The Computer Misuse Act was voted into law in the United Kingdom, partially based on the outcome of a 1987 case, R V Gold and Schifreen. Stephen Gold and Robert Schifreen were able to gain access British Telecom through its Prestel service by using regular home computers. They had obtained the password by shoulder Surfing at a trade show. Once they gained access to Prestel, they managed to gain access to the personal messages of Prince Philip. The Computer Misuse Act introduced three new criminal codes. They are unauthorized access to a computer, unauthorized access to a computer with the intent of engaging in further offenses, and unauthorized modification of computer information.