77 views
0 answers
asked
Apr 1, 2018
by
anonymous

Last Answer : The scheduler is very important in Real-Time Operating System (RTOS). Selection of tasks for execution is provided by the scheduler. Which task to execute when it is provided by the ... . Non-preemptive scheduling is simple.Preemptive scheduling is flexible while non-preemptive scheduling is rigid.
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344 views
1 answer
asked
Jan 22, 2018
by
anonymous

what are the significance of kernel in RTOS ?
Last Answer : In every RTOS there is the kernel. The kernel is the core supervisory software. The kernel provides minimal logic. Scheduling is also provided by the kernel. The resource- ... device managment service.RTOS kernel has interrupt management service.RTOS kernel has memory management service.
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75 views
1 answer
asked
Oct 19, 2017
by
anonymous

What is the difference between the embedded system and RTOS?
Last Answer : An RTOS is an important subset of an embedded system. (See RTOS explanation below) An embedded system has historically been defined as a single function product where the intelligence is embedded ... (RTOS) is intended for systems that need to tightly control responsiveness and performance. With
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0 views
1 answer

What are the types of RTOS?
Last Answer : There are many choices for RTOSes -- proprietary and open source. There is no one dominant RTOS because there are so many processor choices and so many different application requirements. Here are a few popular ... some of the open source RTOSes/OSes * eCOS * uClinux PSOS, vx works, PSOS, vx works,
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2 views
1 answer

State two examples of RTOS.
Last Answer : 1. LynxOS. 2. OSE. 3. QNX. 4. RTLinux. 5. VxWorks. 6. Windows CE.
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73 views
1 answer
asked
Jun 20, 2020
by
anonymous

What is a hard real time system?
Last Answer : If the real-time systems have minimum interrupt latency and task deadline with prescribe time limits then it is known as hard real-time systems. If these two requirements meet in real time systems but not always then it is known as soft real-time systems.
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125 views
1 answer
asked
Dec 16, 2017
by
anonymous

What is the real time scheduling?
Last Answer : Hard real-time and soft real-time are the types of real time scheduling. Real time
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120 views
1 answer
asked
Dec 16, 2017
by
anonymous

In the third Generation of computers A) Distributed data processing first became popular B) An operating system was first developed C) High level procedural language were first used D) Online real time systems first become popular
Last Answer : Answer : D
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6 views
1 answer

In the third generation of computers: a. Distributed data processing first became popular b. An operating system was first developed c. High-level prcedu7ral languages were firs used d. On-line, real time systems first became popular
Last Answer : On-line, real time systems first became popular
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5 views
1 answer
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In the third Generation of computers a. Distributed data processing first became popular b. An operating system was first developed c. High level procedural language were first used d. Online real time systems first become popular
Last Answer : d. Online real time systems first become popular
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9 views
1 answer
asked
Aug 14, 2021
by
anonymous

In the third generation of computers: a. Distributed data processing first became popular b. An operating system was first developed c. High-level prcedu7ral languages were firs used d. On-line, real time systems first became popular
Last Answer : d. On-line, real time systems first became popular
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48 views
1 answer
asked
Aug 14, 2021
by
anonymous

In the third Generation of computers a. Distributed data processing first became popular b. An operating system was first developed c. High level procedural language were first used d. Online real time systems first become popular
Last Answer : d. Online real time systems first become popular
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17 views
1 answer
asked
Aug 4, 2021
by
anonymous

What is watchdog timer ? Explain the implementation of time out for ATM with block diagram and program.
Last Answer : A special type of timer is a watchdog timer, which will reset the system after a predefined timeout. Watchdog timer reset timer every X time unit, else timer generates a signal ... be loaded into timereg. This is to prevent erroneous software from unintentionally resetting the watchdog timer.
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3.4k views
1 answer
asked
Jan 22, 2018
by
anonymous

Normally, the FPGA resources are used less than 70% because: a. Routing becomes excessively complicated b. Power issues c. Clock frequency d. Simulation time increases
Last Answer : Normally, the FPGA resources are used less than 70% because: Routing becomes excessively complicated
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320 views
1 answer
asked
May 17, 2018
by
anonymous

83 views
0 answers
asked
Apr 1, 2018
by
anonymous

List and describe three general approaches to improve designer productivity.
Last Answer : Automation: The task of using a computer program to replace manual design effort. The program replaces manual design effort. Synthesis. Reuse: The ... correctness/completeness of each design step. Hardware/software co-simulation.
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109 views
1 answer
asked
Mar 29, 2018
by
anonymous

Explain placement, routing, and sizing.
Last Answer : Placement: The task of placing and orienting every transistor somewhere on IC. Routing: The task of running wires between the transistors without inserting other wires or transistors. ... wires and transistor provide better performance but consume more power and require more silicon area.
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78 views
1 answer
asked
Mar 28, 2018
by
anonymous

A single FSM can be converted to two smaller FSM. Justify.
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591 views
0 answers
asked
Mar 28, 2018
by
anonymous

