Which one of the following attributes is required of an auditor in relation to audit clients? a. Loyalty b. Rationalization c. Independence d. Bias

Which one of the following attributes is
required of an auditor in relation to audit
clients?
a. Loyalty
b. Rationalization
c. Independence
d. Bias
by

1 Answer

Answer :

Independence
by

Related questions

Which of the following statements is correct? a. Sufficiency refers to the quality of evidence, while appropriateness refers to the quantity of evidence. b. The reliability of evidence is influenced not by its nature but by its source. c. The performance of consulting services for audit clients does not, in and of itself, impair the auditor’s independence. d. A belief that management and those charged with governance are honest and have integrity relieves the auditor of the need to maintain professional scepticism.

Description : Which of the following statements is correct? a. Sufficiency refers to the quality of evidence, while appropriateness refers to the quantity of evidence. b. The reliability of evidence is ... are honest and have integrity relieves the auditor of the need to maintain professional scepticism.

Last Answer : The performance of consulting services for audit clients does not, in and of itself, impair the auditor’s independence

An auditor is required to obtain a basic understanding of the client's internal control to plan the audit. The auditor may then decide to perform tests of controls on alinternal control procedures a. That would aid in preventing fraud. b. Documented in the flowchart. c. Considered to be weaknesses that might allow errors to enter the accounting system. d. Considered to be strengths for which the auditor desires further reduction in the assessed level of control risk.l

Description : An auditor is required to obtain a basic understanding of the client's internal control to plan the audit. The auditor may then decide to perform tests of controls on all internal control ... to be strengths for which the auditor desires further reduction in the assessed level of control risk.

Last Answer : Considered to be strengths for which the auditor desires further reduction in the assessed level of control risk.

A CPA is conducting the first audit of a client’s financial statements. The CPA hopes to reduce the audit work by consulting with the predecessor auditor and reviewing the predecessor's working papers. This procedure is a. Acceptable if the CPA refers in the audit report to reliance upon the predecessor auditor's work. b. Required if the CPA is to render an unqualified opinion. c. Unacceptable because the CPA should bring an independent viewpoint to a new engagement. d. Acceptable if the client and the predecessor auditor agree to it.

Description : A CPA is conducting the first audit of a client's financial statements. The CPA hopes to reduce the audit work by consulting with the predecessor auditor and reviewing the predecessor's working papers. ... to a new engagement. d. Acceptable if the client and the predecessor auditor agree to it.

Last Answer : Acceptable if the client and the predecessor auditor agree to it.

Before accepting an engagement to audit a new client, a CPA is required to obtain a. An understanding of the prospective client’s industry and business. b. The prospective client’s signature to the engagement letter. c. A preliminary understanding of the prospective client’s control environment. d. The prospective client’s consent to make inquiries of the predecessor auditor, if any.

Description : Before accepting an engagement to audit a new client, a CPA is required to obtain a. An understanding of the prospective client's industry and business. b. The prospective client's signature to ... . d. The prospective client's consent to make inquiries of the predecessor auditor, if any.

Last Answer : The prospective client’s consent to make inquiries of the predecessor auditor, if any.

The concept of materiality would be least important to an auditor when considering the a. Decision whether to use positive or negative confirmations of accounts receivable. b. Adequacy of disclosure of a client's illegal act. c. Discovery of weaknesses in a client's internal control structure. d. Effects of a direct financial interest in the client upon the CPA's independence.

Description : The concept of materiality would be least important to an auditor when considering the a. Decision whether to use positive or negative confirmations of accounts receivable. b. Adequacy of disclosure of a ... . d. Effects of a direct financial interest in the client upon the CPA's independence.

Last Answer : Effects of a direct financial interest in the client upon the CPA's independence.

Which of the following is the most likely first step an auditor would perform at the beginning of an initial audit engagement? a. Prepare a rough draft of the financial statements and of the auditor's report. b. Study and evaluate the system of internal administrative control. c. Tour the client's facilities and review the general records. d. Consult with and review the work of the predecessor auditor prior to discussing the engagement with the client management

Description : Which of the following is the most likely first step an auditor would perform at the beginning of an initial audit engagement? a. Prepare a rough draft of the financial statements and of ... and review the work of the predecessor auditor prior to discussing the engagement with the client management

