Hypocalcaemia can occur in all the following except (A) Rickets (B) Osteomalacia (C) Hyperparathyroidism (D) Intestinal malabsorption

Hypocalcaemia can occur in all the following except (A) Rickets (B) Osteomalacia (C) Hyperparathyroidism (D) Intestinal malabsorption
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Serum inorganic phosphorous decreases in all the following conditions except (A) Hyperparathyroidism (B) Intestinal malabsorption (C) Osteomalacia (D) Chronic renal failure

Description : Serum inorganic phosphorous decreases in all the following conditions except (A) Hyperparathyroidism (B) Intestinal malabsorption (C) Osteomalacia (D) Chronic renal failure

Last Answer : Answer : D

Clinical uses of Vitamin D do not include (a) Chronic renal failure (b) Hyperparathyroidism (c) Intestinal osteodystrophy (d) Nutritional rickets (e) Osteoporosis

Description : Clinical uses of Vitamin D do not include (a) Chronic renal failure (b) Hyperparathyroidism (c) Intestinal osteodystrophy (d) Nutritional rickets (e) Osteoporosis

Last Answer : Ans: B

Deficiency of vitamin B12 can occur because of (A) Decreased intake of vitamin B12 (B) Atrophy of gastric mucosa (C) Intestinal malabsorption (D) All of these

Description : Deficiency of vitamin B12 can occur because of (A) Decreased intake of vitamin B12 (B) Atrophy of gastric mucosa (C) Intestinal malabsorption (D) All of these

Last Answer : Answer : D

Calcification of soft tissues can occur in (A) Osteomalacia (B) Rickets (C) Hypervitaminosis D (D) None of these

Description : Calcification of soft tissues can occur in (A) Osteomalacia (B) Rickets (C) Hypervitaminosis D (D) None of these

Last Answer : Answer : C

Bowlegs and knock-knees can occur in (A) Rickets (B) Osteomalacia (C) Both A and B (D) Hypervitaminosis D

Description : Bowlegs and knock-knees can occur in (A) Rickets (B) Osteomalacia (C) Both A and B (D) Hypervitaminosis D

Last Answer : Answer : A

Serum biochemistry of a 60 year old man revealed calcium of 1.98 mmol/l and phosphate of 0.55 mmol/l with an alkaline phosphatase of 450 IU/l.Which among the following mosts suits with the above serum biochemistry? 1) Osteoporosis 2) Osteomalacia 3) Pagets Disease 4) Secondary Hyperparathyroidism 5) Renal failure

Description : Serum biochemistry of a 60 year old man revealed calcium of 1.98 mmol/l and phosphate of 0.55 mmol/l with an alkaline phosphatase of 450 IU/l.Which among the following mosts suits ... biochemistry? 1) Osteoporosis 2) Osteomalacia 3) Pagets Disease 4) Secondary Hyperparathyroidism 5) Renal failure

Last Answer : Answers-2 Osteomalacia is associated with low calcium and phosphate with raised alkaline phosphatase. Serum biochemistry is normal in osteoporosis. Pagets disease is associated with normal ... renal failure when tertiary hyperparathyroidism sets in there is low calcium with raised phosphate.

Crohn’s disease is a condition of malabsorption caused by a) inflammation of all layers of intestinal mucosa. Crohn’s disease is also known as regional enteritis and can occur anywhere along the GI tract, but most commonly at the distal ileum and in the colon.

Description : Crohn's disease is a condition of malabsorption caused by a) inflammation of all layers of intestinal mucosa. Crohn's disease is also known as regional enteritis and can occur ... to lactose intolerance. d) gastric resection. Postoperative malabsorption occurs after gastric or intestinal resection.

Last Answer : a) inflammation of all layers of intestinal mucosa. Crohn’s disease is also known as regional enteritis and can occur anywhere along the GI tract, but most commonly at the distal ileum and in the colon.

The product of serum calcium concentration (mg/dl) and serum inorganic phosphorous concentration (mg/dl) is decreased in (A) Rickets (B) Hypoparathyroidism (C) Hyperparathyroidism (D) Renal failure

Description : The product of serum calcium concentration (mg/dl) and serum inorganic phosphorous concentration (mg/dl) is decreased in (A) Rickets (B) Hypoparathyroidism (C) Hyperparathyroidism (D) Renal failure

Last Answer : Answer : A

Positive nitrogen balance is seen in (A) Starvation (B) Wasting diseases (C) Growing age (D) Intestinal malabsorption

Description : Positive nitrogen balance is seen in (A) Starvation (B) Wasting diseases (C) Growing age (D) Intestinal malabsorption

