Inductive logic studies the way in which a premise may (A) support and entail a conclusion (B) not support but entail a conclusion (C) neither support nor entail a conclusion (D) support a conclusion without entailing it

Inductive logic studies the way in which a premise may (A) support and entail a conclusion (B) not support but entail a conclusion (C) neither support nor entail a conclusion (D) support a conclusion without entailing it
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(D) support a conclusion without entailing it
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Which of the following statements are false ? Choose from the code given below : 1. Inductive arguments always proceed from the particular to the general. 2. A cogent argument must be inductively strong. 3. A valid argument may have a false premise and a false conclusion. 4. An argument may legitimately be spoken of as ‘true’ or ‘false’. Code : (A) 2, 3 and 4 (B) 1 and 3 (C) 2 and 4 (D) 1 and 2

Description : Which of the following statements are false ? Choose from the code given below : 1. Inductive arguments always proceed from the particular to the general. 2. A cogent argument must be inductively strong. 3. A valid argument may have a ... (A) 2, 3 and 4 (B) 1 and 3 (C) 2 and 4 (D) 1 and 2

Last Answer : (C) 2 and 4

When the conclusion of an argument follows from its premise/premises conclusively, the argument is called (A) Circular argument (B) Inductive argument (C) Deductive argument (D) Analogical argument

Description : When the conclusion of an argument follows from its premise/premises conclusively, the argument is called (A) Circular argument (B) Inductive argument (C) Deductive argument (D) Analogical argument

Last Answer : (C) Deductive argument

Given below are some characteristics of reasoning. Select the code that states a characteristic which is not of deductive reasoning: (A) The conclusion must be based on observation and experiment (B) The conclusion should be supported by the premise/premises (C) The conclusion must follow from the premise/premises necessarily (D) The argument may be valid or invalid

Description : Given below are some characteristics of reasoning. Select the code that states a characteristic which is not of deductive reasoning: (A) The conclusion must be based on observation and experiment ( ... must follow from the premise/premises necessarily (D) The argument may be valid or invalid

Last Answer : (A) The conclusion must be based on observation and experiment

Select the code, which is not correct in the context of deductive argument with two premises: (A) An argument with one true premise, one false premise and a false conclusion may be valid. (B) An argument with two true premises and a false conclusion may be valid. (C) An argument with one true premise, one false premise and a true conclusion may be valid. (D) An argument with two false premises and a false conclusion may be valid.

Description : Select the code, which is not correct in the context of deductive argument with two premises: (A) An argument with one true premise, one false premise and a false conclusion may be valid. (B) An argument ... may be valid. (D) An argument with two false premises and a false conclusion may be valid. 

Last Answer : (B) An argument with two true premises and a false conclusion may be valid. 

Choose the right code: A deductive argument claims that: I. The conclusion does not claim something more than that which is contained in the premises. II. The conclusion is supported by the premise/premises conclusively. III. If the conclusion is false, then premise/premises may be either true or false. IV. If premise/combination of premises is true, then conclusion must be true. Codes : (A) I and II (B) I and III (C) II and III (D) All the above

Description : Choose the right code: A deductive argument claims that: I. The conclusion does not claim something more than that which is contained in the premises. II. The conclusion is supported by the premise/premises conclusively. III. If ... (A) I and II (B) I and III (C) II and III (D) All the above

Last Answer : Answer: A

If one premise is negative the conclusion must be________. A) Negative B) Positive C) Both negative and positive D) Neither negative nor positive.

Description : If one premise is negative the conclusion must be________. A) Negative B) Positive C) Both negative and positive D) Neither negative nor positive. 

Last Answer : A) Negative 

Which one among the following is not a characteristic of a deductive type of argument ? (A) The conclusion follows from the premise/premises necessarily. (B) The argument admits degree of complexity. (C) The argument provides us knowledge about matters of fact. (D) The argument must be either valid or invalid.

Description : Which one among the following is not a characteristic of a deductive type of argument ? (A) The conclusion follows from the premise/premises necessarily. (B) The argument admits degree of complexity. ( ... provides us knowledge about matters of fact. (D) The argument must be either valid or invalid.

Last Answer : (C) The argument provides us knowledge about matters of fact.

A deductive argument can not be valid : (A) If its premise / premises is/are true and its conclusion is true. (B) If its premise / premises is /are true and its conclusion is false. (C) If its premise / premises is/are false and its conclusion is false. (D) If its premise / premises is / are false and its conclusion is true.

