Which sequence of research steps is logical in the list given below? (A) Problem formulation, Analysis, Development of Research design, Hypothesis making, Collection of data, Arriving at generalizations and conclusions. (B) Development of Research design, Hypothesis making, Problem formulation, Data analysis, Arriving at conclusions and data collection. (C) Problem formulation, Hypothesis making, Development of a Research design, Collection of a Data; Data analysis and formulation of generalizations and conclusions. (D) Problem formulation, Deciding about the sample and data collection tools Formulation of hypothesis, Collection and interpretation of research evidence

Which sequence of research steps is logical in the list given below? (A) Problem formulation, Analysis, Development of Research design, Hypothesis making, Collection of data, Arriving at generalizations and conclusions. (B) Development of Research design, Hypothesis making, Problem formulation, Data analysis, Arriving at conclusions and data collection. (C) Problem formulation, Hypothesis making, Development of a Research design, Collection of a Data; Data analysis and formulation of generalizations and conclusions. (D) Problem formulation, Deciding about the sample and data collection tools Formulation of hypothesis, Collection and interpretation of research evidence
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Answer :

(C) Problem formulation, Hypothesis making, Development of a Research design, Collection of a Data; Data analysis and formulation of generalizations and conclusions. 
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In a Ph.D. thesis which one is the correct sequence for showing scheme of Chapterisation ? (A) Survey of related studies, Introduction, Design of the study, DataAnalysis and interpretation, Conclusions and generalisations, suggested further study, References, Appendix (B) Introduction, Design of study, Data Analysis and Interpretation, Generalizations, Conclusions and Survey of related studies and suggestions for further research, References and Appendix

Description : In a Ph.D. thesis which one is the correct sequence for showing scheme of Chapterisation ? (A) Survey of related studies, Introduction, Design of the study, DataAnalysis and ... of study, Data analysis and interpretation, Conclusions and generalizations, Suggestions for further research, Appendix 

Last Answer : (C) Introduction, Survey of related studies, Design of study, Datapresentation; analysis & Interpretation, Formulation of generalization & Conclusions, Suggestions for further research, References & Appendix

In the process of conducting research ‘Formulation of Hypothesis” is followed by (A) Statement of Objectives (B) Analysis of Data (C) Selection of Research Tools (D) Collection of Data

Description : In the process of conducting research ‘Formulation of Hypothesis” is followed by (A) Statement of Objectives (B) Analysis of Data (C) Selection of Research Tools (D) Collection of Data

Last Answer : (B) Analysis of Data 

The of ‘Research ethics’ may be considered pertinent at which stage of research? (A) At the stage of problem formulation and its definition (B) At the stage of defining the population of research (C) At the stage of data collection and interpretation (D) At the stage of reporting the findings.

Description : The of ‘Research ethics’ may be considered pertinent at which stage of research? (A) At the stage of problem formulation and its definition (B) At the stage of defining the population of research (C) At the stage of data collection and interpretation (D) At the stage of reporting the findings.

Last Answer : (D) At the stage of reporting the findings.

Research ethics has a direct connection more often with which stages of research ? (A) Defining and delimiting the scope of research. (B) Problem formulation and reporting of research findings. (C) Defining the population and deciding the sampling technique for research. (D) Deciding about statistical techniques and data analysis.

Description : Research ethics has a direct connection more often with which stages of research ? (A) Defining and delimiting the scope of research. (B) Problem formulation and reporting of research ... deciding the sampling technique for research. (D) Deciding about statistical techniques and data analysis.

Last Answer : (B) Problem formulation and reporting of research findings. 

