Enlist types of operating system. Explain multiprogramming OS in detail.

1 Answer

Answer :

Types of operating system

1.Batch Systems

2.Multiprogramming

3.Multitasking

4.Time-Sharing Systems

5.Desktop Systems

6.Distributed system

7.Clustered system

8.Real Time system:

Multiprogramming:

In multiprogramming, more than one program lies in the memory.

The scheduler selects the jobs to be placed in ready queue from a number of programs.

The ready queue is placed in memory and the existence of more than one program in main memory is known as multiprogramming.

Since there is only one processor, there multiple programs cannot be executed at a time.

Instead the operating system executes part of one program, then the part of another and so on.

Example of multiprogramming: user can open word, excel, access and other applications in a system.

image

Related questions

Description : Enlist the operating system tools. Explain any two in detail.

Last Answer : Following are the operating tools: User Management Security policy Device Management Performance Monitor Task Scheduler A) User management: User management includes everything ... routing tables, interface statistics, masquerade connections, and multicast memberships. # netstat -tulpn

Description : Enlist different file allocation methods? Explain contiguous allocation method in detail.

Last Answer : From the user's point of view, a file is an abstract data type. It can be created, opened, written, read, closed and deleted without any real concern for its implementation. The implementation of a ... a times is difficult to estimate. 4. Compaction may be required and it can be very expensive.

Description : List components of OS. Explain process management in detail.

Last Answer : List of System Components: 1. Process management 2. Main memory management 3. File management 4. I/O system management 5. Secondary storage management Process Management: The operating ... synchronization. 4. A mechanism for process communication. 5. A mechanism for deadlock handling.

Description : Explain multithreading model in detail.

Last Answer : Many systems provide support for both user and kernel threads, resulting in different multithreading models. Following are three multithreading model: Many-to-One Model The many-to- ... True concurrency cannot be achieved. Multiple threads of kernel is an overhead for operating system

Description : Explain any 4 services provided by OS.

Last Answer : 1.User Interface: All operating systems have a user interface that allows users to communicate with the system. Three types of user interfaces are available: a. Command line interface ( ... to system resources. Security is provided by user authentication such as password for accessing information.

Description : List free space management techniques? Describe any one in detail.

Last Answer : A file system is responsible to allocate the free blocks to the file therefore it has to keep track of all the free blocks present in the disk. There are mainly four approaches by using which, the free ... block. This block contains a pointer to the next free disk block, and so on.

Description : List any four features of open source operating system.

Last Answer : 1. Open Source: open source OS code is freely available and it is community based development project. Multiple team's works in collaboration to enhance the capability of operating system and it is ... issuing a command in Linux Terminal or Shell. Linux can also run Windows applications if needed.

Description : Define real time operating system. List its any four applications of it.

Last Answer : Real time Operating System: A real time system has well defined fixed time constraints. Processing should be done within the defined constraints -Hard and Soft real time system. OR The ... Applications: 1. Flight Control System 2. Simulations 3. Industrial control 4. Military applications

Description : Explain partitioning and its types.

Last Answer : An important operation of memory management is to bring programs into main memory for execution by the processor. Partitioning is a technique that divides a memory into multiple partitions. These partitions ... in memory. For example: Consider following table with process and memory space.

Description : State and describe types of scheduler.

Last Answer : There are three types of scheduler: Long term scheduler Short term scheduler Medium term scheduler 1. Long term scheduler: It selects programs from job pool and loads them into the ... scheduler works in close communication with long term scheduler for loading process into the main memory. 

Description : Explain LRU page replacement algorithm for following reference string. 7 0 1 2 0 3 0 4 2 3 0 3 2 1 2 0 1 7 0 1 Calculate the page fault.

Last Answer : LRU: The Least Recently Used (LRU) page replacement policy replaces the page that has not been used for the longest period of time. LRU replacement associates with each page the time of that page's last use. ... in question so assume frame size as 3 or 4) LRU: Assume frame size=3

Description : Explain PCB with diagram.

Last Answer : Each process is represented as a process control block (PCB) in the operating system. It contains information associated with specific process. Process State: It indicates current state of a process. ... . Each PCB gives information about a particular process for which it is designed.

