Archimedes (Ancient Greek: খ Archimedes , in modern Greek Αρχιμήδης Archimedes) or Syracuse Archimedes (26-212 BC) is a Greek mathematician , physicist , engineer , astronomer, and philosopher. Although little is known about his life , he is considered one of the best scientists of the classical age. His notable contributions to physics include laying the foundations of ecology and fluid ecology, and giving detailed explanations of liver function. He is also famous for designing basic equipment such as Archimedes screw pumps for lifting water , siege engines for wartime attacks . Modern scientific experiments have made it possible to successfully set fire to ships with the help of his designed attack ship lifting device or a set of mirrors placed side by side.