Which of the following is an initial mandatory requirement for pursuing research? (A) Developing a research design (B) Formulating a research question (C) Deciding about the data analysis procedure (D) Formulating a research hypothesis

Description : Which of the following is an initial mandatory requirement for pursuing research? (A) Developing a research design (B) Formulating a research question (C) Deciding about the data analysis procedure (D) Formulating a research hypothesis

Last Answer : (B) Formulating a research question

Identify the correct sequence of research steps : (A) Selection of topic, review of literature, data collection, interpretation of findings (B) Review of literature, selection of topic, data collection, interpretation of findings (C) Selection of topic, data collection, review of literature, interpretation of findings (D) Selection of topic, review of literature, interpretation of findings, data collection

Description : Identify the correct sequence of research steps : (A) Selection of topic, review of literature, data collection, interpretation of findings (B) Review of literature, selection of topic, data ... of findings (D) Selection of topic, review of literature, interpretation of findings, data collection 

Last Answer : (A) Selection of topic, review of literature, data collection, interpretation of findings

Arrange the following steps of research in correct sequence: 1. Identification of research problem 2. Listing of research objectives 3. Collection of data 4. Methodology 5. Data analysis 6. Results and discussion (A) 1 – 2 – 3 – 4 – 5 – 6 (B) 1 – 2 – 4 – 3 – 5 – 6 (C) 2 – 1 – 3 – 4 – 5 – 6 (D) 2 – 1 – 4 – 3 – 5 – 6

Description : Arrange the following steps of research in correct sequence: 1. Identification of research problem 2. Listing of research objectives 3. Collection of data 4. Methodology 5. Data analysis 6. Results and discussion (A) 1 - 2 - 3 - 4 - 5 - ... C) 2 - 1 - 3 - 4 - 5 - 6 (D) 2 - 1 - 4 - 3 - 5 - 6

Last Answer : Answer: B

In qualitative research paradigm, which of the following features may be considered critical? (A) Data collection with standardised research tools. (B) Sampling design with probability sample techniques. (C) Data collection with bottom-up empirical evidences. (D) Data gathering to take with top-down systematic evidences.

Description : In qualitative research paradigm, which of the following features may be considered critical? (A) Data collection with standardised research tools. (B) Sampling design with probability sample techniques ... evidences. (D) Data gathering to take with top-down systematic evidences.

Last Answer : (C) Data collection with bottom-up empirical evidences.

The core elements of dissertation are (A) Introduction; Data Collection; Data Analysis; Conclusions and Recommendations (B) Executive Summary; Literature review; Data gathered; Conclusions; Bibliography (C) Research Plan; Research Data; Analysis; References (D) Introduction; Literature Review; Research Methodology; Results; Discussion and Conclusion

Description : The core elements of dissertation are (A) Introduction; Data Collection; Data Analysis; Conclusions and Recommendations (B) Executive Summary; Literature review; Data gathered; Conclusions; ... ; References (D) Introduction; Literature Review; Research Methodology; Results; Discussion and Conclusion

Last Answer : A

Mama Pasta's marketing manager believes that the firm's recent 40% increase in consumer sales is due to changes in costumer perceptions regarding the nutritional value of pasta. Which stage of the marketing research process has been completed? A)data interpretation B)data analysis C)hypothesis development D)problem expansion

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Last Answer : C)hypothesis development

The steps of the Historical method of research are given in a jumbled state. Select them in a scientific order from the following options 1. Identification of the problem. 2.Criticism of data 3. Interpretation of data 4. Collection of data Options: A) 1, 4, 3 and 2 B) 1, 2, 3 and 4 C) 1, 3, 2 and 4 D) 4, 3, 2 and 1

Description : The steps of the Historical method of research are given in a jumbled state. Select them in a scientific order from the following options 1. Identification of the problem. 2.Criticism of data 3. Interpretation of data 4. Collection of data ... B) 1, 2, 3 and 4 C) 1, 3, 2 and 4 D) 4, 3, 2 and 1

Last Answer : A) 1, 4, 3 and 2 

What is a Research Design? (A) A way of conducting research that is not grounded in theory. (B) The choice between using qualitative or quantitative methods. (C) The style in which you present your research findings e.g. a graph. (D) A framework for every stage of the collection and analysis of data.

Description : What is a Research Design? (A) A way of conducting research that is not grounded in theory. (B) The choice between using qualitative or quantitative methods. (C) The style in which you present your research ... e.g. a graph. (D) A framework for every stage of the collection and analysis of data. 

Last Answer : (D) A framework for every stage of the collection and analysis of data.