Last Answer : Tour the client's facilities and review the general records

An extensive understanding of the client's business and industry and knowledge about the company's operations are essential for doing an adequate audit. For a new client, most of this information is obtained a. From the Securities and Exchange Commission. b. From the predecessor auditor. c. From the permanent file. d. At the client's premises

Description : An extensive understanding of the client's business and industry and knowledge about the company's operations are essential for doing an adequate audit. For a new client, most of this information is obtained ... . From the predecessor auditor. c. From the permanent file. d. At the client's premises

Last Answer : At the client's premises

Which of the following is the most likely first step an auditor would perform at the beginning of an initial audit engagement? a. Prepare a rough draft of the financial statements and of the auditor's report. b. Study and evaluate the system of internal administrative control. c. Tour the client's facilities and review the general records. d. Consult with and review the work of the predecessor auditor prior to discussing the engagement with the client management

Description : Which of the following is the most likely first step an auditor would perform at the beginning of an initial audit engagement? a. Prepare a rough draft of the financial statements and of ... and review the work of the predecessor auditor prior to discussing the engagement with the client management

Last Answer : Tour the client's facilities and review the general records

An extensive understanding of the client's business and industry and knowledge about the company's operations are essential for doing an adequate audit. For a new client, most of this information is obtained a. From the Securities and Exchange Commission. b. From the predecessor auditor. c. From the permanent file. d. At the client's premises.

Description : An extensive understanding of the client's business and industry and knowledge about the company's operations are essential for doing an adequate audit. For a new client, most of this information is obtained ... From the predecessor auditor. c. From the permanent file. d. At the client's premises.

Last Answer : At the client's premises.

Which of the following is the most likely first step an auditor would perform at the beginning of an initial audit engagement? a. Prepare a rough draft of the financial statements and of the auditor's report. b. Study and evaluate the system of internal administrative control. c. Tour the client's facilities and review the general records. d. Consult with and review the work of the predecessor auditor prior to discussing the engagement with the client management

Description : Which of the following is the most likely first step an auditor would perform at the beginning of an initial audit engagement? a. Prepare a rough draft of the financial statements and of ... and review the work of the predecessor auditor prior to discussing the engagement with the client management

Last Answer : Tour the client's facilities and review the general records

Preplanning the audit involves several key activities which include the following except: a. Investigating the client's background. b. Communicating with the prospective client's prior auditor to inquire about any disagreements with the client. c. Understanding the client's reasons for obtaining an audit. d. Determining the likelihood of issuing an unqualified audit opinion on the client's financial statements.

Description : Preplanning the audit involves several key activities which include the following except: a. Investigating the client's background. b. Communicating with the prospective client's prior auditor to ... the likelihood of issuing an unqualified audit opinion on the client's financial statements.

Last Answer : Determining the likelihood of issuing an unqualified audit opinion on the client's financial statements.

Which of the following has the primary responsibility for the fairness of the representations made in the financial statements? a. Audit committee b. Client's management c. Independent auditor d. Board of Accountancy

Description : Which of the following has the primary responsibility for the fairness of the representations made in the financial statements? a. Audit committee b. Client's management c. Independent auditor d. Board of Accountancy

Last Answer : Client's management

What will an auditor who has been proposed for an audit engagement usually do prior to accepting a new client? a. Draft the financial statements of the client as a measure of goodwilb. With the permission from the prospective client, contact the predecessor auditor to determine if there are any disagreements between the client and the audit firms. c. Obtain the potential client's permission to talk to the former auditor and review work papers. d. Perform a peer review on the potential client in accordance with professional standardsl

Description : What will an auditor who has been proposed for an audit engagement usually do prior to accepting a new client? a. Draft the financial statements of the client as a measure of goodwill b ... review work papers. d. Perform a peer review on the potential client in accordance with professional standards

Last Answer : With the permission from the prospective client, contact the predecessor auditor to determine if there are any disagreements between the client and the audit firms

The Philippine Accountancy Act of 2004 provides that all Working papers made during an audit shall be the property of the auditor. These working papers shall include the following, except: a. Working papers prepared by the CPA and his staff. b. Analysis and schedule prepared and submitted to the auditor by his client's staff. c. Excerpts or copies of documents furnished to the auditor. d. Any report submitted by the auditor to his client.

Description : The Philippine Accountancy Act of 2004 provides that all Working papers made during an audit shall be the property of the auditor. These working papers shall include the following, except: a. Working ... of documents furnished to the auditor. d. Any report submitted by the auditor to his client.