Description : Explain Round Robin algorithm with suitable example.

Last Answer : It is preemptive scheduling algorithm. A small unit of time known as a time quantum or time slice is used for pre-emption of a currently running process. Ready queue is implemented as a circular ... has received 1 time quantum, the CPU returns to process P1 for an additional time quantum. 

Description : Explain deadlock? What are necessary conditions for deadlock?

Last Answer : In multiprogramming environment, several processes may compete for a finite number of resources. A process requests resources and if the resources are not available then the process enters into the ... Each process is waiting for the resources held by other waiting processes in circular form.

Description : With neat diagram explain inter process communication model.

Last Answer : Inter-process communication: Cooperating processes require an Interprocess communication (IPC) mechanism that will allow them to exchange data and information. There are two models of IPC 1. ... a communication link between them. Between each pair of processes exactly one communication link.

Description : Explain any four scheduling criteria.

Last Answer : 1. CPU utilization: In multiprogramming the main objective is to keep CPU as busy as possible. CPU utilization can range from 0 to 100 percent. 2.Throughput: It is the number of processes ... fairly early and can continue computing new results while previous results are being output to the user.

Description : What is purpose of system call? State two system calls with their functions.

Last Answer : System call provides an interface between a running program and operating system. It allows user to access services provided by operating system. This system calls are procedures written using C, ... send, receive messages transfer status information attach or detach remote devices. 

Description : Write Unix command for following: i)create a folder OSY ii) create a file FIRST in OSY folder iii) List/display all files and directories. iv) Write command to clear the screen

Last Answer : i) create a folder OSY: $mkdir OSY ii)create a file FIRST in OSY folder: $cd OSY $cat>FIRST or $ touch FIRST iii) List/display all files and directories: $ls iv) to clear screen: $clear

Description : Describe sequential and direct access method.

Last Answer : Sequential access: Information from the file is processed in order i.e. one record after another. It is commonly used access mode. For example, editors and compilers access files in sequence. A read ... prevent the user from accessing portions of the file system that may not be part of his file.

Description : Describe I/O Burst and CPU Burst cycle with neat diagram.

Last Answer : CPU burst cycle: It is a time period when process is busy with CPU.  I/O burst cycle: It is a time period when process is busy in working with I/O resources. A process execution consists ... cycle and so on. The final CPU burst cycle ends with a system request to terminate execution.

Description : Describe any four file attributes

Last Answer : File attributes: Name: The symbolic file name is the only information kept in human readable form. Identifier: File system gives a unique tag or number that identifies file within file ... Last modification and last use. These data can be useful for protection, security and usage monitoring.

Description : Write syntax for following commands: i)Sleep ii)Kill

Last Answer : i)sleep Syntax: sleep NUMBER[SUFFIX]… sleep OPTION ii) kill Syntax: kill pid

Description : Define virtual memory

Last Answer : Virtual memory is a memory management capability of an operating system (OS) that uses hardware and software to allow a computer to compensate for physical memory shortages by temporarily transferring data ... can be placed in overlays, but can concentrate instead on the problem to be programmed. 

Description : Draw process state diagram.

Last Answer : process state diagram

Description : Enlist types of weir and explain any one in detail.

Last Answer : Types of weirs are a) Based on materials of construction 1) Masonry weir 2) Rock-fill weir 3) Concrete weir b) Based on use and function 1) Storage weir 2) Pick- ... Canal has to run idle c) The terrain is geographically difficult so that canal alignment is very costly or impossible

Description : Unix Operating System use _________ Multitasking 1 Preemptive 2 Cooperative 3 multiprogramming 4 None

Last Answer : 1 Preemptive

Description : The two central themes of modern operating system are ............... A) Multiprogramming and Distributed processing B) Multiprogramming and Central Processing C) Single Programming and Distributed processing D) None of above

Last Answer : A) Multiprogramming and Distributed processing

Description : In ............. generation of operating system, operating system designers develop the concept of multiprogramming in which several jobs are in main memory at once. A) First B) Second C) Third D) Fourth

Last Answer : C) Third

Description : Programs are executed on the basis of a priority number in a A) Batch processing system B) Multiprogramming C) Time sharing D) None of these

Last Answer : Answer : B

Description : Programs are execuated on the basis of a priority number in a- 1) Batch Processing System 2) Multiprogramming 3) Time sharing 4) None of these

Last Answer : 2) Multiprogramming

Description : Programs are execuated on the basis of a priority number in a 1 Batch Processing System 2 Multiprogramming 3 Time sharing 4 None of these

Last Answer : 2 Multiprogramming

Description : Enlist types of electrical wiring systems. Explain casing and capping type wiring system.

