Description : Activation or inactivation of certain key regulatory enzymes is accomplished by covalent modification of the amino acid: (A) Tyrosine (B) Phenylalanine (C) Lysine (D) Serine
Last Answer : Answer : D
Description : Serum ferroxidase level decreases in (A) Gaucher’s disease (B) Cirrhosis of liver (C) Acute pancreatitis (D) Wilson’s disease ENZYMES 143
Description : Acute pancreatitis can be diagnosed by estimating which enzymes?
Last Answer : Amylase and lipase.
Description : What is the significance of zymogen activation?
Last Answer : Gastro-intestinal enzymes are synthesised in the form of pro-enzymes, and only after secretion into the alimentary canal, they are activated. This prevents autolysis of cellular structural ... form, their activation takes place only when necessity arises. This prevents intravascular coagulation.
Description : Sweat chlorides are increased in (A) Cystic fibrosis (B) Pancreatic cancer (C) Acute pancreatitis (D) None of these
Last Answer : Answer : A
Description : The slow moving fraction of LDH is typically increased in pancreas with (A) Cerebrovascular accidents (B) Acute myocardial infarction (C) Acute pancreatitis (D) Acute viral hepatits
Description : The best test for acute pancreatitis in the presence of mumps is (A) A serological test for mumps (B) Serum amylase (C) Urinary amylase (D) Serum lipase
Description : The most useful test for the diagnosis of acute hemorrhagic pancreatitis during the first few days is (A) Urinary lipase test (B) Serum calcium (C) Urinary amylase (D) Serum amylase
Description : In acute pancreatitis, the enzyme raised in first five days is (A) Serum amylase (B) Serum lactic dehydrogenase (C) Urinary lipase (D) Urinary amylase
Description : Serum lipase level increases in (A) Paget’s disease (B) Gaucher’s disease (C) Acute pancreatitis (D) Diabetes mellitus
Last Answer : Answer : C
Description : Serum lipase is increased in (A) Acute parotitis (B) Acute pancreatitis (C) Infective hepatitis (D) Biliary obstruction
Description : Maximum rise in serum amylase occurs in (A) Acute parotitis (B) Acute pancreatitis (C) Chronic pancreatitis (D) Pancreatic cancer
Last Answer : Answer : B
Description : Serum amylase is increased in (A) Acute parotitis (B) Acute pancreatitis (C) Pancreatic cancer (D) All of these
Description : Hyperglycemic effect of glucocorticoids is due to (A) Inactivation of protein phosphatase (B) Inactivation of fructose 1,6-biphosphatase (C) Stimulation of synthesis of pyruvate carboxylase (D) Stimulation of synthesis of eltroxykinase
Description : The following are true about chemicals involved in allergic reaction: a. thromboxane -leukocyte activation b. prostaglandin-2 - vasodilatation c. platelet-activating factor - leukocyte activation d. heparin - augments inactivation of prostaglandins
Last Answer : prostaglandin-2 - vasodilatation
Description : The characteristic feature(s) of dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers is/are: A. They have minimal negative inotropic action on the heart B. They have no effect on A-V conduction C. They do not affect the activation-inactivation kinetics of the calcium channels D. All of the above
Last Answer : D. All of the above
Description : Semisynthetic penicillins developed so far have overcome the following drawbacks of benzylpenicillin except: A. Lack of efficacy against gram negative bacilli B. Susceptibility to bacterial penicillinase C. Inactivation by gastric acid D. Potential to cause hypersensitivity reactions
Last Answer : D. Potential to cause hypersensitivity reactions
Description : In prokaryotes, chloramphenicol (A) Causes premature release of the polypeptide chain (B) Causes misreading of the mRNA (C) Depolymerises DNA (D) Inhibits peptidyl transferase activity
Description : Radiological ‘Colon cut off sign’ is seen in Options: 1) Acute intussusception 2) Acute lobar pneumonia 3) Acute pancreatitis 4) Crohn’s disease
Last Answer : Correct Answer: 3) Acute pancreatitis
Description : Kehr’s sign is a classical feature of Options: 1) Rupture of liver 2) Acute pancreatitis 3) Acute intestinal obstruction 4) Rupture of spleen
Last Answer : Correct Answer: 4) Rupture of spleen
Description : The main reason why antibodies could not solve all the problems of bacteria mediated disease is (a) decreased efficiency of the immune system (b) insensitivity of the individual ... development of mutant strains resistant to antibodies (d) inactivation of antibiotics by bacterial enzymes.