Last Answer : Any report submitted by the auditor to his client.

To be independent, the auditor: a. Must be impartial when dealing with the client. b. Cannot place any reliance on the client's verbal and written assertions. c. Is responsible only to third-party users of the financial statements. d. Cannot perform any consulting servicesfor an audit client.

Description : To be independent, the auditor: a. Must be impartial when dealing with the client. b. Cannot place any reliance on the client's verbal and written assertions. c. Is responsible only to third-party users of the financial statements. d. Cannot perform any consulting servicesfor an audit client.

Last Answer : Must be impartial when dealing with the client

Which of the following does an auditor least likely perform in assessing audit risk? a. Understand the economic substance of significant transactions completed by the client. b. Understand the entity and the industry in which it operates. c. Gather audit evidence in support of recorded transactions. d. Obtain an understanding of the client's system of internal contro

Description : Which of the following does an auditor least likely perform in assessing audit risk? a. Understand the economic substance of significant transactions completed by the client. b. Understand the entity ... of recorded transactions. d. Obtain an understanding of the client's system of internal contro

Last Answer : Gather audit evidence in support of recorded transactions

After studying and evaluating a client's existing internal control, an auditor has concluded that the policies and procedures are well-designed and functioning as intended. Under these circumstances, the auditor would most likely a. Perform further control tests to the extent outlined in the audit program. b. Determine the control policies and procedures that should prevent or detect errors and fraud. c. Set detection risk at a higher level than would be set under conditions of weak internal control. d. Set detection risk at a lower level than would be set under conditions of weak internal control.

Description : After studying and evaluating a client's existing internal control, an auditor has concluded that the policies and procedures are well-designed and functioning as intended. Under these circumstances, the ... risk at a lower level than would be set under conditions of weak internal control.

Last Answer : Set detection risk at a higher level than would be set under conditions of weak internal control.

An initial (first-time) audit requires more audit time to complete than a recurring audit. One of the reasons for this is that a. New auditors are usually assigned to an initial audit. b. A larger proportion of customer accounts receivable need to be confirmed on an initial audit. c. The client's business, industry, and internal control are unfamiliar to the auditor and need to be carefully studied. d. Predecessor auditors need to be consulted.

Description : An initial (first-time) audit requires more audit time to complete than a recurring audit. One of the reasons for this is that a. New auditors are usually assigned to an initial audit. b. A ... unfamiliar to the auditor and need to be carefully studied. d. Predecessor auditors need to be consulted.

Last Answer : The client's business, industry, and internal control are unfamiliar to the auditor and need to be carefully studied

To obtain an understanding of a continuing client’s business in planning an audit, an auditor most likely would a. Read specialized industry journals. b. Review prior year working papers and the permanent file for the client. c. Reevaluate the client’s internal control environment. d. Perform tests of details of transactions and balances

Description : To obtain an understanding of a continuing client's business in planning an audit, an auditor most likely would a. Read specialized industry journals. b. Review prior year working papers and ... the client's internal control environment. d. Perform tests of details of transactions and balances

Last Answer : Review prior year working papers and the permanent file for the client

Audit programs are modified to suit the circumstances on particular engagements. A complete audit program for an engagement generally should be developed a. Prior to beginning the actual audit work. b. After the auditor has completed an evaluation of the existing internal accounting control. c. After reviewing the client's accounting records and procedures. d. When the audit engagement letter is prepared

Description : Audit programs are modified to suit the circumstances on particular engagements. A complete audit program for an engagement generally should be developed a. Prior to beginning the actual audit work. ... the client's accounting records and procedures. d. When the audit engagement letter is prepared

Last Answer : After the auditor has completed an evaluation of the existing internal accounting contro

When an auditor believes that an understanding with the client has not been established, he or she should ordinarily a. Perform the audit with increased professional skepticism. b. Decline to accept or perform the audit. c. Review the client’s financial reports. d. Obtain information about the client’s business and the industry where it operates

Description : When an auditor believes that an understanding with the client has not been established, he or she should ordinarily a. Perform the audit with increased professional skepticism. b. Decline to accept ... reports. d. Obtain information about the client's business and the industry where it operates

Last Answer : Decline to accept or perform the audit.

