Recent questions tagged plant-&-animal-breeding

Description : Give reason: a) Food additives are widely used in modern life.b) Addition of artificial food additives should be minimized.

Last Answer : a) Food additives are widely used in modern life. Food additives are widely used to increase the shelf-life and nature of foods. b) Addition of artificial food additives should be minimized. Food additives if used regularly can cause health problems.

Description : What are sweeteners?

Last Answer : Substances that are added to increase the intensity of sweetness are called sweeteners.

Description : What are flavourants?

Last Answer : The substances that are used to add a particular taste are called flavourants.

Description : What are colourants?

Last Answer : The substances which restore colour lost during processing of food are called colourants.

Description : What are antioxidants?

Last Answer : The substances which prevent food containing fat or oil from developing a foul smell are called antioxidants.

Description : What are preservatives?

Last Answer : The substances which prevent the growth of microorganisms that cause spoilage of food are called preservatives. Ex: Common salt

Description : Name some artificial additives.

Last Answer : The additives which are produced synthetically and not found in nature.

Description : Name a man-made additive.

Last Answer : The additives which are synthetic copies of naturally occurring substances. Ex: Saccharine

Description : Name some natural additives.

Last Answer : Extracts from saffron, beetroot plant are used as colouring agents.

Description : What are food additives? How are they classified?

Last Answer : The substances which increase the shelf-life and nature of food are collectively known as food additives. Food additives are classified into a) Natural additives b) Man-made additives c) Artificial additives d) Antioxidants e) Colourants f) Flavourants g) Sweeteners

Description : Give some examples of transgenic animals.

Last Answer : a) Introducing certain human gene sequences into cattle, goat and sheep for enhanced growth, meat and milk production. b) Bacterial genes introduced into sheep have resulted in improved ... responsible for production of growth hormone, have shown production of milk containing human growth hormone.

Description : What are transgenic animals?

Last Answer : Animals in which a specific gene responsible for desired trait is selected and introduced directly into the new animal variety are called transgenic animals.

Description : Name some cross breeds of cows.

Last Answer : Karan Swiss, Karan Fries, Frieswal, Karan

Description : Name some exotic breeds of cow.

Last Answer : Jersey, Holstein, Brown Swiss, Friesian

Description : Name some indigenous breeds of cow

Last Answer : Sindhi, Sahiwal, Gir, Hallikar

Description : What is meant by hybridization?

Last Answer : Hybridization is a method of animal breeding in which superior male of one species is mated with superior female of a different species.

Description : What is meant by out-crossing?

Last Answer : Out-crossing is a method of animal breeding in which superior male of one breed is crossed with superior females of another breed.

Description : What is meant by in-breeding?

Last Answer : In-breeding is a method of animal breeding in which male and female individuals of the same species among the breeds.

Description : State the main approaches for animal breeding.

Last Answer : The main approaches for animal breeding are in-breading, out-crossing and hybridization.

Description : What are the main objectives of animal breeding?

Last Answer : a) Improving the growth rate. b) Increasing the production of milk, meat, egg, wool and other products. c) Improving the quality of products. d) Improving the resistance to diseases. e) Improving the span of productivity. f) Increasing the rate of reproduction.

Description : Define animal husbandry.

Last Answer : The various aspects related to feeding, breeding, caring and sheltering of animals in service of mankind is called animal husbandry.

Description : Give reason: Roof-top gardening may be a solution to various environmental problems. Explain What are the benefits of roof-top gardening?

Last Answer : In urban areas where sufficient space is not available for growing plants, roof-top garden helps. a) Roof-top gardens increase access to safe outdoor green space. b) It improves air quality due to ... g) Rooms under roof-top garden are 3 to 4 degree Celsius cooler than the surrounding temperature.

Description : What are the steps to be taken before starting roof-top garden?

Last Answer : Precautions must be taken to prevent the leakage of water from roof due to seepage of water. Measures must be taken to enable the roof to bear the additional weight of plants. And soil.

Description : What is meant by roof-top gardening?

Last Answer : The technique of growing plants on roof top in urban areas where sufficient space is not available is called roof-top gardening.

Description : Give reason: hydroponics and aeroponics methods are important for space research organisations

Last Answer : Hydroponics and aeroponics methods are significant for space research organizations in developing special kind of food for astronauts. Mist is easier to handle in zero gravity situations than liquids in zero gravity situations.

