Description : Hypokalemia occurs in (A) Cushing’s syndrome (B) Addison’s disease (C) Renal failure (D) Advanced dehydration
Last Answer : Answer : A
Description : Metabolic alkalosis can occur in (A) Severe diarrhoea (B) Renal failure (C) Recurrent vomiting (D) Excessive use of carbonic anhydrase inhibitors
Last Answer : Answer : C
Description : Serum potassium level decreases in (A) Familial periodic paralysis (B) Addison’s disease (C) Renal failure (D) All of these
Description : Restriction of sodium intake is commonly advised in (A) Addison’s disease (B) Diarrhoea (C) Hypertension (D) None of these
Description : Which of the following conditions is an indication for the use of calcitonin? (a) Chronic renal failure (b) Hypoparathyroidism (c) Intestinal osteodystrophy (d) Pager’s disease (e) Rickets
Last Answer : Ans: D
Description : The following conditions give rise to red blood cells with increased mean cell volume: a. anaemia of chronic disease. b. pernicious anaemia. c. anaemia due to renal failure. d. haemolytic anaemi
Last Answer : pernicious anaemia.
Description : Radiopaque lesions are seen in: A. Multiple myeloma B. Paget’s disease C. Hyperparathyroidism D. Chronic renal failure
Last Answer : B. Paget’s disease
Description : Serum inorganic phosphorous decreases in all the following conditions except (A) Hyperparathyroidism (B) Intestinal malabsorption (C) Osteomalacia (D) Chronic renal failure
Last Answer : Answer : D
Description : Serum inorganic phosphorous rises in all the following conditions except (A) Hypoparathyroidism (B) Hypervitaminosis D (C) Chronic renal failure (D) After a carbohydrate-rich meal MINERAL METABOLISM 197
Description : Primary hyperparathyroidism may occur in association with the following conditions 1) Chronic renal failure 2) Vitamin D deficiency 3) Gastrinoma 4) Autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome 5) Sjogren's syndrome
Last Answer : Answers-3 The association of primary hyperparathyroidism and a gastrinoma would suggest a diagnosis of multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1. CRF causes secondary or tertiary hyperparathyroidism, with vit D deficiency causing secondary hyperparathyroidism. Ther is no association with Sjogren's.
Description : Which of the following condition is characterized by ketonuria but without glycosuria? (A) Diabetes mellitus (B) Diabetes insipidus (C) Prolonged starvation (D) Addison’s disease
Description : Anion gap is increased in (A) Renal tubular acidosis (B) Metabolic acidosis resulting from diarrhoea (C) Metabolic acidosis resulting from intestinal obstruction (D) Diabetic ketoacidosis
Last Answer : Answer : B
Description : Metabolic alkalosis occurs (A) As consequence of high intestinal obstruction (B) In central nervous system disease (C) In diarrhoea (D) In colitis
Description : Specific gravity of urine is decreased in (A) Diabetes mellitus (B) Acute glomerulonephritis (C) Diarrhoea (D) Chronic glomerulonephritis
Last Answer : B
Description : Altering the amino acid profile in total parenteral nutrition solutions can be of benefit in certain conditions. Which of the following conditions are associated with a benefit by supplementation with the ... c. Short gut syndrome and glutamine d. Chronic renal failure and essential amino acids
Last Answer : Answer: a, c In a number of conditions, altering the amino acid profile of the total parenteral nutrition solution can be of benefit. TPN with amino acids of high biologic value ... Glutamine-enriched TPN partially attenuates villous atrophy and may be useful in treatment of short gut syndrome
Description : Clinical uses of Vitamin D do not include (a) Chronic renal failure (b) Hyperparathyroidism (c) Intestinal osteodystrophy (d) Nutritional rickets (e) Osteoporosis
Last Answer : Ans: B
Description : The term used to describe total urine output of less than 400 mL in 24 hours is a) oliguria. Oliguria is associated with acute and chronic renal failure. b) anuria. Anuria is used to ... Nocturia refers to awakening at night to urinate. d) dysuria. Dysuria refers to painful or difficult urination.
Last Answer : a) oliguria. Oliguria is associated with acute and chronic renal failure.
