Fouling of membrane

Fouling of membrane
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Fouling of membrane: Membrane fouling is a process whereby a solution or a particle is deposited on a membrane surface or in membrane pores in a processes such as in a membrane bioreactor, reverse osmosis, forward osmosis, membrane distillation, ultrafiltration, microfiltration, or nanofiltration so that the membrane's performance is negatively affected.
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Factors responsible for membrane fouling

Description : Factors responsible for membrane fouling

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Membrane fouling control method

Description : Membrane fouling control method

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Reversible and irreversible fouling of membrane

Description : Reversible and irreversible fouling of membrane

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Bio fouling of membrane

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Dynamite is a tool that can be used to cut down trees. To cut a tree 18 inches in diameter requires five sticks of dynamite: one on the north, south, east and west sides of the tree, and the fifth stick on the side to which the tree should fall. During construction of a dam, a tree 18 inches in diameter was completely covered by water. Since the treetop was fouling the boat's propellers, it had to be cut down. A diver went down and put a stick of dynamite on the four sides of the tree. Since the current is flowing south at 2 knots per hour, on which side of the tree would you instruct the diver to put the fifth stick of dynamite if you wanted the tree to fall north? -Riddles

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Last Answer : It doesn't matter where the fifth stick is placed, since the tree won't fall in any direction. Being wood, it will float and rise to the surface.

1985 305 bad fuel order and my plugs are fouling out.

Description : 1985 305 bad fuel order and my plugs are fouling out.

Last Answer : Need Answer

Fouling factor' used in the design of a multipass shell and tube heat exchanger is a (A) Non-dimensional factor (B) Factor of safety

Description : Fouling factor' used in the design of a multipass shell and tube heat exchanger is a (A) Non-dimensional factor (B) Factor of safety

Last Answer : (B) Factor of safety

Pick out the wrong statement. (A) Superheated steam is preferably not used for process heating because of its low heat transfer film co-efficient (B) In a shell and tube heat exchanger, the shell pressure drop is maximum for orifice baffles (C) S.I. unit of fouling factor is Watt/m2 .°K (D) Longitudinal fins are used in extended surface heat exchangers, when the direction of fluid flow is parallel to the axis of the tube

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Baffles are provided in heat exchangers to increase the (A) Fouling factor (B) Heat transfer area (C) Heat transfer co-efficient (D) Heat transfer rate

Description : Baffles are provided in heat exchangers to increase the (A) Fouling factor (B) Heat transfer area (C) Heat transfer co-efficient (D) Heat transfer rate

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Fouling factor (A) Is a dimensionless quantity (B) Does not provide a safety factor for design (C) Accounts for additional resistances to heat flow (D) None of these

Description : Fouling factor (A) Is a dimensionless quantity (B) Does not provide a safety factor for design (C) Accounts for additional resistances to heat flow (D) None of these

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Which characteristic of a fluid is not important in deciding its route in a shell and tube heat exchanger? (A) Corrosiveness (B) Fouling characteristic (C) Viscosity (D) None of these

Description : Which characteristic of a fluid is not important in deciding its route in a shell and tube heat exchanger? (A) Corrosiveness (B) Fouling characteristic (C) Viscosity (D) None of these

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In SI units, fouling factor is expressed in (A) m2°K/W (B) W/m2°K (C) m2°K (D) m°K/W

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Last Answer : (A) m2°K/W

The overall heat transfer co-efficient for a shell and tube heat exchangerfor clean surfaces is U0 = 400 W/m2.K. The fouling factor after one year ofoperation is found to be hd0 = 2000 W/m2.K. The overall heat transfer co￾efficient at this time is(A) 1200 W/m2.K(B) 894 W/m2.K(C) 333 W/m2.K(D) 287 W/m2.K

Description : The overall heat transfer co-efficient for a shell and tube heat exchangerfor clean surfaces is U0 = 400 W/m2 .K. The fouling factor after one year of operation is found to be hd0 = 2000 W/m2 .K. The overall heat transfer co￾efficient ... 1200 W/m2 .K (B) 894 W/m2 .K (C) 333 W/m2 .K (D) 287 W/m2 .K

Last Answer : (C) 333 W/m2 .K

Which of the following parameters of the fluid is not very important, while deciding its route in a shell and tube heat exchanger? (A) Corrosiveness & fouling characteristics (B) Pressure (C) Viscosity (D) Density

Description : Which of the following parameters of the fluid is not very important, while deciding its route in a shell and tube heat exchanger? (A) Corrosiveness & fouling characteristics (B) Pressure (C) Viscosity (D) Density

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Which is the best tube arrangement (in a shell and tube heat exchanger) if the fluids are clean and non-fouling? (A) Square pitch (B) Triangular pitch (C) Diagonal square pitch

Description : Which is the best tube arrangement (in a shell and tube heat exchanger) if the fluids are clean and non-fouling? (A) Square pitch (B) Triangular pitch (C) Diagonal square pitch chemical-engineering

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Fouling factor for a heat exchanger is given by (where, U1 = heat transfer co-efficient of dirty surface U2 = heat transfer co-efficient of clean surface). (A) U1 - U2 (B) 1/U1 - 1/U2 (C) 1/U2 - 1/U1 (D) U2 - U1

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Last Answer : (B) 1/U1 - 1/U2

Which of the following performance characteristics of a S.I engine is not affected by the front end volatility of the petrol used? (A) Vapour locking (B) Hot starting (C) Spark plug fouling (D) All 'a', 'b' & 'c'

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Baffles provided on the shell side of a shell and tube heat exchanger are meant for (A) Providing support for the tubes (B) Improving heat transfer (C) Both 'a' & 'b' (D) Preventing the fouling of tubes & stagnation of shell side fluid

Description : Baffles provided on the shell side of a shell and tube heat exchanger are meant for (A) Providing support for the tubes (B) Improving heat transfer (C) Both 'a' & 'b' (D) Preventing the fouling of tubes & stagnation of shell side fluid

Last Answer : C) Both 'a' & 'b'

Pollution caused by cooling tower includes 1. Fouling 2. Limestone formation 3. Corrosion 4. All of above

Description : Pollution caused by cooling tower includes 1. Fouling 2. Limestone formation 3. Corrosion 4. All of above

Last Answer : All of above

The presence of these pollutants can cause a series of problems. The main problems that are caused______ • are fouling, • limestone formation, • corrosion and biological • All of the above

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Description : When is spark plug fouling most likely to occur? a. In the climb if you have not adjusted the mixture b. Cruise power c. In the descent if you have not adjusted the mixture d. Max take-off power

Last Answer : a. In the climb if you have not adjusted the mixture