Minerals: These are the ground matters, naturally occurring abundantly in the non-livings also.Examples are sodium, potassium, calcium, phosphorous, iron, sulphur and molybdenum etc.
Vitamins: These are chemical compounds which are synthesized naturally by living cells. They are vital for physical functions, but are not primarily required for the basic function of life like metabolism including both, the catabolism and anabolism.
b) For bones, calcium is the major component along with the phosphorous. While the absorption of these is vitalized by the vitamin D.