An engagement letter should be written before the start of an audit because a. It specifies the client's responsibility for preparing schedules and making the records available to the auditor. b. It may limit the auditor's legal liability by specifying the auditor's responsibilities. c. It specifies the basis for billing the audit for the upcoming year. d. All of the above

Description : An engagement letter should be written before the start of an audit because a. It specifies the client's responsibility for preparing schedules and making the records available to the auditor. b. It may ... It specifies the basis for billing the audit for the upcoming year. d. All of the above

Last Answer : All of the above

The primary reason an engagement letter is obtained by audit firms prior to starting the work is that a. It provides an insurance policy for companies entering into the agreement. b. It clarifies the responsibilities of management and those of the auditor. c. It communicates the type of opinion that will be rendered on the engagement d. It defines the firm's policies and procedures regarding new clients

Description : The primary reason an engagement letter is obtained by audit firms prior to starting the work is that a. It provides an insurance policy for companies entering into the agreement. b. It clarifies ... be rendered on the engagement d. It defines the firm's policies and procedures regarding new clients

Last Answer : It clarifies the responsibilities of management and those of the auditor

A successor auditor most likely would make specific inquiries of the predecessor auditor regarding a. Specialized accounting principles of the client's industry. b. Disagreements with management as to auditing procedures. c. The competency of the client's internal audit staff. d. The uncertainty inherent in applying sampling procedures.

Description : A successor auditor most likely would make specific inquiries of the predecessor auditor regarding a. Specialized accounting principles of the client's industry. b. Disagreements with management as to ... the client's internal audit staff. d. The uncertainty inherent in applying sampling procedures.

Last Answer : Disagreements with management as to auditing procedures

Before accepting an audit engagement, a successor auditor should make specific inquiries of the predecessor auditor regarding a. Disagreements the predecessor had with the client concerning auditing procedures and accounting principles. b. The predecessor’s evaluation of matters of continuing accounting significance. c. The degree of cooperation the predecessor received concerning the inquiry of the client’s lawyer. d. The predecessor’s assessments of inherent risk and judgments about materiality

Description : Before accepting an audit engagement, a successor auditor should make specific inquiries of the predecessor auditor regarding a. Disagreements the predecessor had with the client concerning auditing ... lawyer. d. The predecessor's assessments of inherent risk and judgments about materiality

Last Answer : Disagreements the predecessor had with the client concerning auditing procedures and accounting principles.

Ethically, the auditor could: a. Advertise only as to his expertise in preparing income tax returns. b. Base his audit fee on a percentage of the proceeds of his client’s stock issue. c. Perform an examination for a financially distressed client at less than his customary fees. d. Own preferred stock in a corporation which is an audit client.

Description : Ethically, the auditor could: a. Advertise only as to his expertise in preparing income tax returns. b. Base his audit fee on a percentage of the proceeds of his client's stock issue. c. Perform ... at less than his customary fees. d. Own preferred stock in a corporation which is an audit client.

Last Answer : Perform an examination for a financially distressed client at less than his customary fees.

Which of the following statements concerning consulting services is incorrect? a. The performance of consulting services for audit clients does not, in and of itself, impair the auditor's independence. b. Consulting services differ fundamentally from the CPA's function of attesting to the assertions of other parties. c. Consulting services ordinarily involve external reporting. d. Most CPAs, including those who provide audit and tax services, also provide consulting services to their clients

Description : Which of the following statements concerning consulting services is incorrect? a. The performance of consulting services for audit clients does not, in and of itself, impair the auditor's ... including those who provide audit and tax services, also provide consulting services to their clients

Last Answer : Consulting services ordinarily involve external reporting

In determining whether the work of the internal auditors is likely to be adequate for purposes of the audit, the external auditor shall evaluate the internal auditor's a. Efficiency and experience b. Competence and objectivity c. Independence and review skills d. Training and supervisory skills

Description : In determining whether the work of the internal auditors is likely to be adequate for purposes of the audit, the external auditor shall evaluate the internal auditor's a. Efficiency and experience b. Competence and objectivity c. Independence and review skills d. Training and supervisory skills

Last Answer : Competence and objectivity

In determining independence with respect to any audit engagement, the ultimate decision as to whether or not the auditor is independent must be made by the a. Auditor. b. Client. c. Audit committee. d. Public.

Description : In determining independence with respect to any audit engagement, the ultimate decision as to whether or not the auditor is independent must be made by the a. Auditor. b. Client. c. Audit committee. d. Public.

