Description : The most important feature of spiral model is (A) requirement analysis. (B) risk management. (C) quality management. (D) configuration management.
Last Answer : (B) risk management.
Description : How does the risk factor affect the spiral model of software development?
Last Answer : Ans:Risk Analysis phase is the most important part of "Spiral Model". In this phase all possible (and available) alternatives, which can help in developing a cost effective project are analyzed ... data and find out possible solution in order to deal with the potential changes in the requirements.
Description : In the spiral model ‘risk analysis’ is performed (A) In the first loop (B) in the first and second loop (C) In every loop (D) before using spiral model
Last Answer : (C) In every loop
Description : Spiral model is a realistic approach to the development of large-scale systems & software. Justify & explain the model?
Last Answer : Ans. There are several advantages of Spiral model that makes it a realistic approach to development of large-scale systems and software, viz: 1) The spiral model promotes quality assurance ... , which can help in identifying and resolving potential problems or errors in the software development.
Description : The spiral model of software development (A) Ends with the delivery of the software product (B) Is more chaotic than the incremental model (C) Includes project risks evaluation during each iteration (D) All of the above
Last Answer : (C) Includes project risks evaluation during each iteration
Description : Requirements can be refined using (A) The waterfall model (B) prototyping model (C) the evolutionary model (D) the spiral model
Last Answer : (B) prototyping model
Description : For a well understood data processing application it is best to use (A) The waterfall model (B) prototyping model (C) the evolutionary model (D) the spiral model
Last Answer : (A) The waterfall model
Description : Explain the software life cycle model that incorporates risk factor.
Last Answer : Ans. The problem with traditional software process models is that they do not deal sufficiently with the uncertainty, which is inherent to software projects. Important software projects failed ... . The risk analysis and validation steps eliminate errors in the early phases of development
Description : Draw the flow chart of Risk Management-Activity and explain various Software risks.
Last Answer : Ans RISK is a problem that could cause some loss or threatens the success of the project, but which has not happened yet. Typical Software Risks:- 1. Dependencies: -Many ... Inadequate application domain experience. New technologies. Ineffective, poorly documented, or neglected processes.
Description : The goal of quality assurance is to provide management with the data needed to determine which software engineers are producing the most defects. (A) True (B) False
Last Answer : (B) False
Description : What are the three activities of risk assessment?
Last Answer : Ans: The three activities are identifying, analyzing and giving priorities. Risks can be identified by a check list or looking at previously identified risks. Risk analysis involves examining how ... with modification of risk input variables. Risk prioritization helps in focus on most severe risks.
Description : The problem that threatens the success of a project but which has not yet happened is a (A) bug (B) error (C) risk (D) failure
Last Answer : (C) risk
Description : If P is risk probability, L is loss, then Risk Exposure (RE) is computed as (A) RE = P/L (B) RE = P + L (C) RE = P*L (D) RE = 2* P *L
Last Answer : (C) RE = P*L
Description : Which of the following is not an attribute of software engineering (A) Efficiency. (B) Scalability. (C) Dependability. (D) Usability.
Last Answer : (C) Dependability.
Description : The level at which the software uses scarce resources is (A) reliability (B) efficiency (C) portability (D) all of the above
Last Answer : (B) efficiency
Description : Explain incremental model? Define core product and detailed plan.
Last Answer : Ans. The incremental model is proposed by D.L PARNAS. It is basically implemented by combining elements of linear sequential model and iterative prototyping model. Incremental development refer to the process ... . Risk of failure of product is decreased as user start using the product early.
Description : Explain the development phases of the detailed COCOMO model.
Last Answer : Ans A software development is carried out in four successive phases, which are as follows: 1: plan/requirements: this is the first phase of the development cycle. The requirement is analyzed, the product ... product. This requires 16% to 34% of normal effort and 18% to 34% of the development time.
Description : Describe the various steps of the reuse-oriented model.
Last Answer : Ans. The reuse-oriented model, also called reuse-oriented development (ROD), is a method of software development in which a program is refined by producing a sequence of prototypes called models, each ... requirements, resulting in a product that does not fully meet the needs of its intended users.
