(2) Article 352 Explanation: National emergency is caused by war, external aggression or armed rebellion in the whole of India or a part of its territory. Such an emergency was declared in India in 1962 (Indo-China war), 1971 (IndoPakistan war), and 1975 (declared by Indira Gandhi to escape conviction). The President can declare such an emergency under Article 352 of the Constitution only on the basis of a written request by the Council of Ministers headed by the Prime Minister. Such a proclamation must be approved by the Parliament within one month. Such an emergency can be imposed for six months. It can be extended by six months by repeated parliamentary approval.