Last Answer : Answer : C

A rise in blood calcium may indicate (A) Paget’s disease (B) Rickets (C) Osteomalacia (D) Hypervitaminosis D

Description : A rise in blood calcium may indicate (A) Paget’s disease (B) Rickets (C) Osteomalacia (D) Hypervitaminosis D

Last Answer : Answer : D

A decrease in the ionized fraction of serum calcium causes (A) Tetany (B) Rickets (C) Osteomalacia (D) Osteoporosis

Description : A decrease in the ionized fraction of serum calcium causes (A) Tetany (B) Rickets (C) Osteomalacia (D) Osteoporosis

Last Answer : Answer : A

Deficiency of Vitamin D leads to (A) Rickets (B) Osteomalacia (C) Xeropthalmia (D) Both (A) and (B)

Description : Deficiency of Vitamin D leads to (A) Rickets (B) Osteomalacia (C) Xeropthalmia (D) Both (A) and (B)

Last Answer : Answer : D

In adults a severe deficiency of vitamin D causes (A) Night blindness (B) Osteomalacia (C) Rickets (D) Skin cancer

Description : In adults a severe deficiency of vitamin D causes (A) Night blindness (B) Osteomalacia (C) Rickets (D) Skin cancer

Last Answer : Answer : B

Hypercalcaemia can occur in all the following except (A) Hyperparathyroidism (B) Hypervitaminosis D (C) Milk alkali syndrome (D) Nephrotic syndrome

Description : Hypercalcaemia can occur in all the following except (A) Hyperparathyroidism (B) Hypervitaminosis D (C) Milk alkali syndrome (D) Nephrotic syndrome

Last Answer : Answer : D

Tetany can occur in (A) Hypocalcaemia (B) Hypercalcaemia (C) Alkalosis (D) Hypocalcaemia and alkalosis

Description : Tetany can occur in (A) Hypocalcaemia (B) Hypercalcaemia (C) Alkalosis (D) Hypocalcaemia and alkalosis

Last Answer : Answer : D

The presence of mucus and pus in the stools suggests a) Inflammatory colitis The presence of mucus and pus in the stools suggests inflammatory colitis or enteritis. b) Small bowel disease Watery stools are characteristic of small bowel disease. c) Disorders of the colon Loose, semisolid stools are associated more often with disorders of the colon. d) Intestinal malabsorption Voluminous, greasy stools suggest intestinal malabsorption.

Description : The presence of mucus and pus in the stools suggests a) Inflammatory colitis The presence of mucus and pus in the stools suggests inflammatory colitis or enteritis. b) Small bowel ... with disorders of the colon. d) Intestinal malabsorption Voluminous, greasy stools suggest intestinal malabsorption.

Last Answer : a) Inflammatory colitis The presence of mucus and pus in the stools suggests inflammatory colitis or enteritis.

Exposure to sunshine and diet rich in fish liver oils, oatmeal and sweet potatoes will not cause the deficiency disease 1. Osteomalacia 2. Osteoporosis and frequent bone fractures 3. Rickets 4. Fatty liver (a) 1, 2 (b) 1, 2, 3 (c) 1, 3 (d) 1, 2, 3, 4

Description : Exposure to sunshine and diet rich in fish liver oils, oatmeal and sweet potatoes will not cause the deficiency disease 1. Osteomalacia 2. Osteoporosis and frequent bone fractures 3. Rickets 4. Fatty liver (a) 1, 2 (b) 1, 2, 3 (c) 1, 3 (d) 1, 2, 3, 4

Last Answer : Ans:(b)

Deposition of uric acid crystals at the joint is the cause of - (1) Arthritis (2) Osteoporosis (3) Osteomalacia (4) Rickets

Description : Deposition of uric acid crystals at the joint is the cause of - (1) Arthritis (2) Osteoporosis (3) Osteomalacia (4) Rickets

Last Answer : (1) Arthritis Explanation: Gout is a medical condition usually characterized by recurrent attacks of acute inflammatory arthritis- a red, tender, hot, swollen joint. It is caused by elevated ... . The uric acid crystallizes, and the crystals deposit in joints, tendons, and surrounding tissues.

Which of the following is a skin disease? (1) Rickets (2) Osteomalacia (3) Anaemia (4) Pellagra

Description : Which of the following is a skin disease? (1) Rickets (2) Osteomalacia (3) Anaemia (4) Pellagra

Last Answer : (4) Pellagra Explanation: Pellagra is a disease caused by low levels of niacin, also known as vitamin B-3. It's marked by dementia, diarrhea, and dermatitis, also known as “the three Ds”.

