Description : Eukaryotic cells have extensive intracellular membranes, termed the endomembrane system, which divide the cell into structurally and functionally distinct compartments, or organelles. These include the inner cell ... . Name a cellular component whose membrane is not part of the endomembrane system.
Last Answer : Mitochondria; also chloroplasts
Description : Isolation of cellular components to determine their chemical composition is called (A) Cell differentiation (B) Chromatography (C) Cell fractionation (D) All of these
Last Answer : (C) Cell fractionation
Description : All membranes of free-living organisms have phospholipid bilayers, but exception is A- bacteria B- fungi C- archaea D- protozoa
Last Answer : archaea
Description : Which are the molecules that make possible active transport through membranes ?
Last Answer : Active transport is made by specific membrane proteins. These proteins are called “pumps” because they “pump” the moving substance through the membrane using energy from ATP molecules.
Description : What is the energy source used in active transport through biological membranes ?
Last Answer : The energy necessary for active transport (against the concentration gradient of the transported substance) to occur comes from ATP molecules. The active transportation uses chemical energy from ATP.
Description : Concerning their permeability how are membranes classified ?
Last Answer : Membranes can be classified as impermeable, permeable, semipermeable or selectively permeable. An impermeable membrane is that through which no substance can pass. Semipermeable membranes are those that let only ... the passage of solvent let only some specific solutes to pass blocking others.
Description : Do membranes form only the outer wrapping of cells ?
Last Answer : Lipid membranes do not form only the outer cover of cells. Cell organelles, such as the Golgi complex, mitochondria, chloroplasts, lysosomes, the endoplasmic reticula and the nucleus, are delimited by membranes too. Cell Structure Review - Image Diversity: cell nucleus
Description : Are plasma membranes the outer boundaries of all cells?
Last Answer : No, in many cells the plasma membrane is encased within an extraneous coat of nonliving material that usually confers some rigidity on the cell it surrounds. Although not affecting permeability, this ... of this structure is not completely clear. In Euglena, it consists of flexible protein strips.
Description : It is a mesh of interconnected membranes that serve a function involving protein synthesis and transport. (A) Endoplasmic reticulum B) Cytoskeleton (C) Golgi apparatus (D) Both A and B
Last Answer : (A) Endoplasmic reticulum
Description : By which of the following can movement of materials across animal cell membranes be accomplished? I Active transport, II Diffusion, III Pinocytosis (A) I only (B) II only (C) I and II only (D) All I, II, and III
Last Answer : Will be only two.
Description : SER is abundant in cells that are involved in (A) Lipid metabolism (B) Protein metabolism (C) Glucose metabolism (D) Calcium metabolism
Last Answer : (A) Lipid metabolism
Description : What are the main components of the cytoskeleton ?
Last Answer : The cytoskeleton is a network of very small tubules and filaments distributed throughout the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells. It is made of microtubules, microfilaments and intermediate filaments. Microtubules are ... are made of protein too. Cell Structure Review - Image Diversity: cytoskeleton
Description : What is meant by cellular secretion ?
Last Answer : Cell secretion is the elimination to the exterior of substances produced by the cell (for example, hormones, mucous, sweat, etc.)
Description : List several side-to-side cellular junctions that can influence cell signaling.
Last Answer : Gap junctions, desmosomes, adherens junctions, integrin connections
Description : List several general cellular processes regulated by receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs).
Last Answer : Cell growth, cell differentiation and cell survival (i.e. nutrient and stress signaling).
Description : Why do ion channels contribute to faster cellular responses than other signaling mechanisms, such as GPCR-mediated signaling?
Last Answer : Ion channels generate electrical signals, which signals travel much more rapidly than chemical signals that depend on the process of molecular diffusion. An electrical signal can traverse the entire length of a nerve cell within milliseconds.
Description : Mitochondria can be considered the ____________of the cell because they generate an enormous amount of cellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP) to fuel the cell.
Last Answer : “Power plant” or “Power house”
Description : Which of the following correctly matches an organelle with its function? (A) Mitochondrion . . . photosynthesis (B) Nucleus . . . cellular respiration (C) Ribosome . . . manufacture of lipids (D) Central vacuole . . . storage
Last Answer : (D) Central vacuole . . . storage
Description : What are the three components and the major parts of each that comprise the skeletal system?
