Recall homework 2 in which we calculated emissivity for a single layer atmosphere.

If the atmosphere were to suddenly become a perfect emitter (i.e., if e = 1 rather

than e = 0.8), what would happen to the surface temperature?

(a) The surface temperature would be lower.

(b) The surface temperature would be the same.

(c) The surface temperature would be higher.

(d) There would be initial warming followed by cooling as the planet moves toward

radiative equilibrium.

1 Answer

Answer :

(c) The surface temperature would be higher.

Related questions

Description : What would happen if gravity suddenly doubled on Earth, but the mass of the atmosphere did not change? (a) Surface pressure would stay the same but the density would increase. (b) Surface ... (d) Surface density and pressure would stay the same because the atmosphere is in hydrostatic balance.

Last Answer : Surface pressure and density would both increase.

Description : was Greenland at some point in history green if so does that not point to a cycle of warming and cooling the planet goes though

Last Answer : answer:Greenland was named “Greenland” as a diversion against possible enemies trying to attack Iceland (which is actually the “green” land) It’s stupidly clever really.

Description : The thermal radiative flux from a surface of emissivity = 0.4 is 22.68 kW/m2 . The approximate surface temperature (K) is (Stefan-Boltzmann constant = 5.67 × 10 -8 W/m2 .K4 ) (A) 1000 (B) 727 (C) 800 (D) 1200

Last Answer : (A) 1000

Description : Consider the diurnal (daily) cycle of temperature at the surface. Why is the tem- perature maximum in the mid-to-late afternoon? (a) There is a net energy gain at the surface from dawn to mid- ... this time. (d) Late in the day, evaporation from the surface increases and this cools the surface.

Last Answer : There is a net energy gain at the surface from dawn to mid- afternoon.

Description : If Earth had no greenhouse gases, the planet would be ? (a) Too hot to support life. (b) Cooler but still able to support life. (c) Too cold to support life. EDIT: COMPLEX LIFE (d) It depends on the species of aerosol in the GHG-free atmosphere

Last Answer : Too cold to support life. EDIT: COMPLEX LIFE

Description : Increasing carbon dioxide will cause sea ice to reduce in spatial coverage. In turn, the reduced sea ice extent is a (a) Positive feedback on surface temperature because it has a greater albedo than ocean ( ... because sea ice has lower heat ca- pacity than ocean (d) Both B and C are true

Last Answer :  Positive feedback on surface temperature because it has a greater albedo than ocean

Description : The net effect of circulation is to move warm air from the and thus moderate the equator-to-pole energy gradient created by . (a) the tropics to the poles; the difference insolation absorbed in ... from the surface up to the tropopause; more heating in the atmosphere than at the surface from GHGs

Last Answer : the tropics to the poles; the latitudinal distribution of absorbed insolation

Description : Let's say we are flying over a large, flat part of Africa. Half of the area is hotter than the other half. The surface pressure is 1000 hPa everywhere. If we fly over at an elevation ... reads the same pressure everywhere. (d) The gauge varies with the latitude and the temperature of the surface.

Last Answer : (a) The cold part.

Description : The order of the atmospheric layers, starting from closest to the surface to the top of the atmosphere, is (a) Mesosphere, Troposphere, Thermosphere, Stratosphere (b) Troposphere, ... (c) Thermosphere, Mesophere, Troposphere, Stratosphere (d) Troposphere, Mesosphere, Stratosphere, Thermosphere

Last Answer : (b) Troposphere, Stratosphere, Mesosphere, Thermosphere

Description : Why are there jets in the midlatitudes in the upper troposphere? (a) Air is warmer in the tropics than the poles, resulting in a poleward pressure gradient that increases with increasing height. (b) Because ... d) Due to the constant bending by the Coriolis force. (e) Both A and D are correct.

Last Answer : (e) Both A and D are correct.

Description : Does anyone miss the 'Global Cooling' hype from the 1970's. Why?

Last Answer : I was in my negative-teens by that time, but I miss it. Because a cooler world would be nice. One of the first episodes (perhaps THE first?) of Sliders, Quinn does go into an alternate world in which “Global Cooling” was being talked about. And his squeeky fence was no longer squeeky.

Description : How was the atmosphere on Earth first formed? (a) Spontaneous combustion. (b) By comets and meteors, which were much more common at that time, delivering volatiles. (c) Evaporation from the ocean. (d) Volcanic emissions.

Last Answer : (b) By comets and meteors, which were much more common at that time, delivering volatiles.