Description : A patient of chronic renal failure maintained on intermittent haemodialysis has anaemia not responding to iron therapy. Which of the following additional drug is indicated: A. Epoetin B. Cyanocobalamin C. Folic acid D. Pyridoxine
Last Answer : A. Epoetin
Description : Recombinant human erythropoietin is indicated for: A. Megaloblastic anaemia B. Haemolytic anaemia C. Anaemia in patients of thalassemia D. Anaemia in chronic renal failure patients
Last Answer : D. Anaemia in chronic renal failure patients
Description : All the following changes in blood chemistry can occur in severe diarrhoea except (A) Decreased pH (B) Decreased bicarbonate (C) Increased pCO2 (D) Increased chloride WATER AND ELECTROLYTE BALANCE 287
Description : Which of the following is associated with Hyperuricaemia? 1) is usually due to an excess purine consumption 2) occurs in association with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia 3) in primary gout is inherited in ... with low dose aspirin therapy 5) can be treated with uricosuric drugs even in renal failure
Last Answer : Answers-2 Hyperuricaemia may be due to increased purine intake, urate production or reduced urate clearance, and is most commonly due to the latter. Therefore it can occur in association with enhanced ... . Many of the uricosuric drugs may be detrimental in renal failure and may not be effective.
Description : A 59-year-old trauma patient has suffered multiple septic complications including severe pneumonia, intraabdominal abscess, and major wound infection. He has now developed signs of multisystem organ ... the same extent d. In patients with hepatic failure, carbohydrate load should be increased
Last Answer : Answer: a, b The most severe complication of sepsis is multiple system organ dysfunction syndrome, which may result in death. The development of organ failure requires changes in the ... should be provided as fat emulsion. If encephalopathy develops, protein load should also be reduced0
Description : Acute renal failure (ARF) may be caused by all of the following except (a) Acute tubular necrosis (ATN) due to drug therapy (e.g., aminoglycosides, contrast media) (b) Severe hypotension ... (c) Decreased cardiac output, as from congestive heart failure (d) Hemolysis, myoglobinuria (e) Hyperkalemia
Last Answer : Ans: E
Description : The condition that results when there is an increased production of human growth hormone in an adult is termed A) Cushing's syndrome. B) Addison's disease. C) gigantism. D) dwarfism. E) acromegaly.
Last Answer : E) acromegaly.
Description : An important finding in Tay-sach’s disease is (A) Renal failure (B) Accumulation of gangliosides in brain and spleen (C) Cardiac failure (D) Anemia
Description : Character ist ic f ind ing in Gaucher ’s disease is (A) Night blindness (B) Renal failure (C) Hepatosplenomegaly (D) Deafness
Description : Serum biochemistry of a 60 year old man revealed calcium of 1.98 mmol/l and phosphate of 0.55 mmol/l with an alkaline phosphatase of 450 IU/l.Which among the following mosts suits ... biochemistry? 1) Osteoporosis 2) Osteomalacia 3) Pagets Disease 4) Secondary Hyperparathyroidism 5) Renal failure
Last Answer : Answers-2 Osteomalacia is associated with low calcium and phosphate with raised alkaline phosphatase. Serum biochemistry is normal in osteoporosis. Pagets disease is associated with normal ... renal failure when tertiary hyperparathyroidism sets in there is low calcium with raised phosphate.
Description : Oral mucosa and skin pigmentation occurs in patient with:** A. Diabetes mellitus B. Addison’s disease C. Multiple myeloma D. Squamous cell carcinoma E. Bright’s disease F. Cushing’s disease
Last Answer : B. Addison’s disease
Description : When the patient who has experienced trauma to an extremity complains of severe burning pain, vasomotor changes, and muscles spasms in the injured extremity, the nurse ... heterotrophic ossification. Heterotrophic ossification causes muscular pain and limited muscular contraction and movement.
Last Answer : a) reflex sympathetic dystrophy syndrome. RSD is frequently chronic and occurs most often in women.
Description : Which phase of the trajectory model of chronic illness is characterized by the gradual or rapid decline in the trajectory despite efforts to halt the disorder? a) Dying The dying phase ... symptoms worsen or the disability progresses despite attempts to control the course through proper management.
