With view to Nitrous Oxide what is the major pharmacological problem?
A. Contraindicated in pregnancy
B. Contra indicated in cardiac dysrhythmias
C. Diffusion hypoxia at the end of the case due to slow solubility of the agent in blood

1 Answer

Answer :

C. Diffusion hypoxia at the end of the case due to slow solubility of the agent in blood

Related questions

Description : Which of the following is correct about Nitrous Oxide N2O: A. N2O has high analgesic and low anaesthetic property at its minimum anaesthetic dose. Low MAC; Max Anaesthetic Concentration B. Absolutely ... C. Has low blood diffusibility and result in hypoxia D. It is good anaesthetic and low MAC

Last Answer : C. Has low blood diffusibility and result in hypoxia

Description : 'Diffusion hypoxia’ is likely to occur only after use of nitrous oxide because it: A. Is a respiratory depressant B. Has low blood solubility and is used in high concentration C. Is a very potent anaesthetic D. Interferes with diffusion of oxygen into the tissues

Last Answer : B. Has low blood solubility and is used in high concentration

Description : When performing endotracheal suctioning, the nurse applies suctioning while withdrawing and gently rotating the catheter 360 degrees for which of the following time periods? a) 10-15 seconds In general ... suction for 0-5 seconds would provide too little time for effective suctioning of secretions.

Last Answer : a) 10-15 seconds In general, the nurse should apply suction no longer than 10-15 seconds because hypoxia and dysrhythmias may develop, leading to cardiac arrest.

Description : Nitrous Oxide (N2O) is not used alone as a general anaesthetic agent because of:** A. Difficulties in maintaining an adequate O2 concentration B. Adverse affects on liver C. Poor analgesics affects

Last Answer : C. Poor analgesics affects

Description : When the post-cardiac surgery patient demonstrates restlessness, nausea, weakness, and peaked T waves, the nurse reviews the patient's serum electrolytes anticipating which abnormality? a) Hyperkalemia ... likely be indicated by weakness, fatigue, and confusion without change in T wave formation

Last Answer : a) Hyperkalemia Hyperkalemia is indicated by mental confusion, restlessness, nausea, weakness, and dysrhythmias (tall, peaked T waves).

Description : A patient on the dental chair has cardiac arrest. What is INCORRECT, A. Observing the vital signs and check that the air way is clear is at high importance B. Expired air has 15% O2 only, ... D. Intermittent positive pressure is better than mouth to mouth when it has been given at the same rate.

Last Answer : C. Intermittent positive pressure at the rate of 40/min will reduce the chances of cerebral hypoxia

Description : What is true in treating a patient with secondary herpes simplex:** A. Acyclovir inhibits viral transcription when applied in the prodromal phase B. Idoxuridine is better than acyclovir when applied topically C. Antivirals are contra indicated in immuno-compromised patient

Last Answer : A. Acyclovir inhibits viral transcription when applied in the prodromal phase

Description : When taking Mono Amino Oxidase Inhibitors (MAOI); which drugs are contra indicated: I. Barbiturate II. Local anaesthetic III. Pethidine IV. Acetyl salicylic acid A. All of the above B. None of the above C. I, II and III D. II, III and IV

Last Answer : C. I, II and III

Description : All of the following statements about hemorrhagic shock are true except: A. Following hemorrhagic shock, there is an initial interstitial fluid volume contraction. B. Dopamine, or a similar inotropic ... shock, a narrowed pulse pressure is commonly seen before a fall in systolic blood pressure.

Last Answer : Answer: BC DISCUSSION: Hemorrhagic shock is associated with a contraction of the interstitial fluid compartment because of precapillary vasoconstriction and reabsorption of interstitial fluid ... definitive evidence that such solutions are better than standard crystalloid solutions is lacking

Description : A 65-year-old is interested in taking ginkgo. Which of the following statements is correct regarding ginkgo? (a) Ginkgo is contraindicated in diabetes and pregnancy (b) There is a ... drug-herb interaction between ginkgo and phenelzine (e) Ginkgo is contraindicated in patients with gallstone pain

Last Answer : Ans: B

Description : The normal serum value for potassium is a) 3.5-5.5 mEq/L. Serum potassium must be within normal limits to prevent cardiac dysrhythmias. b) 135-145 mEq/L. Normal serum sodium is 135-145 mEq/L. c) 96-106 mEq/L. ... is 96-106 mEq/L. d) 8.5-10.5 mg/dL. Normal total serum calcium is 8.5-10.5mg/dL.

Last Answer : a) 3.5-5.5 mEq/L. Serum potassium must be within normal limits to prevent cardiac dysrhythmias.

Description : The cerebral blood flow: a. is increased by hypercapnia b. is increased by hypoxia c. accounts for 15% of the total cardiac output d. all above

Last Answer : all above

Description : Which is not an anasthetic agent in surgical operations? (1) Chloroform (2) Ether (3) Nitrous oxide (4) Acetone

Last Answer : (4) Acetone Explanation: The currently used inhalational anaesthetic agents are mainly: nitrous oxide, isoflurane, sevoflurane and desflurane. Chloroform, ether, ethylene are other anaesthetic agents. However, they are not widely used in clinical practice today.

