threonine.

Are non-essential amino acids necessary for the body?

Description : Are non-essential amino acids necessary for the body?

Last Answer : They are also necessary for protein synthesis, but they can be synthesized by the body and need not be essentially present in the diet

How many amino acids are essential?

Description : How many amino acids are essential? 

Last Answer : Eight amino acids are essential; two are semi-es- sential and the rest 10 are non-essential.

What are essential amino acids?

Description : What are essential amino acids?

Last Answer : They cannot be synthesized in the body; and so, they are to be provided in the diet.

Which of the following metabolic effects may be observed in patients with sepsis? a. Increased gluconeogenesis b. Accelerated proteolysis c. Increased lipolysis d. Impaired gut metabolism of glutamine

Description : Which of the following metabolic effects may be observed in patients with sepsis? a. Increased gluconeogenesis b. Accelerated proteolysis c. Increased lipolysis d. Impaired gut metabolism of glutamine

Last Answer : Answer: a, b, c, d A number of metabolic responses to sepsis have been defined. Glucose production is increased in infected patients which appears to be additive to the ... metabolism of lipids from peripheral fat stores is especially prominent during a period of inadequate nutritional support

Metabolic actions of estrogens tend to cause the following except: A. Anabolism B. Impaired glucose tolerance C. Rise in plasma LDL-cholesterol D. Salt and water retention

Description : Metabolic actions of estrogens tend to cause the following except: A. Anabolism B. Impaired glucose tolerance C. Rise in plasma LDL-cholesterol D. Salt and water retention

Last Answer : C. Rise in plasma LDL-cholesterol

Man cannot synthesize vitamin: (A) A (B) B (C) C (D) D

Description : Man cannot synthesize vitamin: (A) A (B) B (C) C (D) D

Last Answer : Answer : C

Animal protein is called first class protein because it is - (1) easily digestible (2) delicious in taste (3) cheaper in the market (4) rich in essential amino acids

Description : Animal protein is called first class protein because it is - (1) easily digestible (2) delicious in taste (3) cheaper in the market (4) rich in essential amino acids

Last Answer : (4) rich in essential amino acids Explanation: Proteins from animals are called 'first class' proteins - they provide all the essential amino acids, including those that the body can't make. Proteins from plants are 'second class' proteins.

Animal protein is called first class protein because it is (1) easily digestible (2) delicious in taste (3) cheaper in the market (4) rich in essential amino acids

Description : Animal protein is called first class protein because it is (1) easily digestible (2) delicious in taste (3) cheaper in the market (4) rich in essential amino acids

Last Answer :  rich in essential amino acids

__________ hormone is a single chain polypeptide having 32 amino acids with molecular weight of 3,600. (A) Testosteron (B) Thyroxine (C) Calcitonine (D) Vasopressin

Description : __________ hormone is a single chain polypeptide having 32 amino acids with molecular weight of 3,600. (A) Testosteron (B) Thyroxine (C) Calcitonine (D) Vasopressin

Last Answer : Answer : C

The number of amino acids in single chain polypeptide glucagons is (A) 21 (B) 29 (C) 31 (D) 39

Description : The number of amino acids in single chain polypeptide glucagons is (A) 21 (B) 29 (C) 31 (D) 39

Last Answer : Answer : B

Insulin is a dimmer. The number of amino acids in the A and B chain respectively is (A) 19 and 28 (B) 21 and 30 (C) 25 and 35 (D) 29 and 38

Description : Insulin is a dimmer. The number of amino acids in the A and B chain respectively is (A) 19 and 28 (B) 21 and 30 (C) 25 and 35 (D) 29 and 38

Last Answer : Answer : B

Abnormal chain of amino acids in sickle cell anaemia is (A) Alpha chain (B) Beta chain (C) Delta chain (D) Gama chain

Description : Abnormal chain of amino acids in sickle cell anaemia is (A) Alpha chain (B) Beta chain (C) Delta chain (D) Gama chain

Last Answer : Answer : B

Abnormal chain of amino acids in sickle cells anaemia is (A) Alpha chain (B) Beta chain (C) Gama chain (D) Delta chain

Description : Abnormal chain of amino acids in sickle cells anaemia is (A) Alpha chain (B) Beta chain (C) Gama chain (D) Delta chain

Last Answer : Answer : B