70% of the total mass of the atmosphere exists in the troposphere. Among the elements at this level are nitrogen , oxygen , carbon dioxide and water. The temperature and density of this layer depend on the topography. The upper limit of this layer extends up to 10 km from the surface . The average temperature at this level is 15 ° C at the surface and 56 ° C at the upper surface . The temperature at this level decreases with increasing altitude.