Rickets and Osteomalacia is caused due to the deficiency of?

Description : Rickets and Osteomalacia is caused due to  the deficiency of?

Last Answer : Vitamin D

Severe deficiency of Vitamin D results in -----. A. scurvy B. rickets (Answer) C. night blindness D. osteomalacia

Description : Severe deficiency of Vitamin D results in -----. A. scurvy B. rickets (Answer) C. night blindness D. osteomalacia

Last Answer : B. rickets (Answer)

Rickets in children and osteomalacia in adult in caused by deficiency of (a) vit. A (b) vit B (c) vit. C (d) vit D

Description : Rickets in children and osteomalacia in adult in caused by deficiency of (a) vit. A (b) vit B (c) vit. C (d) vit D

Last Answer : (d) vit D

Deposition of uric acid crystals at the joint is the cause of (1) Arthritis (2) Osteoporosis (3) Osteomalacia (4) Rickets

Description : Deposition of uric acid crystals at the joint is the cause of (1) Arthritis (2) Osteoporosis (3) Osteomalacia (4) Rickets

Last Answer : Arthritis

A decrease in serum sodium may occur in (A) Adrenocortical insufficiency (B) Hypoparathyroidism (C) Hyperparathyroidism (D) Thyrotoxicosis

Description : A decrease in serum sodium may occur in (A) Adrenocortical insufficiency (B) Hypoparathyroidism (C) Hyperparathyroidism (D) Thyrotoxicosis

Last Answer : Answer : A

Tetany can occur (A) In primary hyperparathyroidism (B) In secondary hyperparathyroidism (C) In idiopathic hypoparathyroidism (D) After accidental removal of parathyroid glands

Description : Tetany can occur (A) In primary hyperparathyroidism (B) In secondary hyperparathyroidism (C) In idiopathic hypoparathyroidism (D) After accidental removal of parathyroid glands

Last Answer : Answer : D

Primary hyperparathyroidism may occur in association with the following conditions 1) Chronic renal failure 2) Vitamin D deficiency 3) Gastrinoma 4) Autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome 5) Sjogren's syndrome

Description : Primary hyperparathyroidism may occur in association with the following conditions 1) Chronic renal failure 2) Vitamin D deficiency 3) Gastrinoma 4) Autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome 5) Sjogren's syndrome

Last Answer : Answers-3 The association of primary hyperparathyroidism and a gastrinoma would suggest a diagnosis of multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1. CRF causes secondary or tertiary hyperparathyroidism, with vit D deficiency causing secondary hyperparathyroidism. Ther is no association with Sjogren's.

Hypocalcaemia affects (A) Skeletal muslces (B) Smooth muscles (C) Cardiac muscles (D) Skeletal muscles + smooth muscles + cardiac muscles

Description : Hypocalcaemia affects (A) Skeletal muslces (B) Smooth muscles (C) Cardiac muscles (D) Skeletal muscles + smooth muscles + cardiac muscles

Last Answer : Answer : D

Which of the following conditions is an indication for the use of calcitonin? (a) Chronic renal failure (b) Hypoparathyroidism (c) Intestinal osteodystrophy (d) Pager’s disease (e) Rickets

Description : Which of the following conditions is an indication for the use of calcitonin? (a) Chronic renal failure (b) Hypoparathyroidism (c) Intestinal osteodystrophy (d) Pager’s disease (e) Rickets

Last Answer : Ans: D

Brown skin pigmentation does not occur in: A. Hyperparathyroidism B. Von Willebrand’s disease C. Addison’s desease

Description : Brown skin pigmentation does not occur in: A. Hyperparathyroidism B. Von Willebrand’s disease C. Addison’s desease

Last Answer : B. Von Willebrand’s disease

The absence of lamina dura in radiographs is a feature of all of these except for:** A. Paget’s disease (hyperphosphatasia) B. Hyperparathyroidism C. Fibrous dysplasia (como querubinismo) D. Osteogenesis imperfecta E. Hyperthyroidism

Description : The absence of lamina dura in radiographs is a feature of all of these except for:** A. Paget’s disease (hyperphosphatasia) B. Hyperparathyroidism C. Fibrous dysplasia (como querubinismo) D. Osteogenesis imperfecta E. Hyperthyroidism

Last Answer : E. Hyperthyroidism

Hypercholesterolemia is found in (A) Xanthomatosis (B) Thyrotoxicosis (C) Hemolytic jaundice (D) Malabsorption syndrom