Last Answer : a) Dying The dying phase is characterized by stoppage of life-maintaining functions.
Description : In which phase of the trajectory model of chronic illness are the symptoms under control and managed? a) Stable The stable phase indicates that the symptoms and disability are under ... symptoms worsen or the disability progresses despite attempts to control the course through proper management.
Last Answer : a) Stable The stable phase indicates that the symptoms and disability are under control or managed.
Description : Respiratory acidosis occurs in (A) Any disease which impairs respiration like emphysema (B) Renal disease (C) Poisoning by an acid (D) Pyloric stenosis
Description : A patient has been taking digoxin for several years for chronic heart failure is about to receive atropine for another condition. A common effect of digoxin (at therapeutic blood levels) that can ... Increased atrial contractility (c) Increased PR interval on the ECG (d) Headaches (e) Tachycardia
Last Answer : Ans: C
Description : Streptomycin can NOT be given orally for treatment of tuberculosis because (A) it gets degraded in the GIT (B) it causes severe diarrhoea (C) it causes metallic taste in the mouth (D) it is not absorbed from the GIT
Last Answer : (D) it is not absorbed from the GIT
Description : Apart from diarrhoea, oral rehydration solution has been employed in: A. Severe vomiting B. Burn cases C. Heat stroke D. Both ‘B’ and ‘C
Last Answer : D. Both ‘B’ and ‘C
Description : Sodium depletion occurs in excessive sweating, and cannot be corrected by drinking water alone. When uncorrected, it may lead to A. Increase of urea in blood B. Swelling of ankles and feet C. Muscle cramps, loss of energy, fatigue and faintness D. Renal failure
Last Answer : ANSWER: C
Description : What immunodeficiency disorder is associated with a tack of T and B cells and complete immune dysfunction? a. DiGeorge syndrome b. Severe combined immunodeficiency disease c. Chronic granulomatous disease d. Chédiak-Higashi syndrome
Last Answer : b. Severe combined immunodeficiency disease
Description : Choose the correct statement(s) about inhaled glucocorticoids in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD): A. They are indicated in COPD only for severe/ advanced cases B. Instituted early they retard the progression of COPD C. Their use predisposes to respiratory infections D. Both 'A' and 'B
Last Answer : A. They are indicated in COPD only for severe/ advanced cases
Description : Hypokalemia with an accompanying hypochloremic alkalosis may be observed in (A) Cushing’s syndrome(B) Addison’s disease (C) Hyptothyroidism (D) Malnutrition
Description : Insulin resistance is encountered in (A) Addison’s disease (B) Hypothyroidism (C) Hypopituctarism (D) Acromegaly
Description : In Addison’s disease, there is excessive retention of (A) Potassium (B) Sodium (C) Chloride (D) Water
Description : Secretion of catecholamines is increased in (A) Cushing’s syndrome (B) Addison’s disease (C) Phaeochromocytoma (D) Simmond’s disease
Description : Excessive secretion of ACTH causes (A) Cushing’s syndrome (B) Addison’s disease (C) Myxoedema (D) Thyrotoxicosis
Description : BMR is increased in all of the following except (A) Hyperthyroidism (B) Anaemia (C) Addison’s disease (D) Pregnancy
Description : BMR is decreased in all of the following except (A) Fever (B) Addison’s disease (C) Starvation (D) Hypothyroidism
Description : BMR is increased in (A) Starvation (B) Hypothyroidism (C) Addison’s disease (D) Pregnancy
Description : B.M.R. is subnormal in (A) Addison’s disease (B) Adrenal tumour (C) Cushing’s syndrome (D) Fever
Description : One of the following is not symptom of Addison’s disease: (A) Hypoglycemia (B) Hyponatremia (C) Hypokalemia (D) Hypochloremia
Description : One of the following is not a symptom of addison’s disease. (A) Hypoglycemia (B) Hyponatremia (C) Hypokalemia (D) Hypochoremia
Description : Glucose tolerance is decreased in (A) Diabetes mellitus (B) Hypopituitarisme (C) Addison’s disease (D) Hypothyroidism
Last Answer : A