Generalised conclusion on the basis of a sample is technically known as: (A) Data analysis and interpretation (B) Parameter inference (C) Statistical inference (D) All of the above

Description : Generalised conclusion on the basis of a sample is technically known as: (A) Data analysis and interpretation (B) Parameter inference (C) Statistical inference (D) All of the above

Last Answer : (C) Statistical inference

If Master Foods Ltd knows that its market share in Ireland has dropped 13 percent in the first quarter of the year but does not know what might have contributed to this decline, it is in which stage of the marketing research process? A)hypothesis development B)symptom identification C)problem identification D)data interpretation

Description : If Master Foods Ltd knows that its market share in Ireland has dropped 13 percent in the first quarter of the year but does not know what might have contributed to this ... research process? A)hypothesis development B)symptom identification C)problem identification D)data interpretation

Last Answer : C)problem identification

Which of the following is not a characteristic of a research? Options: A) Irrelevant data collection B) Irrelevant data analysis C) Irrelevant conclusions D) All the above

Description : Which of the following is not a characteristic of a research? Options: A) Irrelevant data collection B) Irrelevant data analysis C) Irrelevant conclusions D) All the above

Last Answer : D) All the above

In an assurance engagement, this refers to the information obtained by the practitioner in arriving at the conclusions on which the conclusion is based. a. Criteria b. Assertions c. Evidence d. Generally accepted auditing standards

Description : In an assurance engagement, this refers to the information obtained by the practitioner in arriving at the conclusions on which the conclusion is based. a. Criteria b. Assertions c. Evidence d. Generally accepted auditing standards

Last Answer : Evidence

Formulation of hypothesis may NOT be required in: (A) Survey method (B) Historical studies (C) Experimental studies (D) Normative studies

Description : Formulation of hypothesis may NOT be required in: (A) Survey method (B) Historical studies (C) Experimental studies (D) Normative studies

Last Answer : (B) Historical studies

Which skill needed by the nurse to think critically involves identification of patient problems indicated by data? a) Analysis Analysis is used to identify patient problems indicated by data. b) Interpretation Interpretation is used to determine the significance of data that is gathered. c) Inferencing Inferences are used by the nurse to draw conclusions. d) Explanation Explanation is the justification of actions or interventions used to address patient problems and to help a patient move toward desired outcomes.

Description : Which skill needed by the nurse to think critically involves identification of patient problems indicated by data? a) Analysis Analysis is used to identify patient problems indicated by data. b) ... or interventions used to address patient problems and to help a patient move toward desired outcomes.

Last Answer : a) Analysis Analysis is used to identify patient problems indicated by data.

Which of the following is NOT characteristic of a nursing research? a. Development of theories, principles, and generalizations b. Uses chaotic method of problem-solving c. Requires full skill of writing report d. Involves precise observation and accurate description

Description : Which of the following is NOT characteristic of a nursing research? a. Development of theories, principles, and generalizations b. Uses chaotic method of problem-solving c. Requires full skill of writing report d. Involves precise observation and accurate description

Last Answer : b. Uses chaotic method of problem-solving

__________________ is the systematic development of a project idea for the eventual purpose of arriving at an investment decision. A. Project identification. B. Project formulation. C. Project feasibility. D. Project evaluation.

Description : __________________ is the systematic development of a project idea for the eventual purpose of arriving at an investment decision. A. Project identification. B. Project formulation. C. Project feasibility. D. Project evaluation.

Last Answer : B. Project formulation.

Given below are two premises, with four conclusions drawn from them (taking singly or together); which conclusions are validly drawn ? Select the correct answer from the codes given below : Premises : (i) All bats are mammals. (ii) Birds are not bats. Conclusions : (a) Birds are not mammals. (b) Bats are not birds. (c) All mammals are bats. (d) Some mammals are bats. Codes : (A) (a), (b) and (d) (B) (b) and (d) (C) (a) and (c) (D) (b), (c) and (d)

Description : Given below are two premises, with four conclusions drawn from them (taking singly or together); which conclusions are validly drawn ? Select the correct answer from the codes given below : Premises : (i) All bats are mammals. (ii) Birds are ... B) (b) and (d) (C) (a) and (c) (D) (b), (c) and (d)