Description : Name the plants that can be grown by aeroponics.

Last Answer : Potato, tomato and many leafy vegetables.

Description : How are plants grown by aeroponics?

Last Answer : Plants are grown in a green chamber with excellent aeration. The roots hang in air. Nutrient solutions are sprayed frequently.

Description : What is meant by aeroponics?

Last Answer : The practice of growing plants where the roots of a plant are either continuously or discontinuously kept in an environment saturated with fine drops of mineral nutrients.

Description : What is the disadvantage of growing plants by hydroponics?

Last Answer : The main disadvantage growing plats by hydroponics is that it leads to rapid plant death.

Description : Mention the advantages of growing plants by hydroponics.

Last Answer : a) Soil is not required. b) Water requirement is less. c) Yields are stable and high. d) There will no weeds to remove. e) Plants grow healthier.

Description : How are plants grown by hydroponics?

Last Answer : In hydroponics, terrestrial plants are grown by immersing their roots in nutrient solution in specially designed containers.

Description : What is the principle of hydroponics?

Last Answer : Hydroponics is based in the principle that when the required mineral nutrients are directly introduced into the supply system of a plant artificially, soil is no longer required for a plant to survive.

Description : What is hydroponics?

Last Answer : Hydroponics is the practice of growing plants in mineral nutrient solutions in water, without soil.

Description : Write a note on BT Cotton.

Last Answer : BT Cotton is a genetically modified or transgenic plant. It is a new variety in which a gene isolated from a bacterium called Bacillus thuringiensis has been newly introduced. The gene us responsible for producing a toxin which can kill the boll worm that attack the cotton plants.

Description : What is carrier DNA or vector DNA?

Last Answer : The DNA which is used to transfer the desired gene isolated from another cell into a new host is called carrier DNA or vector DNA.

Description : What is recombinant DNA technology?

Last Answer : Recombinant DNA technology is the technique of manipulation of genetic material of an organism under laboratory conditions. DNA containing the desired gene is isolated from a cell and then transferred into a new host cell with the help of carrier or Vector DNA.

Description : What are the merits and demerits of transgenic plants?

Last Answer : Merits of transgenic plants: a) Crops are more productive and have a larger yield. b) Transgenic plants can offer more nutrition and flavour. c) A possibility that they could ... plants and could create ecological problems. f) The new technology interferes with traditional agricultural methods.

Description : What are genetically modified plants or transgenic plants?

Last Answer : The plants in which a specific gene responsible for desired trait is selected and introduced directly into the new plant variety are called genetically modified or transgenic plants.

Description : What is genetic modification?

Last Answer : The process in which a specific gene responsible for desired trait is selected and introduced directly into the new plant variety is called genetic modification.

Description : Mention the uses of tissue culture.

Last Answer : a) Tissue culture is extensively used for large scale propagation of medicinal and ornamental plants. b) It is also used for propagating crop and forest plants. c) It is used for developing disease free plants. d) Cell culture is used for the extraction of many useful metabolites.

Description : Define totipotency.

Last Answer : Totipotency is the capacity of a cell to differentiate into a new organism.

Description : What is tissue culture?

Last Answer : The technique of growing plant cells and tissues in a suitable culture medium, under controlled laboratory conditions is called tissue culture. OR Tissue culture is the practice of growing an entire plant from a single cell or tissue under aseptic, laboratory conditions.

Description : Give reason: Induced mutation is not widely used.

Last Answer : The method of induced mutations is not widely used since the site of mutation cannot be controlled.

Description : Differentiate between mutant and mutagens.

Last Answer : The plants which are genetically changed by using chemical are called mutants and the agent which brings about changes in plants are called mutagens.

Description : What are mutants?

Last Answer : The plants which are genetically changed by using chemical are called mutants

Description : What are mutagens?

Last Answer : The agents which bring about genetic changes in plants are called mutagens.

Description : What is induced mutation?

Last Answer : The technique of growing crop plants by making genetic changes by using certain agents is called induced mutations.

Description : Give reason: Polyploids have both advantages and limitations.

Last Answer : Polyploid plants are bigger in size and show greater genetic variability but the plant fertility is lower and growth is very slow.

Description : What is the disadvantage of polyploid plants?

Last Answer : Polyploid plants less fertile and growth is very slow.

Description : What is the advantage of polyploid plants?

Last Answer : a) Polyploid plants are bigger in size. b) Polyploid plants show greater genetic variability.