Description : A deductive argument can not be valid : (A) If its premise / premises is/are true and its conclusion is true. (B) If its premise / premises is /are true and its conclusion is false. (C) If ... conclusion is false. (D) If its premise / premises is / are false and its conclusion is true.

Last Answer : (B) If its premise / premises is /are true and its conclusion is false

Given below are some characteristics of logical argument. Select the code which expresses a characteristic which is not of inductive in character. (A) The conclusion is claimed to follow from its premises. (B) The conclusion is based on causal relation. (C) The conclusion conclusively follows from its premises. (D) The conclusion is based on observation and experiment

Description : Given below are some characteristics of logical argument. Select the code which expresses a characteristic which is not of inductive in character. (A) The conclusion is claimed to follow from ... conclusively follows from its premises. (D) The conclusion is based on observation and experiment

Last Answer : (C) The conclusion conclusively follows from its premises. 

A stipulative definition may be said to be (A) Always true (B) Always false (C) Sometimes true, sometimes false (D) Neither true nor false

Description : A stipulative definition may be said to be (A) Always true (B) Always false (C) Sometimes true, sometimes false (D) Neither true nor false

Last Answer : (D) Neither true nor false

The fallacy occurs when the minor term which is not distributed in the minor premise but distributed in the conclusion is A) Ambiguous minor B) Undistributed middle C) Equivocation D) Illicit minor.

Description : The fallacy occurs when the minor term which is not distributed in the minor premise but distributed in the conclusion is A) Ambiguous minor B) Undistributed middle C) Equivocation D) Illicit minor. 

Last Answer : D) Illicit minor. 

The fallacy occurs when the major term which is not distributed in the major premise but distributed in the conclusion is A) Ambiguous major B) Undistributed middle C) Illicit major D) Equivocation.

Description : The fallacy occurs when the major term which is not distributed in the major premise but distributed in the conclusion is A) Ambiguous major B) Undistributed middle C) Illicit major D) Equivocation. 

Last Answer : C) Illicit major

Copula is that part of proposition which denotes the relationship between: (A) Subject and predicate (B) Known and unknown (C) Major premise and minor premise (D) Subject and object

Description : Copula is that part of proposition which denotes the relationship between: (A) Subject and predicate (B) Known and unknown (C) Major premise and minor premise (D) Subject and object

Last Answer : Answer: A

Which of the following statements are correct in respect of Niti Aayog? (a) It is a constitutional body. (b) It is a statutory body. (c) It is neither a constitutional body nor a statutory body. (d) It is a think-tank. Select the correct answer from the codes given below: (A) (a) and (d) (B) (b) and (d) (C) (c) and (d) (D) (b), (c) and (d)

Description : Which of the following statements are correct in respect of Niti Aayog? (a) It is a constitutional body. (b) It is a statutory body. (c) It is neither a constitutional body nor a statutory body. (d) It is a think-tank. Select the ... (d) (B) (b) and (d) (C) (c) and (d) (D) (b), (c) and (d)

Last Answer : Answer: C 

A stipulative definition is (A) always true (B) always false (C) sometimes true sometimes false (D) neither true nor false

Description : A stipulative definition is (A) always true (B) always false (C) sometimes true sometimes false (D) neither true nor false

Last Answer : (D) neither true nor false

Two statements I and II given below are followed by two conclusions (a) and (b). Supposing the statements are true, which of the following conclusions can logically follow? Statements : I. Some flowers are red. II. Some flowers are blue. Conclusions : (a) Some flowers are neither red nor blue. (b) Some flowers are both red and blue. (A) Only (a) follows. (B) Only (b) follows. (C) Both (a) and (b) follow. (D) Neither (a) nor (b) follows.

Description : Two statements I and II given below are followed by two conclusions (a) and (b). Supposing the statements are true, which of the following conclusions can logically follow? Statements : I. Some flowers are red. II. Some ... ) follows. (C) Both (a) and (b) follow. (D) Neither (a) nor (b) follows.

Last Answer : (D) Neither (a) nor (b) follows.