Last Answer : Answer: B

Given below are two premises and four conclusions drawn from those premises. Select the code that expresses conclusion drawn validly from the premises (separately or jointly). Premises: (a) All dogs are mammals. (b) No cats are dogs. Conclusions: (i) No cats are mammals (ii) Some cats are mammals. (iii) No Dogs are cats (iv) No dogs are non-mammals. Codes: (A) (i) only (B) (i) and (ii) (C) (iii) and (iv) (D) (ii) and (iii)

Description : Given below are two premises and four conclusions drawn from those premises. Select the code that expresses conclusion drawn validly from the premises (separately or jointly). Premises: (a) All dogs are mammals. (b) No cats are ... ) (i) and (ii) (C) (iii) and (iv) (D) (ii) and (iii)

Last Answer : Answer: C

Two statements I and II given below are followed by two conclusions (a) and (b). Supposing the statements are true, which of the following conclusions can logically follow? Statements : I. Some flowers are red. II. Some flowers are blue. Conclusions : (a) Some flowers are neither red nor blue. (b) Some flowers are both red and blue. (A) Only (a) follows. (B) Only (b) follows. (C) Both (a) and (b) follow. (D) Neither (a) nor (b) follows.

Description : Two statements I and II given below are followed by two conclusions (a) and (b). Supposing the statements are true, which of the following conclusions can logically follow? Statements : I. Some flowers are red. II. Some ... ) follows. (C) Both (a) and (b) follow. (D) Neither (a) nor (b) follows.

Last Answer : (D) Neither (a) nor (b) follows.

Which of the following conclusions is logically valid based on statement given below? Statement: Most of the Indian states existed before independence. Conclusions: (I) Some Indian States existed before independence. (II) All Indian States did not exist before independence. (A) only (I) is implied (B) only (II) is implied (C) Both (I) and (II) are implied (D) Neither (I) nor (II) is implied

Description : Which of the following conclusions is logically valid based on statement given below? Statement: Most of the Indian states existed before independence. Conclusions: (I) Some Indian States existed before independence. (II) ... ) Both (I) and (II) are implied (D) Neither (I) nor (II) is implied

Last Answer : (B) only (II) is implied

Which of the following conclusions is logically valid based on statement given below? Statement: Most teachers are hard working. Conclusions: (I) Some teachers are hard working. (II) Some teachers are not hard working. (A) Only (I) is implied (B) Only (II) is implied (C) Both (I) and (II) are implied (D) Neither (I) nor (II) is implied

Description : Which of the following conclusions is logically valid based on statement given below? Statement: Most teachers are hard working. Conclusions: (I) Some teachers are hard working. (II) Some teachers are not hard working. ... (C) Both (I) and (II) are implied (D) Neither (I) nor (II) is implied

Last Answer : (C) Both (I) and (II) are implied

One of the aims of the scientific method in research is to: (A) improve data interpretation (B) eliminate spurious relations (C) confirm triangulation (D) introduce new variables

Description : One of the aims of the scientific method in research is to: (A) improve data interpretation (B) eliminate spurious relations (C) confirm triangulation (D) introduce new variables

Last Answer : Answer: B  aims of the scientific method in research is: Observe and Describe Predict Determination of the Causes Explain The aims of research can then be finetuned, or may serve to open up new areas of interest. Either way, the store of human knowledge has been enriched and increased.

Which of the following steps are required to design a questionnaire? (a) Writing primary and secondary aims of the study. (b) Review of the current literature. (c) Prepare a draft of questionnaire. (d) Revision of the draft. Select the correct answer from the codes given below: (A) (a), (b), (c) and (d) (B) (a), (b) and (c) (C) (a), (c) and (d) (D) (b), (c) and (d)

Description : Which of the following steps are required to design a questionnaire? (a) Writing primary and secondary aims of the study. (b) Review of the current literature. (c) Prepare a draft of questionnaire. (d) Revision of the draft. Select the ... (b) and (c) (C) (a), (c) and (d) (D) (b), (c) and (d)

Last Answer : Answer: A

In doing action research what is the usual sequence of steps? (A) Reflect, observe, plan, act (B) Plan, act, observe, reflect (C) Plan, reflect, observe, act (D) Act, observe, plan, reflect

Description : In doing action research what is the usual sequence of steps? (A) Reflect, observe, plan, act (B) Plan, act, observe, reflect (C) Plan, reflect, observe, act (D) Act, observe, plan, reflect