Description : Which is not an anasthetic agent in surgical operations? (1) Chloroform (2) Ether (3) Nitrous oxide (4) Acetone

Last Answer : Acetone

Description : Which of the following statement(s) is/are true concerning pharmacologic agents used in the treatment of shock? a. The primary difference between dopamine and dobutamine is the absence of significant a ... b-adrenergic effect, is a particularly useful agent in the treatment of all forms of shock

Last Answer : Answer: a, b, c Therapeutic adjustments of intravascular volume (preload) and systemic vascular resistance (afterload) form the basis of the treatment strategies for all ... careful constant monitoring of arterial pressure and repeated hemodynamic measurements with a pulmonary artery catheter

Description : Which of the following local anaesthetics is indicated in case of the need to long acting one after a surgical operation, A. Lidocaine B. Mepivacaine C. Bupivacaine (Marcaine)

Last Answer : C. Bupivacaine (Marcaine)

Description : ___________ is contraindicated during pregnancy due to its Teratogenicity. a) Folic acid b) Calcium c) Retinol d) Iron

Last Answer : c) Retinol 

Description : What is contraindicated to the use of calcium hydroxide for pulp capping: A. Accidental exposure of pulp B. Carious exposure of pulp in otherwise asymptomatic tooth C. Carious exposure of pulp in tooth that has been painful for weeks

Last Answer : C. Carious exposure of pulp in tooth that has been painful for weeks

Description : Drugs contraindicated with Monoaminoxidase Inhibitors (MAOI):VERY IMP AND CONTROVERSIAL QUESTION A. Barbiturates B. Pethidine C. Local Anaesthesia with felypressin D. Narcotic analgetics E. Salicylic acid

Last Answer : B. Pethidine

Description : 02. What does “pharmacokinetics” include? a) Pharmacological effects of drugs b) Unwanted effects of drugs c) Chemical structure of a medicinal agent d) Distribution of drugs in the organism

Last Answer : d) Distribution of drugs in the organism

Description : Which of the following is not a major pollutant from automobiles. w) carbon monoxide x) unburned hydrocarbons y) nitrous oxide z) sulfur dioxide 

Last Answer : ANSWER: Z -- SULFUR DIOXIDE

Description : While giving CPR which of the following is considered: a. It achieves 30% of cardiac output with 60 compressions per minute. b. It achieves normal blood oxygen levels with 12 reseparations ... starting compression. d. Cardiac output has to be monitored regularly by checking radial pulse.

Last Answer : c. You have to check compression point by thumbing before starting compression.

Description : While giving CPR which of the following is correct: A. It achieves 30% of cardiac output with 60 compressions per minute B. It achieves normal blood oxygen levels with 12 ... thumping before starting compression D. Cardiac output has to be monitored regularly by checking radial pulse.

Last Answer : C. You have to check compression point by thumping before starting compression

Description : Which of the following statement(s) is/are true concerning the treatment of pulmonary interstitial edema? a. Diuresis and blood transfusion is a valuable step b. Salt-poor albumin leaks through the ... a diuretic in this clinical situation d. Isoproterenol is a poor choice as an ionotropic agent

Last Answer : Answer: a Treatment of pulmonary edema has two important goals, the first is to improve oxygenation if it is impaired, and the second is to minimize fibrosis and bacterial infection, which often ... leaks out , the short term effects of expanding blood volume and decrease in edema will appear

Description : The most important factor which governs diffusion of drugs across capillaries other than those in the brain is: A. Blood flow through the capillary B. Lipid solubility of the drug C. pKa value of the drug D. pH of the medium

Last Answer : A. Blood flow through the capillary

Description : The most important factor which governs diffusion of drugs across capillaries other than those in the brain is: A. Blood flow through the capillary B. Lipid solubility of the drug C. pKa value of the drug D. pH of the medium

Last Answer : A. Blood flow through the capillary

Description : The following is true of mannitol except: A. It inhibits solute reabsorption in the thick ascending limb of loop of Henle B. It is contraindicated in patients with increased intracranial tension C. It ... acute left ventricular failure D. It is not used to treat cardiac or hepatic or renal edema

Last Answer : B. It is contraindicated in patients with increased intracranial tension

Description : Acid rain is due to air pollution by - (1) Carbon dioxide (2) Carbon monoxide (3) Methane (4) Nitrous oxide and Sulfur dioxide

Last Answer : (4) Nitrous oxide and Sulfur dioxide Explanation: The main chemicals in air pollution that create acid rain are sulfur dioxide (SO2) and Nitrous oxide (N2O).