Which of the following conclusions is logically valid based on statement given below? Statement: Most of the Indian states existed before independence. Conclusions: (I) Some Indian States existed before independence. (II) All Indian States did not exist before independence. (A) only (I) is implied (B) only (II) is implied (C) Both (I) and (II) are implied (D) Neither (I) nor (II) is implied

Description : Which of the following conclusions is logically valid based on statement given below? Statement: Most of the Indian states existed before independence. Conclusions: (I) Some Indian States existed before independence. (II) ... ) Both (I) and (II) are implied (D) Neither (I) nor (II) is implied

Last Answer : (B) only (II) is implied

Which of the following conclusions is logically valid based on statement given below? Statement: Most teachers are hard working. Conclusions: (I) Some teachers are hard working. (II) Some teachers are not hard working. (A) Only (I) is implied (B) Only (II) is implied (C) Both (I) and (II) are implied (D) Neither (I) nor (II) is implied

Description : Which of the following conclusions is logically valid based on statement given below? Statement: Most teachers are hard working. Conclusions: (I) Some teachers are hard working. (II) Some teachers are not hard working. ... (C) Both (I) and (II) are implied (D) Neither (I) nor (II) is implied

Last Answer : (C) Both (I) and (II) are implied

Which of the two given options is of the level of understanding? (I) Define noun. (II) Define noun in your own words. (A) Only I (B) Only II (C) Both I and II (D) Neither I nor II

Description : Which of the two given options is of the level of understanding? (I) Define noun. (II) Define noun in your own words. (A) Only I (B) Only II (C) Both I and II (D) Neither I nor II

Last Answer : Answer: B  Human cognition is having 3 levels of thinking process viz. Memory Level ; Understanding Level; and Reflective Level. Among these, Memory level is related to Recall and Recognition of ... and ABSORPTION of the content hence the option 2 is reflects the understanding level in clare terms.

Statements : I. All students are ambitious II. All ambitious persons are hard working Conclusions : (i) All students are hard-working (ii) All hardly working people are not ambitious Which of the following is correct? (A) Only (i) is correct (B) Only (ii) is correct (C) Both (i) and (ii) are correct (D) Neither (i) nor (ii) is correct

Description : Statements : I. All students are ambitious II. All ambitious persons are hard working Conclusions : (i) All students are hard-working (ii) All hardly working people are not ambitious Which of the following is ... (C) Both (i) and (ii) are correct (D) Neither (i) nor (ii) is correct

Last Answer : Answer: C

Which of the following statements are true? Choose from the codes given below. 1. Some arguments, while not completely valid, are almost valid. 2. A sound argument may be invalid. 3. A cogent argument may have a probably false conclusion. 4. A statement may be true or false. Codes: (A) 1 and 2 (B) 1, 3 and 4 (C) 4 alone (D) 3 and 4

Description : Which of the following statements are true? Choose from the codes given below. 1. Some arguments, while not completely valid, are almost valid. 2. A sound argument may be invalid. 3. A cogent argument may have a probably false ... Codes: (A) 1 and 2 (B) 1, 3 and 4 (C) 4 alone (D) 3 and 4

Last Answer : (D) 3 and 4

If one premise is particular the conclusion must be_________. A) Universal B) Negative C) Affirmative D) Particular.

Description : If one premise is particular the conclusion must be_________. A) Universal B) Negative C) Affirmative D) Particular. 

Last Answer : D) Particular.  

A ___________ is a mixed syllogism whose major premise is a disjunctive propositions and whose minor premise and conclusion are categorical propositions. A) Categorical syllogism B) Hypothetical syllogism C) Disjunctive syllogism D) Dilemma.

Description : A ___________ is a mixed syllogism whose major premise is a disjunctive propositions and whose minor premise and conclusion are categorical propositions. A) Categorical syllogism B) Hypothetical syllogism C) Disjunctive syllogism D) Dilemma. 

Last Answer : C) Disjunctive syllogism  

A syllogism in which the major premise is a hypothetical proposition, the minor and the conclusion are categorical propositions is a_______. A) Categorical syllogism B) Hypothetical syllogism C) Disjunctive syllogism D) Dilemma.

Description : A syllogism in which the major premise is a hypothetical proposition, the minor and the conclusion are categorical propositions is a_______. A) Categorical syllogism B) Hypothetical syllogism C) Disjunctive syllogism D) Dilemma. 

Last Answer : B) Hypothetical syllogism 

____________ is a fallacy which occurs when in a syllogism the minor term means one thing in the minor premise and quite another in the conclusion. A) Fallacy of ambiguous major B) Fallacy of ambiguous minor C) Fallacy of ambiguous middle D) Fallacy of undistributed middle.

Description : ____________ is a fallacy which occurs when in a syllogism the minor term means one thing in the minor premise and quite another in the conclusion. A) Fallacy of ambiguous major B) Fallacy of ambiguous minor C) Fallacy of ambiguous middle D) Fallacy of undistributed middle. 