Last Answer : (B) Plan, act, observe, reflect

Which of the following sources of data is not based on primary data collection? (A) Census of India (B) National Sample Survey (C) Statistical Abstracts of India (D) National Family Health Survey

Description : Which of the following sources of data is not based on primary data collection? (A) Census of India (B) National Sample Survey (C) Statistical Abstracts of India (D) National Family Health Survey

Last Answer : (C) Statistical Abstracts of India

----------------------- helps in drawing inferences of conclusions a) Analysis b) Interpretation c) Comparison d) None of the above

Description : ----------------------- helps in drawing inferences of conclusions a) Analysis b) Interpretation c) Comparison d) None of the above

Last Answer : b) Interpretation

The process of deriving conclusions from the analysis is commonly termed as ---------------- a) Analysis b) Conclusion c) Comparison d) Interpretation

Description : The process of deriving conclusions from the analysis is commonly termed as ---------------- a) Analysis b) Conclusion c) Comparison d) Interpretation

Last Answer : d) Interpretation

When a researcher is engaged in research in a subjective manner, the result will be Options: A) inadequate formulation of objectives B) inadequate selection of apparatus C) inadequate collection of data D) All of the above

Description : When a researcher is engaged in research in a subjective manner, the result will be Options: A) inadequate formulation of objectives B) inadequate selection of apparatus C) inadequate collection of data D) All of the above

Last Answer : D) All of the above

The conclusions/findings of which type of research cannot be generalized to other situations? (A) Causal Comparative Research (B) Historical Research (C) Descriptive Research (D) Experimental Research

Description : The conclusions/findings of which type of research cannot be generalized to other situations? (A) Causal Comparative Research (B) Historical Research (C) Descriptive Research (D) Experimental Research

Last Answer : (B) Historical Research

Identify the incorrect statement: (A) A hypothesis is made on the basis of limited evidence as a starting point for further investigations. (B) A hypothesis is a basis for reasoning without any assumption of its truth. (C) Hypothesis is a proposed explanation for a phenomenon. (D) Scientific hypothesis is a scientific theory.

Description : Identify the incorrect statement: (A) A hypothesis is made on the basis of limited evidence as a starting point for further investigations. (B) A hypothesis is a basis for reasoning without ... is a proposed explanation for a phenomenon. (D) Scientific hypothesis is a scientific theory.

Last Answer : (D) Scientific hypothesis is a scientific theory. 

We use Factorial Analysis: (A) To know the relationship between two variables (B) To test the Hypothesis (C) To know the difference between two variables (D) To know the difference among the many variables

Description : We use Factorial Analysis: (A) To know the relationship between two variables (B) To test the Hypothesis (C) To know the difference between two variables (D) To know the difference among the many variables

Last Answer : (C) To know the difference between two variables

To test null hypothesis, a researcher uses: (A) t test (B) ANOVA (C) x 2 (D) factorial analysis

Description : To test null hypothesis, a researcher uses: (A) t test (B) ANOVA (C) x 2 (D) factorial analysis

Last Answer : Answer: B  Analysis of variance (ANOVA) is a collection of statistical models used to analyze the differences among group means and their associated procedures (such as "variation" among ... "variation" among and between groups), developed by statistician and evolutionary biologist Ronald Fisher.

The University Grants Commission was established with which of the following aims? (a) Promotion of research and development in higher education (b) Identifying and sustaining institutions of potential learning (c) Capacity building of teachers (d) Providing, autonomy to each and every higher educational institution in India Select the correct answer from the codes given below: (A) (a), (b) and (d) (B) (a), (b), (c) and (d) (C) (a), (b) and (c) (D) (b), (c) and (d)

Description : The University Grants Commission was established with which of the following aims?  (a) Promotion of research and development in higher education  (b) Identifying and sustaining institutions of potential learning (c) Capacity building of teachers ... ) (C) (a), (b) and (c) (D) (b), (c) and (d)

Last Answer : Answer: C

Which is the main objective of research ? (A) To review the literature (B) To summarize what is already known (C) To get an academic degree (D) To discover new facts or to make fresh interpretation of known facts