Description : Air over the oceans is colder in summer and warmer in winter compared with air over the continental regions. This is because (a) Water is translucent and has a relatively high heat capacity compared ... B are true (e) The effect is due to the changes in circulation between continents and oceans

Last Answer : (d) Both A and B are true

Description : On average, how do low clouds affect the surface temperature (compared to a clear sky)? (a) Low clouds warm the surface by increasing the greenhouse effect (b) Low clouds cool the surface by ... surface by increasing the albedo (d) It depends on whether they are comprised of ice or liquid water

Last Answer : (c) Low clouds cool the surface by increasing the albedo

Description : On average, how do high clouds affect the surface temperature (compared to a clear sky)? (a) High clouds warm the surface by increasing the greenhouse effect (b) High clouds cool the surface ... surface by increasing the albedo (d) It depends on whether they are comprised of ice or liquid water

Last Answer : High clouds warm the surface by increasing the greenhouse effect

Description : This early atmosphere was rich in CO2 and H2O. How did oxygen enter our atmosphere? (a) Meteorites. (b) From organisms that evolved to convert CO2 and H20 into sugars (energy), resulting in the waste product oxygen. (c) Volcanic emissions. (d) Methanogenic bacteria.

Last Answer : (b) From organisms that evolved to convert CO2 and H20 into sugars (energy), resulting in the waste product oxygen.

Description : What is geostrophic balance? (a) The exact balance of incoming SW and outgoing LW radiation at the top of the atmosphere. (b) The exact balance of vertical pressure gradient and gravity in ... friction. (d) The exact balance of the Coriolis force and the horizontal pressure gradient force.

Last Answer : (d) The exact balance of the Coriolis force and the horizontal pressure gradient force.

Description : Given light of wavelength λa = 600nm and light of λb = 550nm, which has a higher energy per photon? (a) Ea > Eb (b) Ea = Eb (c) Neither has energy because light at these wavelengths carries no energy (d) Eb > Ea

Last Answer : (d) Eb > Ea

Description : The first step in the generation of a sea breeze is . (a) air over land expands and builds a pressure gradient at the surface that pushes air offshore (b) air over land expands and builds ... forms a cloud (d) air over land expands and builds a pressure gradient aloft that pushes air offshore

Last Answer : air over land expands and builds a pressure gradient aloft that pushes air offshore

Description : After the sun rises, rapid heating of the air over the land compared to that over the ocean often causes of near surface air over the land. (a) Localized subsidence and high pressure. (b ... and high pressure. (c) Localized subsidence and low pressure. (d) Localized convection and low pressure.

Last Answer : (d) Localized convection and low pressure.

Description : Why are there winds? (a) Because air flows down-hill. (b) Because of temperature differences. (c) Because air flows from high density to low density. (d) Because air flows along isobars.

Last Answer : (b) Because of temperature differences.

Description : In the stratosphere, why does temperature increase with increasing height? (a) Conduction. (b) Convection. (c) Greater absorption of ultraviolet radiation at the top of the strato- sphere. (d ... you go up through the strato- sphere, thus the ideal gas law requires temperature to increase too.

Last Answer : Greater absorption of ultraviolet radiation at the top of the strato- sphere.

Description : What place experiences the greatest seasonal variability in temperature? (a) The North Atlantic Ocean (b) Central Canada (c) Costa Rica, Central America (d) Mumbai, India.

Last Answer : (b) Central Canada

Description : How much would the sea level rise if all of the Arctic sea ice melted? (a) 0 m (b) 5 m (c) 10 m (d) 50 m

Last Answer : (a) 0 m

Description : What physical law gives the flux of energy of an idealized object above 0 K? (a) P = ρRT (b) So(r/r0) 2 (c) σT4 (d) hν

Last Answer : (c) σT4

Description : Tar is a better fuel than furnace oil, because of its (A) Higher calorific value (B) Lower sulphur content (C) Higher emissivity (0.8-0.9) resulting in higher radiation heat transfer rate (D) Both (A) and (B)

Last Answer : (D) Both (A) and (B)

Description : At a constant pressure, hot air than cold air (a) is more dense (b) is less dense (c) has more vapor (d) has less vapor

Last Answer : (b) is less dense

Description : Other things remaining the same, when a consumer's income increases, his equilibrium point moves to A.A higher indifference curve B.To the left-hand side on the same indifference curve C.Remains unchanged on the same indifference curve D.A lower indifference curve

Last Answer : A.A higher indifference curve

Description : Where is Your Favorite U.S.A. Climate?

Last Answer : Alaska.

Description : If profit of the company is Rs 20,000 , sales is 10 per unit and variable cost is Rs 4 per unit calculate Margin of safety. a) Rs 33,333.33 b) Rs 16,666.67 c) Rs 10,000 d) Rs 20,000

Last Answer : a) Rs 33,333.33

Description : The object of budgetary control is __________ a) Planning b) Forecasting c) organizing d) directing

Last Answer : a) Planning

Description : Has there been a steady decrease in the height of Greenland in the 20th Century? (a) Yes. (b) No. (c) The height has increased and decreased due to changing wind patterns. (d) Yes, because of dramatic increases in the calving rate of glacial ice into the surrounding ocean.