Last Answer :  B) Fallacy of ambiguous minor

____________ is a fallacy which occurs when a syllogism uses its major term in one sense in the premise and in a different sense in the conclusion. A) Fallacy of ambiguous major B) Fallacy of ambiguous minor C) Fallacy of ambiguous middle D) Fallacy of undistributed middle

Description :  ____________ is a fallacy which occurs when a syllogism uses its major term in one sense in the premise and in a different sense in the conclusion. A) Fallacy of ambiguous major B) Fallacy of ambiguous minor C) Fallacy of ambiguous middle D) Fallacy of undistributed middle

Last Answer : A) Fallacy of ambiguous major

The minor term is the _______________. A) subject of the conclusion B) predicate of the conclusion C) subject of the major premise D) predicate of the major premise.

Description : The minor term is the _______________. A) subject of the conclusion B) predicate of the conclusion C) subject of the major premise D) predicate of the major premise.

Last Answer : A) subject of the conclusion

The major term is the _______________. A) subject of the conclusion B) copula C) predicate of the conclusion D) predicate of the minor premise.

Description : The major term is the _______________. A) subject of the conclusion B) copula C) predicate of the conclusion D) predicate of the minor premise.

Last Answer :  B) copula 

A deductive argument is sound if and only if it is A) valid and all its premises are true B) invalid and all its premises are true C) is valid and one of the premise is false D) is valid and its conclusion is false.

Description : A deductive argument is sound if and only if it is A) valid and all its premises are true B) invalid and all its premises are true C) is valid and one of the premise is false D) is valid and its conclusion is false. 

Last Answer : A) valid and all its premises are true 

The falsehood of a valid deductive argument’s conclusion guarantees that A) the argument is sound B) atleast one of the premise is false C) premises are true D) the validity is uncertain.

Description : The falsehood of a valid deductive argument’s conclusion guarantees that A) the argument is sound B) atleast one of the premise is false C) premises are true D) the validity is uncertain. 

Last Answer : B) atleast one of the premise is false 

Formulation of hypothesis may NOT be required in: (A) Survey method (B) Historical studies (C) Experimental studies (D) Normative studies

Description : Formulation of hypothesis may NOT be required in: (A) Survey method (B) Historical studies (C) Experimental studies (D) Normative studies

Last Answer : (B) Historical studies

Our present higher secondary curriculum is based on the premise that a number of courses in our scheme of studies which have identifical elements. This statement is based on the (a) Theory of identical component (b) Theory of mental faculty (c) Theory of formal discipline (d) Theory of generalizations

Description : Our present higher secondary curriculum is based on the premise that a number of courses in our scheme of studies which have identifical elements. This statement is based on the (a) Theory of identical ... (b) Theory of mental faculty (c) Theory of formal discipline (d) Theory of generalizations

Last Answer : (c) Theory of formal discipline

Select the code which states the condition of an invalid deductive argument : (A) All the premises are true but the conclusion is false. (B) Some of the premises are true but the conclusion is false. (C) All the premises are false and the conclusion is also false. (D) All the premises are true and the conclusion is also true.

Description : Select the code which states the condition of an invalid deductive argument : (A) All the premises are true but the conclusion is false. (B) Some of the premises are true but the conclusion is false. ... the conclusion is also false. (D) All the premises are true and the conclusion is also true.

Last Answer : (A) All the premises are true but the conclusion is false. 

A deductive argument is invalid if: (A) Its premises and conclusions are all true (B) Its premises and conclusions are all false (C) Its premises are true but its conclusion is false (D) Its premises are false but its conclusion is true

Description : A deductive argument is invalid if: (A) Its premises and conclusions are all true (B) Its premises and conclusions are all false (C) Its premises are true but its conclusion is false (D) Its premises are false but its conclusion is true

Last Answer : (C) Its premises are true but its conclusion is false

Men and woman may have different reproductive strategies but neither can be considered inferior or superior to the other, any more than a bird’s wings can be considered superior or inferior to a fish’s fins. What type of argument it is? (A) Biological (B) Physiological (C) Analogical (D) Hypothetical

Description : Men and woman may have different reproductive strategies but neither can be considered inferior or superior to the other, any more than a bird's wings can be considered superior or inferior to a fish's ... What type of argument it is? (A) Biological (B) Physiological (C) Analogical (D) Hypothetical

Last Answer : Answer: C

For advancing knowledge, the latest strategy used by mankind is (A) consulting an authority (B) deductive reasoning (C) scientific thinking (D) inductive reasonin

Description : For advancing knowledge, the latest strategy used by mankind is (A) consulting an authority (B) deductive reasoning (C) scientific thinking (D) inductive reasoning

Last Answer : (C) scientific thinking

If we want to seek new knowledge of facts about the world, we must rely on reason of the type: (A) Physiological (B) Inductive (C) Deductive (D) Demonstrative