Description : Hypercholesterolemia is found in (A) Xanthomatosis (B) Thyrotoxicosis (C) Hemolytic jaundice (D) Malabsorption syndrom

Last Answer : Answer : A

Serum LDL has been found to be increased in (A) Obstructive jaundice (B) Hepatic jaundice (C) Hemolytic jaundice (D) Malabsorption syndrome

Description : Serum LDL has been found to be increased in (A) Obstructive jaundice (B) Hepatic jaundice (C) Hemolytic jaundice (D) Malabsorption syndrome

Last Answer : Answer : A

Parathyroid hormone: a. is a peptide hormone b. is released in response to hypocalcaemia c. increases phosphate reabsorption in the kidneys d. increases calcium excretion in the kidneys

Description : Parathyroid hormone: a. is a peptide hormone b. is released in response to hypocalcaemia c. increases phosphate reabsorption in the kidneys d. increases calcium excretion in the kidneys

Last Answer : is released in response to hypocalcaemia

PTH causes all of the following except (A) Increased intestinal absorption of calcium (B) Increased intestinal absorption of phosphate (C) Increased tubular reabsorption of calcium (D) Increased tubular reabsorption of phosphate

Description : PTH causes all of the following except (A) Increased intestinal absorption of calcium (B) Increased intestinal absorption of phosphate (C) Increased tubular reabsorption of calcium (D) Increased tubular reabsorption of phosphate

Last Answer : Answer : D

All the following statements about ceruloplasmin are correct except (A) It is a copper-containing protein (B) It possesses oxidase activity (C) It is synthesised in intestinal mucosa (D) Its plasma level is decreased inWilson’s disease

Description : All the following statements about ceruloplasmin are correct except (A) It is a copper-containing protein (B) It possesses oxidase activity (C) It is synthesised in intestinal mucosa (D) Its plasma level is decreased inWilson’s disease

Last Answer : Answer : C

Secretin causes all of the following except (A) Secretion of pancreatic juice (B) Secretion of bile (C) Inhibition of gastric secretion (D) Stimulation of intestinal motility

Description : Secretin causes all of the following except (A) Secretion of pancreatic juice (B) Secretion of bile (C) Inhibition of gastric secretion (D) Stimulation of intestinal motility

Last Answer : Answer : D

Hypermagnesemia may be observed in (A) Hyperparathyroidism (B) Diabetes mellitus (C) Kwashiorkar (D) Primary aldosteronism

Description : Hypermagnesemia may be observed in (A) Hyperparathyroidism (B) Diabetes mellitus (C) Kwashiorkar (D) Primary aldosteronism

Last Answer : Answer : B

In hyperparathyroidism there is (A) Hypocalcemia (B) Hypophophatemia (C) Hypokalemia (D) Hyperkalemia

Description : In hyperparathyroidism there is (A) Hypocalcemia (B) Hypophophatemia (C) Hypokalemia (D) Hyperkalemia

Last Answer : Answer : B

The characteristic of hyperparathyroidism is (A) Low serum calcium (B) High serum phosphorous (C) Low serum calcium and high serum phosphorous (D) High serum calcium and low serum phosphate

Description : The characteristic of hyperparathyroidism is (A) Low serum calcium (B) High serum phosphorous (C) Low serum calcium and high serum phosphorous (D) High serum calcium and low serum phosphate

Last Answer : Answer : D

Serum a lka l ine phosphatase leve l increases in (A) Hypothyroidism (B) Carcinoma of prostate (C) Hyperparathyroidism (D) Myocardial ischemia

Description : Serum a lka l ine phosphatase leve l increases in (A) Hypothyroidism (B) Carcinoma of prostate (C) Hyperparathyroidism (D) Myocardial ischemia

Last Answer : Answer : C

A 55 year-old female complaining of vague tiredness is found to have a serum corrected calcium concentration of 2.9 mmol/l. Examination was unremarkable. Which of the following results confirms the suspected diagnosis of primary hyperparathyroidism? 1) High normal 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D concentration 2) High normal 24 hour urinary calcium concentration 3) High normal plasma parathyroid hormone concentration 4) Low normal plasma phosphate concentration 5) Low normal serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration

Description : A 55 year-old female complaining of vague tiredness is found to have a serum corrected calcium concentration of 2.9 mmol/l. Examination was unremarkable. Which of the following results ... 4) Low normal plasma phosphate concentration 5) Low normal serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration

Last Answer : Answers-3 Bit too easy really. A high or even normal PTH concentration in the presence of hypercalcaemia would support the diagnosis of hyperparathyroidism. A high urinary Calcium concentration may ... but neither confirm the diagnosis. Elevated 1,25 VitD suggests a diagnosis of hypervitaminosis D.