Last Answer : Auditor

To emphasize auditor independence from management, many corporations follow the practice of a. Appointing a partner of the CPA firm conducting the examination to the corporation's audit committee. b. Establishing a policy of discouraging social contact between employees of the corporation and the staff of the independent auditor. c. Requesting that a representative of the independent auditor be on hand at the annual stockholders' meeting. d. Having the independent auditor report to an audit committee of outside members of the board of directors

Description : To emphasize auditor independence from management, many corporations follow the practice of a. Appointing a partner of the CPA firm conducting the examination to the corporation's audit committee. b ... the independent auditor report to an audit committee of outside members of the board of directors

Last Answer : Having the independent auditor report to an audit committee of outside members of the board of directors

.In which of the following instances would the independence of the CPA not be considered to be impaired? The CPA has been retained as the auditor of a brokerage firm a. Which owes the CPA audit fees for more than one year. b. In which the CPA has a large active margin account. c. In which the CPA's brother is the controller. d. Which owes the CPA audit fees for services in the current year and has just filed a petition for bankruptcy

Description : .In which of the following instances would the independence of the CPA not be considered to be impaired? The CPA has been retained as the auditor of a brokerage firm a. Which owes the CPA audit ... owes the CPA audit fees for services in the current year and has just filed a petition for bankruptcy

Last Answer : Which owes the CPA audit fees for services in the current year and has just filed a petition for bankruptcy

In which of the following instances would the independence of the CPA not be considered to be impaired? The CPA has been retained as the auditor of a brokerage firm a. Which owes the CPA audit fees for more than one year. b. In which the CPA has a large active margin account. c. In which the CPA’s brother is the controller. d. Which owes the CPA audit fees for the current year services and jusfiled a petition for bankruptcyt

Description : In which of the following instances would the independence of the CPA not be considered to be impaired? The CPA has been retained as the auditor of a brokerage firm a. Which owes the CPA audit ... . Which owes the CPA audit fees for the current year services and just filed a petition for bankruptcy

Last Answer : Which owes the CPA audit fees for the current year services and justfiled a petition for bankruptcy

Which of the following statements does not properly describe an element of the theoretical framework of auditing? a. Remoteness of users. b. An audit benefits the public. c. The data to be audited are verifiable. d. Auditor should maintain independence with respect to the audit client

Description : Which of the following statements does not properly describe an element of the theoretical framework of auditing? a. Remoteness of users. b. An audit benefits the public. c. The data to be audited are verifiable. d. Auditor should maintain independence with respect to the audit client

Last Answer : Remoteness of users

The audit committee of the board of directors of a company is responsible for a. Hiring the auditor b. The audit workpapers c. Preparing the financial statements d. Independence and obtaining evidence

Description : The audit committee of the board of directors of a company is responsible for a. Hiring the auditor b. The audit workpapers c. Preparing the financial statements d. Independence and obtaining evidence

Last Answer : Hiring the auditor

In relation to audit planning, the auditor should document the following: a. The overall audit strategy. b. The detailed audit plan. c. Significant changes made during the audit engagement. d. All of the answers

Description : In relation to audit planning, the auditor should document the following: a. The overall audit strategy. b. The detailed audit plan. c. Significant changes made during the audit engagement. d. All of the answers

Last Answer : All of the answers

Which of the following is not an inherent risk that is common to all clients in certain industries? a. Accounts receivable collection in the consumer loan industry. b. Potential inventory obsolescence in the fashion clothes industry. c. Brand loyalty in the cosmetics industry. d. Reserve for loss in the casualty insurance industry

Description : Which of the following is not an inherent risk that is common to all clients in certain industries? a. Accounts receivable collection in the consumer loan industry. b. Potential inventory ... Brand loyalty in the cosmetics industry. d. Reserve for loss in the casualty insurance industry

Last Answer : Brand loyalty in the cosmetics industry.