Description : What are the assumptions of the execution-time component model? Compare the execution-time component for basic model and the logarithmic Poisson model.
Last Answer : Ans. The execution-time component is based on the following assumptions: (1) Tests represent the environment in which the program will be used. (2) All failures are observed. (3) ... constant for basic model while the decrement per failure decreases exponentially as shown in the following graph.
Description : Explain the waterfall model. Explain why it is more advantageous than adhoc methods.
Last Answer : Ans Waterfall Model: 1.The waterfall model is a sequential software development process, in which progress is seen as flowing steadily downwards (like a waterfall) through the phases of Conception, Initiation, ... approach. b. Iteration is not required. c. It is widely use because it is easy.
Description : Define capability. What are the quantities that determine the degree of capability of a software reliability model?
Last Answer : Ans: Capability refers to the ability of the model to estimate with satisfactory accuracy quantities needed by managers; engineers and users in planning and managing software development or running ... , expected date of reaching reliability, resource and cost requirements to reach the objectives.
Description : Compare the basic COCOMO model with the detailed COCOMO model .
Last Answer : Ans. COCOMO consists of a hierarchy of three increasingly detailed and accurate forms. Basic COCOMO - is a static single-valued model that computes software development effort (and cost) as a ... cost driver's impact on each step (analysis, design, etc.) of the software engineering process.
Description : What is the advantage of using prototype software development model instead of waterfall model? Also explain the effect of defining a prototype on the overall cost of the software project?
Last Answer : Ans:The waterfall model: This is the classic SDLC model, with a linear and sequential method that has goals for each development phase. The waterfall model simplifies task scheduling, because ... acceptable prototype is finally achieved from which the complete system or product can now be developed.
Description : Which of these terms is a level name in the Capability Maturity Model? (A) Ad hoc (B) Repeatable (C) Reusable (D) Organized
Last Answer : (C) Reusable
Description : The model that assumes that effort and development time are functions of product size alone is (A) Basic COCOMO model (B) Intermediate COCOMO model (C) Detailed COCOMO model (D) All the three COCOMO models
Last Answer : (A) Basic COCOMO model
Description : ER model shows the (A) Static view. (B) Functional view. (C) Dynamic view. (D) All the above.
Last Answer : (A) Static view.
Description : A COCOMO model is (A) Common Cost Estimation Model. (B) Constructive Cost Estimation Model. (C) Complete Cost Estimation Model. (D) Comprehensive Cost Estimation Model.
Last Answer : (B) Constructive Cost Estimation Model.
Description : The model in which the requirements are implemented by category is (A) Evolutionary Development Model (B) Waterfall Model (C) Prototyping (D) Iterative Enhancement Model
Last Answer : (A) Evolutionary Development Model
Description : The ISO quality assurance standard that applies to software engineering is (A) ISO 9000 (B) ISO 9001 (C) ISO 9002 (D) ISO 9003
Last Answer : (B) ISO 9001
Description : A key concept of quality control is that all work products (A) are delivered on time and under budget (B) have complete documentation (C) have measurable specification for process outputs (D) are thoroughly tested before delivery to the customer
Last Answer : (C) have measurable specification for process outputs
Description : Number of clauses used in ISO 9001 to specify quality system requirements are: (A) 15 (B) 20 (C) 25 (D) 28
Last Answer : (B) 20
Description : Why is good design important for a product?
Last Answer : Ans: A good design is the key to successful product. Almost 2000 years ago a Roman Architect recorded the following attributes of a good design: Durability Utility and Charm A well-designed system is easy to implement, understandable and reliable and allows for smooth evolution.
Description : What is structured programming and why is it important?
Last Answer : Ans. Structured programming is a term which was coined in the late 1960's to mean programming without using go to statements, programming using only while loops and if statements as ... Structured programming means programs can be read sequentially and are therefore easier to understand and inspect.
Description : Discuss the important issues that a SRS must address.
Last Answer : Ans. SRS is the process of establishing the services, the system should provide of the system in new, it is difficult for software engineer to understand the nature of problem constraints under ... life cycle of the system. (iv) It should characterize acceptable responses to the undesired events.
Description : Why is maintenance of a software important? Discuss some of the problems that are faced during maintenance of software.