Deficiency of vitamin D causes (A) Ricket and osteomalacia (B) Tuberculosis of bone (C) Hypthyroidism (D) Skin cancer

Description : Deficiency of vitamin D causes (A) Ricket and osteomalacia (B) Tuberculosis of bone (C) Hypthyroidism (D) Skin cancer

Last Answer : Answer : A

Osteomalacia can be prevented by the administration of calcium and a vitamin: (A) A (B) B (C) C (D) D

Description : Osteomalacia can be prevented by the administration of calcium and a vitamin: (A) A (B) B (C) C (D) D

Last Answer : Answer : D

Osteomalacia may be expected in 1) Sarcoidosis 2) Auto-immune adrenalitis 3) Pseudo-hypoparathyroidism 4) Pernicious anaemia 5) Mercury poisoning

Description : Osteomalacia may be expected in 1) Sarcoidosis 2) Auto-immune adrenalitis 3) Pseudo-hypoparathyroidism 4) Pernicious anaemia 5) Mercury poisoning

Last Answer : Answers-5 Osteomalacia may occur with vitamin D deficiency. Mercury poisoning or any heavy metal poisoning causes an acquired Fanconi syndrome with distal renal tubular acidosis.

The individual who demonstrates displacement of the sternum is described as having a a) pigeon chest. Pigeon chest may occur with rickets, Marfan’s syndrome, or severe kyphoscoliosis. b) barrel chest. A barrel chest is seen in patients with emphysema as a result of overinflation of the lungs. c) funnel chest. A funnel chest occurs when there is a depression in the lower portion of the sternum. d) kyphoscoliosis. Kyphoscoliosis is characterized by elevation of the scapula and a corresponding S-shaped spine.

Description : The individual who demonstrates displacement of the sternum is described as having a a) pigeon chest. Pigeon chest may occur with rickets, Marfan's syndrome, or severe kyphoscoliosis. ... kyphoscoliosis. Kyphoscoliosis is characterized by elevation of the scapula and a corresponding S-shaped spine.

Last Answer : a) pigeon chest. Pigeon chest may occur with rickets, Marfan’s syndrome, or severe kyphoscoliosis.

Bisphosphonates are beneficial in the following conditions except: A. Paget's disease B. Senile osteoporosis C. Rickets D. Osteolytic bony metastasis

Description : Bisphosphonates are beneficial in the following conditions except: A. Paget's disease B. Senile osteoporosis C. Rickets D. Osteolytic bony metastasis

Last Answer : C. Rickets

Malabsorption?

Description : Malabsorption?

Last Answer : DefinitionMalabsorption is difficulty digesting or absorbing nutrients from food.Causes, incidence, and risk factorsMany diseases can cause malabsorption. Malabsorption is usually the inability ... obesity, partial or complete removal of the ileum)CholestasisChronic liver diseaseChronic pancreatiti

Celiac sprue is an example of which category of malabsorption? a) Mucosal disorders causing generalized malabsorption In addition to celiac sprue, regional enteritis and radiation enteritis are examples of mucosal disorders.

Description : Celiac sprue is an example of which category of malabsorption? a) Mucosal disorders causing generalized malabsorption In addition to celiac sprue, regional enteritis and radiation ... malabsorption Postoperative gastric or intestinal resection can result in development of malabsorption syndromes.

Last Answer : a) Mucosal disorders causing generalized malabsorption In addition to celiac sprue, regional enteritis and radiation enteritis are examples of mucosal disorders.

Full activation of the sympathetic nervous system, as in maximal exercise, can produce all of the following responses except (a) Bronchial relaxation (b) Decreases intestinal motility (c) Increased renal blood flow (d) Mydriasis (e) Increased heart rate (tachycardia)

Description : Full activation of the sympathetic nervous system, as in maximal exercise, can produce all of the following responses except (a) Bronchial relaxation (b) Decreases intestinal motility (c) Increased renal blood flow (d) Mydriasis (e) Increased heart rate (tachycardia)

Last Answer : Ans: C

Important microbiological features of ciprofloxacin include the following except (a) Long postantibiotic effect (b) Marked suppression of intestinal anaerobes (c) MBC values close to MIC values (d) Slow development of resistance

Description : Important microbiological features of ciprofloxacin include the following except (a) Long postantibiotic effect (b) Marked suppression of intestinal anaerobes (c) MBC values close to MIC values (d) Slow development of resistance

Last Answer : Ans: B