Basic transformations techniques are:
Translation
Scaling
Rotation
Scaling Transformation
Scaling means to change the size of object. This change can either be positive or negative.
To change the size of an object, scaling transformation is used. In the scaling process, you either expand or compress the dimensions of the object.
Scaling can be achieved by multiplying the original co-ordinates of the object with the scaling factor to get the desired result.
Let us assume that the original co-ordinates are (X, Y), the scaling factors are (SX, SY), and the produced co-ordinates are (X', Y'). This can be mathematically represented as shown below:
The scaling factor SX, SY scales the object in X and Y direction respectively. The above equations can also be represented in matrix form as below:
Where, S is the scaling matrix.
If we provide values less than 1 to the scaling factor S, then we can reduce the size of the object. If we provide values greater than 1, then we can increase the size of the object.