Description : Which is the main objective of research ? (A) To review the literature (B) To summarize what is already known (C) To get an academic degree (D) To discover new facts or to make fresh interpretation of known facts

Last Answer : (D) To discover new facts or to make fresh interpretation of known facts

Which of the following statements does not properly describe a limitation of an audit? a. Many audit conclusions are made on the basis of examining a sample of evidence. b. The work, under taken by the auditor is permeated by judgment. c. Fatigue and human weaknesses can cause auditors to overlook pertinent evidence. d. Many financial statement assertions cannot be audited

Description : Which of the following statements does not properly describe a limitation of an audit? a. Many audit conclusions are made on the basis of examining a sample of evidence. b. The ... weaknesses can cause auditors to overlook pertinent evidence. d. Many financial statement assertions cannot be audited

Last Answer : Fatigue and human weaknesses can cause auditors to overlook pertinent evidence

Which of the following statements does not properly describe a limitation of an audit? a. Many financial statement assertions cannot be audited. b. Many audit conclusions are made on the basis of examining a sample of evidence. c. The work, under taken by the auditor is permeated by judgment. d. Fatigue and human weaknesses can cause auditors to overlook pertinent evidence

Description : Which of the following statements does not properly describe a limitation of an audit? a. Many financial statement assertions cannot be audited. b. Many audit conclusions are made on the ... permeated by judgment. d. Fatigue and human weaknesses can cause auditors to overlook pertinent evidence

Last Answer : Fatigue and human weaknesses can cause auditors to overlook pertinent evidence

"Male and female students perform equally well in a numerical aptitude test." This statement indicates a: (A) statistical hypothesis (B) research hypothesis (C) null hypothesis (D) directional hypothesis

Description : "Male and female students perform equally well in a numerical aptitude test." This statement indicates a: (A) statistical hypothesis (B) research hypothesis (C) null hypothesis (D) directional hypothesis

Last Answer : (C) null hypothesis

A working hypothesis is (A) a proven hypothesis for an argument. (B) not required to be tested (C) a provisionally accepted hypothesis for further research (D) a scientific theory

Description : A working hypothesis is (A) a proven hypothesis for an argument. (B) not required to be tested (C) a provisionally accepted hypothesis for further research (D) a scientific theory

Last Answer : (C) a provisionally accepted hypothesis for further research

A null hypothesis is (A) when there is no difference between the variables (B) the same as research hypothesis (C) subjective in nature (D) when there is difference between the variables

Description : A null hypothesis is (A) when there is no difference between the variables (B) the same as research hypothesis (C) subjective in nature (D) when there is difference between the variables

Last Answer : (A) when there is no difference between the variables

Given below are some characteristics of logical argument. Select the code which expresses a characteristic which is not of inductive in character. (A) The conclusion is claimed to follow from its premises. (B) The conclusion is based on causal relation. (C) The conclusion conclusively follows from its premises. (D) The conclusion is based on observation and experiment

Description : Given below are some characteristics of logical argument. Select the code which expresses a characteristic which is not of inductive in character. (A) The conclusion is claimed to follow from ... conclusively follows from its premises. (D) The conclusion is based on observation and experiment

Last Answer : (C) The conclusion conclusively follows from its premises. 

Deductive argument involves (A) sufficient evidence (B) critical thinking (C) seeing logical relations (D) repeated observation

Description : Deductive argument involves (A) sufficient evidence (B) critical thinking (C) seeing logical relations (D) repeated observation

Last Answer : (C) seeing logical relations

Which opinion is not correct? (A) Education is a subject of concurrent list of VII schedule of Constitution of India (B) University Grants Commission is a statutory body (C) Patent, inventions, design, copyright and trademarks are the subject of concurrent list (D) Indian Council of Social Science Research is a statutory body related to research in social sciences

Description : Which opinion is not correct? (A) Education is a subject of concurrent list of VII schedule of Constitution of India (B) University Grants Commission is a statutory body (C) Patent, inventions ... D) Indian Council of Social Science Research is a statutory body related to research in social sciences

Last Answer : Answer: C State Election Commission: The power of superintendence, direction and control of all elections to the local government bodies vest with the State Election Commissions as envisaged in Article 243K ... of elections to the office of the President of India and the Vice-President of India