Last Answer : (b) No

Description : What is the relationship of absorbed solar to outgoing infrared at the poles? (a) Absorbed Solar > emitted IR (b) Absorbed Solar

Last Answer : (b) Absorbed Solar

Description : What is the relationship of absorbed solar to outgoing infrared in the tropics? (a) Absorbed Solar > emitted IR (b) Absorbed Solar < emitted IR (c) Absorbed Solar = emitted IR (d) It varies throughout the year.

Last Answer : (a) Absorbed Solar > emitted IR

Description : In the sea breeze, which onsets quickly (< 3 hours), air tends to move . (a) From areas of high pressure to low pressure (b) From areas of low pressure to high pressure (c) Along lines of equal pressure (isobars) (d) Across lines of equal pressure (isobars)

Last Answer : From areas of high pressure to low pressure

Description : In the sea breeze, which onsets quickly (< 3 hours), air tends to move . (a) From areas of high pressure to low pressure (b) From areas of low pressure to high pressure (c) Along lines of equal pressure (isobars) (d) Across lines of equal pressure (isobars)

Last Answer : (a) From areas of high pressure to low pressure

Description : For winds that last six hours or more, such as a midlatitude storm, the air movement is modified by which causes the air to be deflected to . (a) Hydrostatic Force; the right in the ... c) Friction; the left in the Northern Hemisphere (d) Coriolis Force; the left in the Northern Hemisphere

Last Answer : (b) Coriolis Force; the right in the Northern Hemisphere

Description : When did the Earth form? (a) 10 billion years ago (b) 4.6 billion years ago (c) 446 million years ago (d) 6,000 years ago

Last Answer : (b) 4.6 billion years ago

Description : Multiple Choice [1 point each] (1) The gases that contribute to the greenhouse effect on Earth are, in order of greatest to smallest in importance, (a) CO2, H20, CH4 (b) H20, CO2, CH4 (c) CH4, CO2, H20 (d) H20, CH4, CO2

Last Answer : (b) H20, CO2, CH4

Description : Newark Climate

Last Answer : Newark's Continental Climate More than anything, its temperature that makes or breaks a location. Who would want to relocate to a city with nothing but snow in the air and on the ground all ... following month, February, did little to alleviate the cold, as the record was -7 degrees Fahrenheit.

Description : Austria Climate

Last Answer : The Deep Seasons of Austria The climate in Austria is what you'd call the perfect year-round weather . Austria goes around the calender with four distinct seasons: the hot days and cool nights of ... , same as with the rest of the world, likely due to the worsening problems in global warming.

Description : What refers to the rate of thermal radiation emitter per unit area of a body?  A. Thermal conductivity  B. Absorptivity  C. Emissivity  D. Emissive power

Last Answer : Emissive power

Description : The type of radiative scattering commonly associated with the atmosphere and the reason the sky is blue is called what?  

Last Answer : ANSWER: RAYLEIGH SCATTERING

Description : While the total emissivity of a perfect black body is unity, the same for a real body is (A) 0 (B) 1 (C) > 1 (D) Between 0 and 1

Last Answer : (D) Between 0 and 1

Description : The progressive warming up of the earth's surface is mainly due to the (A) Automobile exhau (B) Blanketing effect of CO2 in the atmosphere (C) De-forestation (D) Thickening of ozone layer

Last Answer : (B) Blanketing effect of CO2 in the atmosphere

Description : Heat transfer rate to the charge/stock in a furnace does not depend upon the (A) Type of fuels viz. solid, liquid or gaseous (B) Flue gas temperature (C) Emissivity of refractory walls (D) Initial temperature of the charged stock

Last Answer : (A) Type of fuels viz. solid, liquid or gaseous

Description : The absorptivity of a body is equal to its emissivity (A) At a particular temperature (B) For circular bodies (C) Under thermal equilibrium (D) None of these

Last Answer : (C) Under thermal equilibrium

Description : Pitch creosote mixture (PCM) as compared to furnace oil is a better fuel, because its (A) Emissivity factor is higher (B) Sulphur content is lower (C) Flue gas has lower dew point thereby facilitating more waste heat recovery (D) All (A), (B) and (C)

Last Answer : (D) All (A), (B) and (C)

Description : Higher concentration of CO2 in atmosphere (A) Allows visible solar radiation (ultraviolet) of short wave-length to pass through (B) Reflects and absorbs the longer wavelength (infra-red) radiations (C) Prevents solar heat being ... in 'heat trap' i.e., global warming (D) All (A), (B) and (C)

Last Answer : (D) All (A), (B) and (C)

Description : Pick up the correct statement from the following: (A) The free quartz suddenly expands at a temperature lower than 600°C (B) The lime stone resists fire upto about 800°C and at higher temperature it splits into ... (C) The sand stone with silicates resist a fire in a better way (D) All the above

Last Answer : Answer: Option D