Description : If we want to seek new knowledge of facts about the world, we must rely on reason of the type: (A) Physiological (B) Inductive (C) Deductive (D) Demonstrative

Last Answer : (B) Inductive

Inductive reasoning is grounded on: (A) Harmony of nature (B) Integrity of nature (C) Unity of nature (D) Uniformity of nature

Description : Inductive reasoning is grounded on: (A) Harmony of nature (B) Integrity of nature (C) Unity of nature (D) Uniformity of nature

Last Answer : (D) Uniformity of nature

Maximum participation of students during teaching is possible through (A) Lecture method (B) Demonstration method (C) Inductive method (D) Textbook method

Description : Maximum participation of students during teaching is possible through (A) Lecture method (B) Demonstration method (C) Inductive method (D) Textbook method

Last Answer : (C) Inductive method

Inductive reasoning presupposes (A) unity in human nature (B) integrity in human nature (C) uniformity in human nature (D) harmony in human nature

Description : Inductive reasoning presupposes (A) unity in human nature (B) integrity in human nature (C) uniformity in human nature (D) harmony in human nature

Last Answer : Answer: C

A reasoning where we start with certain particular statements and conclude with a universal statement is called (A) Deductive Reasoning (B) Inductive Reasoning (C) Abnormal Reasoning (D) Transcendental Reasoning

Description : A reasoning where we start with certain particular statements and conclude with a universal statement is called (A) Deductive Reasoning (B) Inductive Reasoning (C) Abnormal Reasoning (D) Transcendental Reasoning

Last Answer : (D) Transcendental Reasoning

Syllogistic reasoning is: (A) Deductive (B) Inductive (C) Experimental (D) Hypothetical

Description : Syllogistic reasoning is: (A) Deductive (B) Inductive (C) Experimental (D) Hypothetical

Last Answer : (A) Deductive

Creative marketing can be defined as __________. a. A marketing department entailing several employees. b. The brand value of an organization. c. A set of schemes undertaken by the organization for distributing the marketing material. d. The marketing content and its inventive aspect.

Description : Creative marketing can be defined as __________. a. A marketing department entailing several employees. b. The brand value of an organization. c. A set of schemes undertaken by the organization for distributing the marketing material. d. The marketing content and its inventive aspect.

Last Answer : d. The marketing content and its inventive aspect.

Select the code which is not correct : An analogical argument is strengthened by (A) increasing the number of entities. (B) increasing the number of similar respects. (C) reducing the claim made earlier stronger. (D) making the conclusion stronger when premises remain unchanged.

Description : Select the code which is not correct :  An analogical argument is strengthened by (A) increasing the number of entities. (B) increasing the number of similar respects. (C) reducing the claim made earlier stronger. (D) making the conclusion stronger when premises remain unchanged.

Last Answer : (D) making the conclusion stronger when premises remain unchanged. 

The core elements of dissertation are (A) Introduction; Data Collection; Data Analysis; Conclusions and Recommendations (B) Executive Summary; Literature review; Data gathered; Conclusions; Bibliography (C) Research Plan; Research Data; Analysis; References (D) Introduction; Literature Review; Research Methodology; Results; Discussion and Conclusion

Description : The core elements of dissertation are (A) Introduction; Data Collection; Data Analysis; Conclusions and Recommendations (B) Executive Summary; Literature review; Data gathered; Conclusions; ... ; References (D) Introduction; Literature Review; Research Methodology; Results; Discussion and Conclusion

Last Answer : A

Given below are two premises and four conclusions drawn from those premises. Select the code that expresses conclusion drawn validly from the premises (separately or jointly). Premises: (a) All dogs are mammals. (b) No cats are dogs. Conclusions: (i) No cats are mammals (ii) Some cats are mammals. (iii) No Dogs are cats (iv) No dogs are non-mammals. Codes: (A) (i) only (B) (i) and (ii) (C) (iii) and (iv) (D) (ii) and (iii)

Description : Given below are two premises and four conclusions drawn from those premises. Select the code that expresses conclusion drawn validly from the premises (separately or jointly). Premises: (a) All dogs are mammals. (b) No cats are ... ) (i) and (ii) (C) (iii) and (iv) (D) (ii) and (iii)

Last Answer : Answer: C

Reasoning by analogy leads to (A) certainty (B) definite conclusion (C) predictive conjecture (D) surety

Description : Reasoning by analogy leads to (A) certainty (B) definite conclusion (C) predictive conjecture (D) surety

Last Answer : (C) predictive conjecture