Read the following passage and answer the question given below. Little is known about the elusive section of the earth’s atmosphere known as the mesophere. Located between the stratosphere and the thermosphere, the mesosphere is poorly understood and little explored. The most significiant feature of the mesophere is the various tides and waves that propagate up from the troposphere and stratosphere. The dissipation of these waves is largely responsible for peopelling the mesosphere around the globe. These wave patterns are further affected when gas particles in the mesosphere collide with meteroids, producing spectacular explosions, which usually generate enough heat to consume the meteor before it can fall to earth. The passage suggests that the mesosphere is influenced by (a) collisions with extraterrestrial debris (b) vibration from the earth’s surface (c) oceanic tides (d) All the above