Last Answer : List the types of Internal wiring in residential installations - 1) Cleat wiring 2) Batten wiring 3) Wooden casing capping wiring 4) PVC conduit wiring 5) PVC casing capping ... less chances of mechanical injury. Future expansion is possible and repairing and maintenance is easily possible. 

Description : Is there a way of changing the OS ( operating system) within my mobile phone?

Last Answer : Need Answer

Description : I need to try an Apple program, but I don't have the necessary computer. Unfortunately there is no program of this type for windows (remote control)

Last Answer : Need Answer

Description : Which operating system is better at multitasking Mac OS or Windows Vista?

Last Answer : It depends on your preference. Both Mac OS X and Windows Vista are excellent for multitasking.

Description : DOS, Windows XP, Windows Vista, Unix, Linux, MAC/OS X etc. are examples of: a) Operating System Software b) Package Software c) Utility Software d) None of These

Last Answer : a) Operating System Software

Description : ……………….. is a example of an operating system that support single user process and single thread. A) UNIX B) MS-DOS C) OS/2 D) Windows 2000

Last Answer : B) MS-DOS

Description : A thread is usually defined as a light weight process because an Operating System (OS) maintains smaller data structure for a thread than for a process. In relation to this, which of the following ... separate stack for each thread. (D) OS does not maintain virtual memory state for each thread.

Last Answer : (B) OS maintains only CPU registers for each thread.

Description : A term used to describe interconnected computer configuration is A) Multiprogramming B) Modulation C) Multiprocessing D) Micro program sequence

Last Answer : Answer : A

Description : An approach that permits the computer to work on several programs instead of one is A) On-line thesaurus B) Multiprogramming C) Over lapped processing D) Outline processor

Last Answer : Answer : C

Description : An approach that permits the computer to work on several programs instead of one is a. On-line thesaurus b. Multiprogramming c. Over lapped processing d. Outline processor

Last Answer : Over lapped processing

Description : The simultaneousprocessing of twoor more programs by multiple processors is– (A) multiprogramming (B) multitasking (C) time-sharing (D) multiprocessing (E) None of these

Last Answer : multiprocessing

Description : An anticipated result from multiprogramming operations is: A. reducedcomputer idle time B. the handling of more jobs C. better schedulingof work D. All of theabove E. None of the above

Last Answer : All of theabove

Description : The simultaneous processing of two or more programs by multiple processors is a) multiprogramming b) multitasking c) time-sharing d) multiprocessing e) None of these

Last Answer : a) multiprogramming

Description : The simultaneous processing of two or more programs by multiple processors is ..... 1) multiprogramming 2) multitasking 3) time-sharing 4) multiprocessing

Last Answer : 4) multiprocessing

Description : Preemptive and cooperative both are type of 1) Multiprogramming 2) Multitasking 3) Multi-user 4) None

Last Answer : 2) Multitasking

Description : Macintosh computer use_____ Multitasking 1) Preemtive 2) cooperative 3) multiprogramming 4) none

Last Answer : 2) cooperative

Description : Preemptive and cooperative both are type of 1 Multiprogramming 2 Multitasking 3 Multi-user 4 None

Last Answer : 2 Multitasking

Description : Macintosh computer use_____ Multitasking 1 Preemtive 2 cooperative 3 multiprogramming 4 none

Last Answer : 2 cooperative

Description : A term used to describe interconnected computer configuration is a. Multiprogramming b. Modulation c. Multiprocessing d. Micro program sequence

Last Answer : a. Multiprogramming