The network firms are required to be independent of the client a. For assurance engagements provided to an audit client. b. For assurance engagements provided to clients that are not audit clients, when the report is not expressly restricted for use by identified users. c. For assurance engagements provided to clients that are not audit clients, when the assurance report is expressly restricted for use by identified users. d. All of the above

Description : The network firms are required to be independent of the client a. For assurance engagements provided to an audit client. b. For assurance engagements provided to clients that are not audit clients, ... the assurance report is expressly restricted for use by identified users. d. All of the above

Last Answer : For assurance engagements provided to an audit client

The network firms are required to be independent of the client a. For assurance engagements provided to an audit client. b. For assurance engagements provided to clients that are not audit clients, when the report is not expressly restricted for use by identified users. c. For assurance engagements provided to clients that are not audit clients, when the assurance report is expressly restricted for use by identified users. d. All of the above

Description : The network firms are required to be independent of the client a. For assurance engagements provided to an audit client. b. For assurance engagements provided to clients that are not audit clients, ... the assurance report is expressly restricted for use by identified users. d. All of the above

Last Answer : For assurance engagements provided to an audit client

The network firms are required to be independent of the client a. For assurance engagements provided to an audit client. b. For assurance engagements provided to clients that are not audit clients, when the report is not expressly restricted for use by identified users. c. For assurance engagements provided to clients that are not audit clients, whenthe assurance report is expresslyrestricted for use by identified users.d. All of the above

Description : The network firms are required to be independent of the client a. For assurance engagements provided to an audit client. b. For assurance engagements provided to clients that are not audit clients, ... whenthe assurance report is expressly restricted for use by identified users. d. All of the above

Last Answer : For assurance engagements provided to an audit client.

The auditor is required to comply with all PSAs relevant to the audit of an entity's financial statements. A PSA is relevant to the audit when: I. The PSA is in effecII. The circumstances addressed by the PSA exist. a. I only b. II only c. Either I or II d. Both I and IIt

Description : The auditor is required to comply with all PSAs relevant to the audit of an entity's financial statements. A PSA is relevant to the audit when: I. The PSA is in effect II. The circumstances addressed by the PSA exist. a. I only b. II only c. Either I or II d. Both I and II

Last Answer : Both I and II

A successor auditor is required to communicate with the previous auditor. The primary concern in this communication is a. Information which will help the successor auditor in determining whether the client management has integrity. b. To learn about client by examining predecessor's working papers. c. To enable successor auditor to perform a more efficient audit. d. To save successor auditor time and money in gathering data.

Description : A successor auditor is required to communicate with the previous auditor. The primary concern in this communication is a. Information which will help the successor auditor in determining whether the client ... a more efficient audit. d. To save successor auditor time and money in gathering data.

Last Answer : Information which will help the successor auditor in determining whether the client management has integrity.

Whenever a CPA professional is engaged to perform an audit of financial statements according to Philippine Standards on Auditing, he required to comply with those standards in order to a. Eliminate audit risk. b. Eliminate the professional judgment in resolving audit issues. c. Have a measure of the quality of audit performance. d. To reduce the audit program to be prepared by the auditor.

Description : Whenever a CPA professional is engaged to perform an audit of financial statements according to Philippine Standards on Auditing, he required to comply with those standards in order to a. Eliminate audit risk ... of audit performance. d. To reduce the audit program to be prepared by the auditor.

Last Answer : Have a measure of the quality of audit performance.

Required auditor communication to the Audit Committee concerning noncompliance with laws and regulations that were detected includes: a. All those which are not adequately addressed by management. b. All those that constitute management fraud. c. All material items. d. Any of such acts.

Description : Required auditor communication to the Audit Committee concerning noncompliance with laws and regulations that were detected includes: a. All those which are not adequately addressed by management. b. All those that constitute management fraud. c. All material items. d. Any of such acts.

Last Answer : Any of such acts.

Audit programs should be designed so that a. Most of the required procedures can be performed as interim work. b. The audit evidence gathered supports the auditor’s conclusions. c. Inherent risk is assessed at a sufficiently low level. d. The auditor can make constructive suggestions to management

Description : Audit programs should be designed so that a. Most of the required procedures can be performed as interim work. b. The audit evidence gathered supports the auditor's conclusions. c. ... is assessed at a sufficiently low level. d. The auditor can make constructive suggestions to management

Last Answer : The audit evidence gathered supports the auditor’s conclusions.

In the planning stage of an audit engagement, the auditor is required to perform audit procedures to obtain an understanding of the entity and its environment, including its internal control. These procedures are called a. Substantive tests b. Tests of controls c. Risk assessment procedures d. Dual-purpose tests

Description : In the planning stage of an audit engagement, the auditor is required to perform audit procedures to obtain an understanding of the entity and its environment, including its internal control. These ... a. Substantive tests b. Tests of controls c. Risk assessment procedures d. Dual-purpose tests

Last Answer : Risk assessment procedures