answer:1. I’m going to guess on a round number here: 150. (I’m only counting unique people, not double-counting or more for those who have participated in multiple launches.) 2. Let’s see: USA and USSR / Russia (counted as the same nation), Japan, India, Canada, France, Britain, Israel (?) – so I’m going with 8. 3. Have the Chinese launched any manned missions yet? I don’t think that India has. So I’m going to say 2, for the USA and USSR / Russia.