Last Answer : What is the answer ?
Description : Phospholipids are important cell membrane components since (A) They have glycerol (B) Form bilayers in water (C) Have polar and non-polar portions (D) Combine covalently with proteins
Last Answer : Answer : C
Description : Phospholipids are important cell membrane components because (A) They have glycerol (B) They can form bilayers in water (C) They have both polar and non polar potions (D) They combine covalently with proteins
Description : Cytoskeletal elements are responsible for giving cells their shape and provide a basis for cell movement, migration, and cell division. Name the three major classes of cytoskeletal elements in eukaryotic cells.
Last Answer : Microtubules (composed of tubulin); actin filaments (made up of actin); intermediate filaments
Description : What are the three main types of passive transport ?
Last Answer : The three main types of passive transport are simple diffusion, osmosis and facilitated diffusion. Cell Membrane Review - Image Diversity: passive transport
Description : What are the three main parts of a eukaryotic cell ?
Last Answer : The eukaryotic cell can be divided into two main portions: the cell membrane that separates the intracellular space from the outer space phisically delimiting the cell; the cytoplasm, the interior ... and the nucleus, the membrane-delimited internal region that contains the genetic material.
Description : The major storage form of lipids is (A) Esterified cholesterol (B) Glycerophospholipids (C) Triglycerides (D) Sphingolipids
Description : What is found in some viruses and are external lipid membranes borrowed from the host cell.?
Last Answer : Lipid membrane called the Envelope
Description : Which of the following features is predicted by the Nicolson–Singer fluid mosaic model of biological membranes? (A) Membrane lipids do not diffuse laterally (B) Membrane lipid is primarily in a monolayer form (C) Membrane lipids freely flip-flop (D) Membrane proteins may diffuse laterally
Last Answer : Answer : D
Description : The basic structure of cell membranes (a) Is a lipid bilayer that serves as a barrier to water soluble molecules (b) Differs ultra structurally for internal and external membranes ... dispersed within a protein bilayer (d) Is visualised as bilaminar structure with transmission electron microscopy
Last Answer : Ans:(a)
Description : According to widely accepted fluid mosaic model cell membranes are semi-fluid, where lipids and integral proteins can diffuse randomly. In recent years, this model has been modified in several ... domains of the membrane. (d) Many proteins remain completely embedded within the lipid bilayer.
Last Answer : (b) Proteins can also undergo flip-flop movements in the lipid bilayer.
Description : 05. What kind of substances can’t permeate membranes by passive diffusion? a) Lipid-soluble b) Non-ionized substances c) Hydrophobic substances d) Hydrophilic substances 06. A hydrophilic medicinal agent
Last Answer : d) Hydrophilic substances
Description : What is the main cell organelle involved in cell digestion ?
Last Answer : What are the properties of that organelle that enable it to the task? The organelles responsible for intracellular digestion are the lysosomes. Lysosomes are vesicles that contain digestive enzymes ... digested and then digestion takes place. Cell Digestion Review - Image Diversity: lysosomes
Description : What are the two main types of endocytosis ?
Last Answer : Endocytosis is the entrance of materia in the cell engulfed by portions of the cell membrane. Endocytosis can be classified as pinocytosis or phagocytosis. In pinocytosis small particles on ... receiving the name phagosome. Cell Membrane Review - Image Diversity: pynocitosis phagocytosis
Description : What are the main cytoplasmic structures present in animal cells ?
Last Answer : The main cytoplasmic structures of the cell are the centrioles, the cytoskeleton, lysosomes, mitochondria, peroxisomes, the Golgi apparatus, the endoplasmic reticula and ribosomes. Cell Structure Review - Image Diversity: cell organelles
Description : What are the main structures within the cell nucleus ?
Last Answer : Within the cell nucleus the main structures are: the nucleolus, an optically dense region, spherical shaped, where there are concentrated ribosomal RNA (rRNA) associated to proteins (there may be ... cell interphase; the karyotecha, or nuclear membrane, the membrane that delimits the nucleus.