Description : During a slow decompression, passengers will occur: a. The cabin temperature will fall as pressure reduces b. Body cavities (sinuses, ears, etc.) will become pressurised and may require assistance in ... will operate d. No contra effects, as slow decompression has no effect on the human body

Last Answer : b. Body cavities (sinuses, ears, etc.) will become pressurised and may require assistance in venting

Description : Opioid analgesics are either contraindicated or must be used with extreme caution in several clinical situations. For morphine, such situations do not include (a) Aqueous diffusion (b) Aqueous hydrolysis (c) Lipid diffusion (d) Pinocytosis or endocytosis (e) Special carrier transport

Last Answer : Ans: E

Description : Are cholagogues contraindicated in pregnancy?

Last Answer : Certainly this is not a medication you would take without the advice of your doctor. However, it can help the removal of bile from the mother's liver, helping the fetus.

Description : The following statements are true of oral anticoagulants except: A. They interfere with an early step in the synthesis of clotting factors B. Irrespective of the dose administered, their ... dose is adjusted by repeated measurement of prothrombin time D. They are contraindicated during pregnancy

Last Answer : A. They interfere with an early step in the synthesis of clotting factors

Description : Ergometrine is contraindicated in the following conditions except: A. Multiparity B. Toxaemia of pregnancy C. Pelvic sepsis D. Peripheral vascular disease

Last Answer : A. Multiparity

Description : Prophylactic administration of antibiotic is indicated before oral surgery in patients with: A. Herpes simplex B. Whooping cough C. Bacterial endocarditis

Last Answer : C. Bacterial endocarditis

Description : At what rate should chest cardiac compression be done in an adult:** A. 12 times a minute B. 24 times a minute C. 50 times a minute D. 80 times a minute

Last Answer : D. 80 times a minute

Description : Von Willebrand disease is, A. Haemophilic disease B. Bacterial Endocarditis C. Congenital cardiac disease D. Rheumatic fever Decreased PTT, bleeding time prolonged, deficiency factor VIII

Last Answer : A. Haemophilic disease

Description : Signs and symptoms that commonly suggest cardiac failure in a patient being assessed for oral surgery are, A. Elevated temperature and nausea B. Palpitations and malaise C. Ankle oedema and dyspnoea D. Erythema and pain E. Pallor and tremor

Last Answer : C. Ankle oedema and dyspnoea

Description : Which of the following does not physiologically increase in pregnancy Options: 1) Stroke Volume 2) Cardiac output 3) Intravascular Volume 4) Blood Pressure

Last Answer : Correct Answer: 4) Blood Pressure

Description : What is correct in regard to high copper amalgam, A. Reacts and strengthens the amalgam by its dispersion properties B. Reacts to form copper-tin phase thereby eliminating the tin-mercury ... thereby eliminating the silver mercury phase D. Reacts and strengthens the amalgam by its grain diffusion

Last Answer : B. Reacts to form copper-tin phase thereby eliminating the tin-mercury phase

Description : Why is the frequency of carbohydrate intake more important than the quantity: A. Low number of streptococcus mutans B. Hetero formation is better at low sugar concentration C. Homo formation is better at high sugar intake D. Restricted diffusion of acid through plaque

Last Answer : D. Restricted diffusion of acid through plaque

Description : most common and dangerous side effect of anti-pregnancy drugs. 1) hypotension 2) thromboembolism 3) uterine cancer 4) headache

Last Answer : 2) thromboembolism

Description : Which of the following is true regarding gingivosis (Desquamative gingivitis) A. It is caused by hormononal imbalance B. Is seen only at or after menopause C. Is frequently caused by lichen planus D. Is a variant pregnancy gingivitis E. Is related to nutritional disturbance

Last Answer : C. Is frequently caused by lichen planus

Description : Which of the following statements concerning monitoring techniques in the intensive care unit are true? A. Pulmonary artery and pulmonary capillary wedge pressure readings should be made ... clinical conditions not associated with tissue hypoxia, including liver disease and hypermetabolic states.

Last Answer : Answer: BD DISCUSSION: Many different monitoring techniques may be used to assess the adequacy of therapy for shock. The pulmonary artery catheter can provide important hemodynamic and oxygen ... also be seen with liver disease, toxin ingestion, and hypermetabolic states not associated with shock

Description : The patient receiving mitoxantrone (Novantrone) for treatment of secondary progressive multiple sclerosis (MS) is closely monitored for a) leukopenia and cardiac toxicity. Mitoxantrone is an ... d) hypoxia. Patients receiving mitoxantrone are closely monitored for leukopenia and cardiac toxicity.

Last Answer : a) leukopenia and cardiac toxicity. Mitoxantrone is an antineoplastic agent used primarily to treat leukemia and lyphoma but is also used to treat secondary progressive MS. Patients need to have ... ordered and the results closely monitored due to the potential for leukopenia and cardiac toxicity.

Description : Can you buy nitrous oxide on the street?

Last Answer : It’s available in your supermarket. It’s used as an propellant in cans of Cool Whip, among other products.

Description : Street legality of nitrous oxide in Texas?

Last Answer : There is law in Texas?

Description : What does nitrous oxide feel like?

Last Answer : it just relaxes you until you go to sleep its great!

Description : What is nitrous oxide gas ?

Last Answer : Nitrous oxide is a combination of nitrogen and oxygen whose signal is N2O. It usually causes laughter.