The contribution of Giuseppe Mazzini: 1. He was a member of a secret society in Carbonari. At the age of 24, he was exiled for an attempt in a revolution in Liguria. 2. He found two underground societies- Young Italy in Marseilles and Young Europe in Berne. Its members were from Poland, France, German states and Italy. 3. Many secret societies were set up following his model and this scared the conservatives.