Last Answer : Common computation models: Sequential program model Statements, rules for composing statements, semantics for executing them Communicating process model ... Object-oriented model For breaking complex software into simpler, well-defined pieces
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107 views
1 answer
asked
Mar 28, 2018
by
anonymous

Sketch internal design of 4x3 ROM.
Last Answer : The internal design of 4x3 ROM
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779 views
1 answer
asked
Mar 28, 2018
by
anonymous

Explain the advantages and disadvantages of using memory I/O and standard I/O.
Last Answer : Memory mapped I/O and standard I/O are the two methods for communicating microprocessor with peripherals. Processor talks to both memory and peripheral using the same bus.Two ways to talk to a peripheral. ... of standard I/O is no loss of memory addresses to the use as I/O addresses.
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171 views
1 answer
asked
Mar 26, 2018
by
anonymous

Explain parallel and wireless protocols.
Last Answer : Parallel protocols: PCI bus (Peripheral Components Interconnect): PCI stands for Peripheral Components Interconnect. PCI bus is used as a communication line to transmit signals and data ... provide the basis for wireless network products using the Wi-Fi brand.
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100 views
1 answer
asked
Mar 26, 2018
by
anonymous

Explain memory hierarchy.
Last Answer : Memory hierarchy: Main memory is large, inexpensive, slow memory stores entire program and data. Cache memory is small, expensive, fast memory stores copy of likely accessed parts of large ... In memory hierarchy the smaller memory is faster and larger memory storage is slower.
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186 views
1 answer
asked
Mar 26, 2018
by
anonymous

Explain memory write ability and storage permanence with suitable diagram.
Last Answer : Write ability and storage permanence of memories: Write ability is the manner and speed at which memory can be written. Storage permanence is the ability of memory to hold stored bits ... Holds bits after power is no longer supplied. High end and middle range of storage permanence.
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3.5k views
1 answer
asked
Mar 24, 2018
by
anonymous

Describe different RT level computational and sequential components used to design single function processors.
Last Answer : RT-level combinational components:- To reduce the complexity in digital logic, combinational components are used, which are more powerful than logic gates. Such combinational ... during a clock edge. An asynchronous inputs value effects the circuit independent of the clock.
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244 views
1 answer
asked
Mar 21, 2018
by
anonymous

Build using minimum number of CMOS gates. Three input NAND gate. Two input NOR gate Three input NOR gate Two input AND gate Two input OR gate
Last Answer : Three input NAND gate. Two input NOR gate Three input NOR gate Two input AND gate Two input OR gate
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213 views
1 answer
asked
Mar 21, 2018
by
anonymous

Explain the various steps involved in designing a custom single-purpose processor.
Last Answer : A single purpose processor is a digital circuit designed to execute exactly one program. It is also known as co-processor, accelerator or peripheral. It contains only ... for small quantities. Performance may not match general-purpose processors for same applications.
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412 views
1 answer
asked
Mar 21, 2018
by
anonymous

If Moor's law continues to hold, predict the approximation number of transistor per leading edge IC in the year. 1.2030 2.2050
Last Answer : If Moor's law continues to hold, predict the approximation number of transistor per leading edge IC in the year.1.20302.2050
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60 views
1 answer
asked
Mar 21, 2018
by
anonymous

Compare the annual growth rate of 1.IC capacity 2.Designer productivity.
Last Answer : Compare the annual growth rate of 1.IC capacity2.Designer productivity.
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99 views
1 answer
asked
Mar 21, 2018
by
anonymous

Explain Inter-process Communication (IPC) using mailbox/queue.
Last Answer : Inter-process communication using mailbox: Mailbox is the Interprocess communication mechanism. A process puts a data message for another process in the mailbox. Mailbox is also called as message exchange. ... a message. In mailbox IPC the sender need not to know the name of the receiver.
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140 views
1 answer
asked
Mar 18, 2018
by
anonymous

Explain arbitration. What is priority arbitrator?
Last Answer : Arbitration: IF multiple peripherals are connected to microprocessor or DMA controller or any resource and they request services simultaneously so which peripheral will get serviced first this is ... Peripherals make requests to arbiter and arbiter makes requests to the resource.
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101 views
1 answer
asked
Mar 17, 2018
by
anonymous

Explain FSM and concurrent process with example.
Last Answer : Finite State Machine (FSM): Finite state machine is a machine which have a transition from state to state. The system have some number of states and at a time the system can ... Y seconds. In sequential execution, the processor executes single task which causes poor processor utilization.
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126 views
1 answer
asked
Mar 17, 2018
by
anonymous

Compose 1k x 8 ROMS into 8k x 8 ROM.
Last Answer : 1k x 8 ROMS into 8k x 8 ROM:
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1.7k views
1 answer
asked
Mar 15, 2018
by
anonymous

What is design technology? Explain top down design process.
Last Answer : Design technology: Design technology is the manner in which we convert our concept desired system into an implementation. The three main design technologies are 1. Compilation/Synthesis ... general purpose processors and A Gate-level Netlist for special-purpose processors.
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168 views
1 answer
asked
Mar 14, 2018
by
anonymous