Description : What are the main respective constituents of cell walls in bacteria ?
Last Answer : protists, fungi and plants? In bacteria cell wall is made of peptidoglycans; among protists algae have cell wall made of cellulose; in fungi, the cell wall is made of chitin (the same substance that makes the exoskeleton of arthropods); in plants, the cell wall is made of cellulose too.
Description : What is the major component of plasma membranes?
Last Answer : Most of the membrane is composed of phospholipid molecules.These allow the membrane tobe rather fluid (not stiff). Embedded in this membrane areproteins which give some structure to ... the membrane andprevents higher temperatures from increasing fluidity.Cholesterol is only found in animal cells.
Description : Which of the following statements is not true about phospholipids? (a) They are similar to triacylglycerols except that the middle OH group of glycerol reacts with a phosphate rather than with a ... is a phospholipid. (d) The C-2 carbon of glycerol in phosphoacylglycerols has the R configuration
Last Answer : They are similar to triacylglycerols except that the middle OH group of glycerol reacts with a phosphate rather than with a fatty acid
Description : Which of the following types of molecules are the major structural components of cell membranes?
Last Answer : a. Phospholipids and proteins. ///// b. Phospholipids and cellulose.//// c. Nucleic acids and proteins.//// d. Glycoproteins and cholesterol.
Description : The complement system consists of a series of serum proteins that exist in a quiescent or very low-level state of activation in the uninfected host. Which of the following ... certain complement components serve as chemoattractants to additional cellular components of the host defense mechanism
Last Answer : Answer: a, c, d Complement activation can occur through either classic or alternate (properdin) pathways, both of which eventuate in deposition of terminal complement pathway components on the ... and release of lysosomal enzymes that can directly damage certain target tissues, such as the lung
Description : The eukaryotic cell cycle consists of discrete phases. One of these is named the M or mitosis phase during which the cell divides. Following the M phase is a period known as interphase that is made up of three distinct phases. Name, in order, the three separate phases of interphase.
Last Answer : G1, S and G2
Description : List three common second messengers and the enzyme responsible for their production:
Last Answer : - cAMP - synthesized from ATP by adenylate cyclase - diacylglycerol (DAG) and inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate (IP3)- produced by the phospholipase C - Ca2+ - released from intracellular stores (the second messenger IP3 is a common trigger for Ca2+ release).
Description : Name three classes of cell surface receptors
Last Answer : G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRS) - ion channel receptors - enzyme-linked receptors (example: receptor tyrosine kinases –RTKs)
Description : RNA molecules can be broken up into three classes-which type of RNA molecule is translated into a protein sequence?
Last Answer : Messenger RNA (mRNA). mRNAs are the RNA transcripts that contain protein coding sequences which are translated into protein.
Description : Name the three metabolic processes used to produce energy in a eukaryotic cell when oxygen is present.
Last Answer : Glycolysis, Citric Acid Cycle, Oxidative Phosphorylation. Or glycolysis and respiration, but the question specifies three processes.
Description : The three-dimensional network of protein filaments within the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells is called the (A) Endoplasmic reticulum (B) Golgi apparatus (C) Cytoskeleton (D) None of these
Last Answer : (C) Cytoskeleton
Description : Lysosomes have (A) Single-layered membrane (B) Double-layered membrane (C) Three-layered membrane (D) No membrane
Last Answer : (A) Single-layered membrane
Description : Functional system testing is: a) testing that the system functions with other systems b) testing that the components that comprise the system function together c) testing the end to end functionality of the system as a whole d) testing the system performs functions within specified response times
Last Answer : c) testing the end to end functionality of the system as a whole
Description : The software ................. of a program or a computing system is the structure or structures of the system, which comprise software components, the externally visible properties of those components, and the relationships among them. (A) Design (B) Architecture (C) Process (D) Requirement
Last Answer : (B) Architecture
Description : Cellular organelles with membranes are
Last Answer : Cellular organelles with membranes are A. Lysosomes, Golgi apparatus and mitochonria B. Nuclei, ... D. Endoplasmis reticulum, ribosomes and nuclei