Last Answer : Ans: The modification of a software product, after delivery, to correct faults, to improve performance or other attributes, or to adapt the product to a changed environment. Maintenance is an ... to express it in a form understandable to programmers. This is primarily due to information gap.
Description : A simple way of looking at the spiral life-cycle model is as a waterfall model with each phase proceeded by a) Build-and-fix b) Freezing c) Synchronization d) Testing e) Risk analysis
Last Answer : e) Risk analysis
Description : Project risk factor is considered in ? Spiral Model Waterfall Model Prototyping Model Iterative enhancement Model
Last Answer : Spiral Model
Description : Software safety is a ................... activity that focuses on the identification and assessment of potential hazards that may affect software negatively and cause an entire ... monitoring and management (B) Software quality assurance (C) Software cost estimation (D) Defect removal efficiency
Last Answer : (B) Software quality assurance
Description : Software project planning entails what activities? What are the difficulties faced in measuring the Software Costs?
Last Answer : Ans. Software project planning entails the following activities: Estimation: o -Effort, cost, resource, and project duration Project scheduling: Staff organization: o -staffing ... actual specifications of the system hence cost estimations based on uncertain information cannot be accurate.
Description : What specific languages can be used in SRS? What are the advantages of using these specific languages of SRS?
Last Answer : Ans. Requirement specification necessitates the use of some specification language. The language should support the desired qualities of the SRS- modifiability, understandability, unambiguous, and so forth. ... formally specify the behavior of a system on different combination of input or settings.
Description : What is Data Dictionary? Explain each component?
Last Answer : Ans Data dictionary is a storehouse of data giving information about data. It is a list of terms and their definition for all data items and data files of a system. A data dictionary contains ... Data Stores- data Flows are data structures in motion whereas data stores are data structures at rest.
Description : Explain various types of static and dynamic testing tools.
Last Answer : Ans. Static testing tools: 1. Static analysers A static analyser operates from a pre-computed database of descriptive information derived from the source text of the program. The idea of a static ... for documenting that the tests have been done and that no defects were found during the process.
Description : How is cyclomatic complexity useful in program test? What is sequence of testing? What is testability?
Last Answer : Ans. Cyclomatic complexity measures the amount of decision logic in a single software module. It is used for two related purposes in the structured testing methodology. First, it gives the number of ... a lack of testability may hinder testing parts of the software or software requirements at all.
Description : Design black box test suits for a function that checks whether a character or string upto ten characters in a palindrome?
Last Answer : Ans Following may be the test cases: - Try with Even number of characters (MALAYALAM) - Try with Odd number of characters (ADDA) - Try with maximum length of string The following are negative test ... come for the following) - Try with empty string - Try with numbers - Try with special characters
Description : Compare and contrast reliability and availability?
Last Answer : Ans. Reliability:The probability of failure-free system operation over a specified time in a given environment for a given purpose is called reliability Availability:The probability that a system, at ... damage data, low reliability may not be a problem. Availability takes repair time into account.
Description : Explain various Object Oriented concepts used in Software Engineering. Give an example.
Last Answer : Ans .Various concepts of Object Oriented concepts used in Software Engineering: Object:- An object is something which is capable of being seen, touched or sensed. Each object has certain distinctions ... . A message can be sent between two objects only if they have an association between them.
Description : Define cohesion & coupling? Give suitable examples.
Last Answer : Ans Coupling:Coupling refers to the strength of the relationship between modules in a system. Coupling represents how strongly different modules are interconnected with each other. Cohesion: Cohesion ... Cohesion represents how strongly the internal elements of a module are bound to each other.
Description : What is Data Binding?
Last Answer : Ans.The matrix that attempts to capture the module-level concept of coupling is data binding. Data binding are a measure that captures the data interaction across portions of a software system. In ... words, data binding try to specify how strongly coupled different modules in a software system are.
Description : What is function point? Explain its importance. What is function-oriented metrics?
Last Answer : Ans. Function point measures the functionality from the user point of view, that is, on the basis of what the user request and receives in return. Therefore, it deals with ... empirical relationship based on countable measures of software's information domain and assessments of software complexity.