Explain data transfer mechanism in I2C protocol. Compare it with CAN and USB protocol based on bit rate and area of applications.
Last Answer : I2C (Inter-Integrated Circuit): I2C stands for Inter-Integrated Circuit. I2C is a serial protocol. It was developed by Philips Semiconductor. I2C bus have two communication lines. One is serial data ( ... Mbps this is used for lower speed devices. Using USB we can connect upto 127 devices.
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183 views
1 answer
asked
Mar 3, 2018
by
anonymous

What is Mailbox? Write a note on Mailbox.
Last Answer : Mailbox is used for inter-process communication for sending small messages between tasks or between ISR and task. The Mailbox is used in some Real Time Operating system (RTOS). If the task or ... received by which task or thread is called mailbox client. Mailbox message is a kernel service.
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2.3k views
1 answer
asked
Jan 27, 2018
by
anonymous

Last Answer : The volatile keyword is a part of C standard, and this warns the compiler that ISR might change the value of a variable so that the compiler will not optimize the code in a way that will ... the keyword is not supported, you can still get the similar result by turning off the compiler optimizations.
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110 views
1 answer
asked
Jan 25, 2018
by
anonymous

explain how a stepper motor is controlled using driver. give relevant hardware and software details.
Last Answer : A stepper motor is an electric motor that rotates fix number of degrees whenever we apply a step signal. the stepper motor can rotate 1.8-degree full step or ... driver 2. controlling a stepper motor directly Application of stepper motor: disk driversprintersphotocopyfax machinerobotscamcorder
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131 views
1 answer
asked
Jan 25, 2018
by
anonymous

Explain Keypad controller.
Last Answer : Keypad Controller: It's a device which interfaces between the computer and keyboard. That is a input device and used for transfer the data to connected device.
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305 views
2 answers
asked
Jan 24, 2018
by
anonymous

Last Answer : Liquid Crystal Display:-An LCD is a low-cost, low power device capable of displaying text and images. LCD's are extremely common in embedded systems since such system often does not have video monitors ... toggles the enables bit and acts as a delay so that the command can be processed and executed.
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183 views
1 answer
asked
Jan 24, 2018
by
anonymous

Last Answer : UART takes parallel data and transmits serially and UART receives serial data and converts to parallel.A simple UART may possess1.Some configuration registers and2.Two independently operating processors, one ... must write data to the transmit register and/or read data from the received register.
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164 views
1 answer
asked
Jan 24, 2018
by
anonymous
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Last Answer : Timers:-A timer is a peripheral device that can measure time intervals. Timers can be used to1. General events at the specific time or to determine the duration of two external events.eg. Keeping a ... the number of times the car wheel rotates in one second, in order to determine cars speed.
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312 views
1 answer
asked
Jan 24, 2018
by
anonymous

Last Answer : Most microprocessors have a nonmaskable interrupt, an input pin that causes an interrupt that cannot be disabled. If an interrupt routine shares any data with the task code, then it is necessary ... by setting the priority level. 3. It allows us to enable and disable individual interrupts.
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124 views
1 answer
asked
Jan 24, 2018
by
anonymous

Last Answer : Interrupt latency is the amount is the amount of time it takes a system to respond to an interrupt.The 4 factors influencing on embedded system response to an interrupt are:1. The longest period of time ... 2 is one of the reasons that it is generally a good idea to write short interrupt routines.
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292 views
1 answer
asked
Jan 24, 2018
by
anonymous

Last Answer : A semaphore is called binary semaphore when its value is 0, it is assumed that it has been taken (or accepted) & when its value is 1, it is assumed that it has been released & no ... that are not themselves reentrant.3. A reentrant function may does not use the hardware in a nonatomic way.
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382 views
1 answer
asked
Jan 24, 2018
by
anonymous

What are counting semaphores and resource semaphore?
Last Answer : If a task tries to take the semaphore when the integer is equal to zero, then the task will block. These semaphores are called counting semaphore. Some system offer semaphore that can be ... , but they cannot be used to communicate between two tasks. Such semaphores are called resource semaphore.
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750 views
1 answer
asked
Jan 24, 2018
by
anonymous

Last Answer : Instruction execution has 5 basic stages:1. Fetch instruction:The task of reading the next instruction from memory into the instruction register.2. Decode instruction:The task of determining what operation ... into an appropriate register.5. Store results:The task of writing a register into memory.
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132 views
1 answer
asked
Jan 23, 2018
by
anonymous

Last Answer : A design metric is a measure of a implementations features such as cost, size, performance and power.Commonly used design metrics are:1.NRE cost:NRE stands for non recurring engineering cost. ... to check that manufacturing was correct.11.Safety:The probability that the system will not cause harm.
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138 views
1 answer
asked
Jan 23, 2018
by
anonymous

Last Answer : The main characteristics of an embedded system are:1. Single functioned2. Tightly constrained3. Reactive and real time1. Single functioned:An embedded system usually executes a specific program repeatedly.Ex. Pager ... computer user. But it doesn't result in a system failure.Ex. Digital camera chip
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348 views
1 answer
asked
Jan 23, 2018
by
anonymous