Last Answer : (c) development of mutant strains resistant to antibodies
Description : All of the following statements about puromycin are true except (A) It is an alanyl tRNA analogue (B) It causes premature termination of protein synthesis (C) It inhibits protein synthesis in prokaryotes (D) It inhibits protein synthesis in eukaryotes
Description : Streptomycin prevents synthesis of polypeptide by (A) Inhibiting initiation process (B) Releasing premature polypeptide (C) Inhibiting peptidyl transferase activity (D) Inhibiting translocation
Description : The semialdehydes are formed under the action of enzymes characterised as (A) Aldolases (B) Peptidyl lysyl oxidases (C) Collagenases (D) Elastases
Description : What triggers activation of protoxin to active toxin of Bacillus thuringiensis in bollworm? (a) Acidic pH of stomach (b) Body temperature (c) Moist surface of midgut (d) Alkaline pH of gut
Last Answer : (d) Alkaline pH of gut
Description : 3 Select the antiemetic that prevents activation of emetogenic afferents in the gut and their central relay in chemoreceptor trigger zone/nucleus tractus solitarious, but has no effect on gastric motility: A. Ondansetron B. Domperidone C. Metoclopramide D. Cisaprid
Last Answer : A. Ondansetron
Description : An enzyme promotes a chemical reaction by (A) Lowering the energy of activation (B) Causing the release of heat which acts as a primer (C) Increasing molecular motion (D) Changing the free energy difference between substrate and product
Description : Enzymes increases the rate of reactions by (A) Increasing the free energy of activation (B) Decreasing the energy of activation (C) Changing the equilibrium constant of the reaction (D) Increasing the free energy change of the reaction
Description : Enzymes increase the rates of reactions by (A) Increasing the free energy of activation (B) Decreasing the energy of activation (C) Changing the equilibrium constant of the reaction (D) Increasing the free energy change of the reaction
Description : Enzymes accelerate the rate of reactions by (A) Increasing the equilibrium constant of reactions (B) Increasing the energy of activation (C) Decreasing the energy of activation (D) Decreasing the free energy change of the reaction
Description : Isoenzymes can be characterized by (A) Proteins lacking enzymatic activity that are necessary for the activation of enzymes (B) Proteolytic enzymes activated by hydrolysis (C) Enzymes with identical primary structure (D) Similar enzymes that catalyse different reaction
Description : Altering the amino acid profile in total parenteral nutrition solutions can be of benefit in certain conditions. Which of the following conditions are associated with a benefit by supplementation with the ... c. Short gut syndrome and glutamine d. Chronic renal failure and essential amino acids
Last Answer : Answer: a, c In a number of conditions, altering the amino acid profile of the total parenteral nutrition solution can be of benefit. TPN with amino acids of high biologic value ... Glutamine-enriched TPN partially attenuates villous atrophy and may be useful in treatment of short gut syndrome
Description : How many high-energy phosphate bond equivalents are required for amino acid activation in protein synthesis? (A) One (B) Two (C) Three (D) Four
Description : Nonsense codons bring about (A) Amino acid activation (B) Initiation of protein synthesis (C) Termination of protein synthesis (D) Elongation of polypeptide chains
Description : In the process of activation of amino acids for protein synthesis, the number of high energy phosphate bond equivalent utilised is (A) 0 (B) 1 (C) 2 (D) 4
Description : Which of the following regulates lipolysis in adipocytes? (A) Activation of fatty acid synthesis mediated by CAMP (B) Glycerol phosphorylation to prevent futile esterification of fatty acids (C) ... result of hormone stimulated increases in CAMP levels (D) Activation of CAMP production by Insulin
Description : If for some reason the parietal cells of the gut epithelium become partially non-functional, what is likely to happen? (a) The pancreatic enzymes and specially the trypsin and lipase will ... more effective. (d) Proteins will not be adequately hydrolysed by pepsin into proteoses and peptones.
Last Answer : (d) Proteins will not be adequately hydrolysed by pepsin into proteoses and peptones.
Description : Oral neomycin is beneficial in hepatic coma because: A. In hepatic failure patients it is absorbed from the intestines B. It decreases ammonia production by gut bacteria C. It reacts chemically with ... gut to prevent its diffusion into blood D. It induces ammonia detoxifying enzymes in the liver
Last Answer : B. It decreases ammonia production by gut bacteria
Description : Fluidised bed reactor is characterised by (A) Uniformity of temperature (B) Comparatively smaller equipment (C) Very small pressure drop (D) Absence of continuous catalyst regeneration facility
Last Answer : (A) Uniformity of temperature
Description : Under certain circumstances, the gut may become a source of sepsis and serve as the motor of systemic inflammatory response syndrome. Microbial translocation is the process by which microorganisms ... intestinal mucosal permeability c. Decreased host defense mechanisms d. Lack of enteral feeding
Last Answer : Answer: a, b, c, d 99 Translocation is promoted in three general ways: 1) altered permeability of the intestinal mucosa as caused by shock, sepsis, distant injury, or cell toxins; 2) ... trauma patient d. Fifty percent of non-nitrogen caloric requirements should be provided in the form of fat
Description : Slurry reactors are characterised by the (A) Lack of intraparticle diffusion resistance (B) Presence of two mobile phases (C) Both (A) and (B) (D) Neither (A) nor (B)
Last Answer : (C) Both (A) and (B)
Description : Zymogen is a (A) Vitamin (B) Enzyme precursor (C) Modulator (D) Hormone
Description : Jamaican vomiting sickness is due to inactivation of the enzyme (A) Pyruvate carboxylase (B) Acyl-Co-A synthetase (C) Acyl-Co-A dehydrogense (D) Thiolase
Description : The zymogen from trypsinogen of pancreatic juice is converted to active trypsin by (A) Peisin (B) Enterocrinin (C) Enterokinase (D) Rennin
Description : Zymogen is (A) An intracellular enzyme (B) Serum enzyme (C) A complete extracellular enzyme (D) An inactivated enzyme
Description : Give an example of zymogen is activated?
Last Answer : By splitting a single peptide bond, and removal of a small polypeptide from trypsinogen, the active trypsin is formed. This results in unmasking of the active centre.
Description : What is zymogen?
Last Answer : It is otherwise called pro-enzyme. Inactive zymogen is activated by removal of a piece of the pro-enzyme.
Description : Select the action of vasopressin exerted through the V1 subtype receptors: A. Release of coagulation factor VIII and von Willebrands factor from vascular endothelium B. Increased peristalsis of gut C. Dilatation of blood vessels D. Increased water permeability of renal collecting ducts
Last Answer : B. Increased peristalsis of gut
Description : In I-cell disease, lysosomal enzymes (A) Are not synthesised (B) Are inactive (C) Lack signal sequence (D) Cannot reach lysosomes