Description : Which of the following refers to use of more than one theoretical position in interpreting data? a. Data Triangulation b. Time Triangulation c. Method Triangulation d. Theory Triangulation
Last Answer : d. Theory Triangulation
Description : Which strategy used to promote qualitative research validity uses multiple research methods to study a phenomenon? a. Data triangulation b. Methods triangulation c. Theory triangulation d. Member checking
Last Answer : b. Methods triangulation
Description : The use of multiple data sources to help understand a phenomenon is one strategy that is used to promote qualitative research validity. Which of the following terms describes this strategy? a. Data matching b. Pattern matching c. Data triangulation d. Data feedback
Last Answer : c. Data triangulation
Description : Qualitative research is often exploratory and has all of the following characteristics except: a. It is typically used when a great deal is already known about the topic of interest b. It ... hypotheses and develop theory about phenomena in the world d. It uses the inductive scientific method
Last Answer : a. It is typically used when a great deal is already known about the topic of interest
Description : The use of multiple observers to allow cross-checking of observations to make sure that the investigators agree with what took place is known as a. Interpretive validity b. Researcher bias c. Multiple operationalism d. Investigator triangulation
Last Answer : d. Investigator triangulation
Description : Which “scientific method” follows these steps: 1) observation/data, 2) patterns, 3) theory? a. Inductive b. Deductive c. retrospective d. Top down
Last Answer : a. Inductive
Description : All of the following are common characteristics of experimental research except: a. It relies primarily on the collection of numerical data b. It can produce important knowledge about cause and ... uses the deductive scientific method d. It rarely is conducted in a controlled setting or environment
Last Answer : d. It rarely is conducted in a controlled setting or environment
Description : Following are the elements of qualitative research except one; a. Reductionist b. Holistic c. Subjective d. Develop theory
Last Answer : a. Reductionist
Description : The Method section of the research plan typically specifies EXCEPT; a. The research participants b. The results of prior studies that address the phenomena of interest c. The apparatus, instruments, and materials for the research study d. The planned research procedures
Last Answer : b. The results of prior studies that address the phenomena of interes
Description : ________ is a general methodology for developing theory that is based on data systematically gathered and analyzed. a. Theory confirmation b. Grounded theory c. Theory deduction d. phenomenology
Last Answer : b. Grounded theory
Description : Which of the following best describes quantitative research? a. the collection of non-numerical data b. an attempt to confirm the researcher’s hypotheses c. research that is exploratory d. research that attempts to generate a new theory
Last Answer : b. an attempt to confirm the researcher’s hypotheses
Description : Which of these is not a method of data collection? a. Questionnaires b. Interviews c. Experiments d. Observations
Last Answer : c. Experiments
Description : The research participants are described in detail in which section of the research plan? a. Introduction b. Method c. Data analysis d. Discussion
Last Answer : b. Method
Description : To obtain the desired data in a study, which of the following types of definition is most essential? a. Theoretical b. Conceptual c. Operational d. Dictionary
Last Answer : c. Operational
Description : _________ is used to describe cultural scenes or the cultural characteristics of a group of people. a. Phenomenology b. Ethnography c. Grounded theory d. Instrumental case study
Last Answer : b. Ethnography
Description : A researcher studies a Kashmiri group for a six month period to learn all about them so he can write a book about that particular tribe. What type of research will he likely be conducting? a. Ethnography b. Phenomenology c. Grounded theory d. Collective case study
Last Answer : a. Ethnography
Description : The type of qualitative research that describes the culture of a group of people is called; a. Phenomenology b. Grounded theory c. Ethnography d. Case study
Last Answer : c. Ethnography
Description : In which qualitative research approach is the primary goal to gain access to individuals’ inner worlds of experience? a. Phenomenology b. Ethnography c. Grounded theory d. Case study
Last Answer : a. Phenomenology
Description : ________ is a study of human consciousness and individuals’ experience of some phenomenon. a. Phenomenology b. Ethnography c. Grounded theory d. Case study research
Description : Which of the following has contributed to the development of many middle range theories of phenomena relevant to nurses? a. Historical research b. Phenomenological Research c. Grounded theory d. Ethnography Research
Last Answer : c. Grounded theory
Description : A research is undertaken to answer questions about causes, effects, or trends relating to past events that may shed light on present behaviors or practices is called as; a. Historical research b. Phenomenological Research c. Grounded theory d. Ethnography Research
Last Answer : a. Historical research
Description : Which of the following focuses on individuals’ interpretation of their experience & the ways in which they express them? a. Historical research b. Phenomenological Research c. Grounded theory d. Ethnography Research
Last Answer : b. Phenomenological Research
Description : Which of the following is NOT a purpose of descriptive studies? a. To serve as a starting point for hypothesis generation b. To get rigorous control of the variables c. To serve as a starting ... for theory development d. To observe, describe, & document aspects of a situation as it naturally occurs
Last Answer : b. To get rigorous control of the variables
Description : The degree to which the components of the research reflect the theory, concept, or variable under study is termed as; a. Design Validity b. Threats to Validity c. Internal validity d. External validity
Last Answer : a. Design Validity
Description : Which of the following is NOT concept of measurement theory? a. Directness of measurement b. Reliability c. Feasibility d. Measurement error
Last Answer : C
Description : Which of the following is a function of theory? a. Integrating and summarizing current knowledge b. Making predictions c. Explaining phenomena d. All of the above are important functions of theory
Last Answer : d. All of the above are important functions of theory
Description : Sources of researchable problems can include: a. Researchers’ own experiences as educators b. Practical issues that require solutions c. Theory and past research d. All of the above
Last Answer : d. All of the above
Description : Which of the following statements is true of a theory? a. it most simply means “explanation” b. it answers the “how” and “why” questions c. it can be a well developed explanatory system d. all of the above
Last Answer : d. all of the above
Description : Which of the following is/are the characteristic of a good theory or explanation? a. It is parsimonious b. It is testable c. It is general enough to apply to more than one place, situation, or person d. All of the above
Description : Which of the following is Not a type of Qualitative research in nursing? a. Phenomenological research b. Grounded theory c. Cross sectional research d. Historical research
Last Answer : c. Cross sectional research
Description : Following are the threats to internal validity Except one; a. Novelty Effect b. History c. Selection d. Maturation
Last Answer : a. Novelty Effect
Description : Following are the elements of research critique EXCEPT ONE; a. Methodological dimensions b. Practical dimensions c. Ethical dimensions d. Interpretive dimensions
Last Answer : b. Practical dimensions
Description : Which of the following is not one of the 4 major approaches to qualitative research? a. Ethnography b. Phenomenology c. Case study d. Nonexperimental
Last Answer : d. Nonexperimental
Description : The major reason for conducting research is to: a. Provide nursing care to the clients b. Promote the growth of nursing profession c. Document the cost-effectiveness of care d. Ensure accountability for nursing practice
Last Answer : b. Promote the growth of nursing profession
Description : People who are available, volunteer, or can be easily recruited are used in the sampling method called ______. a. Simple random sampling b. Cluster sampling c. Systematic sampling d. Convenience sampling
Last Answer : d. Convenience sampling
Description : When each member of a population has an equally likely chance of being selected, this is called: a. A nonrandom sampling method b. A quota sample c. A snowball sample d. A Random Sample
Last Answer : d. A Random Sample
Description : In research, something that does not "vary" is called a ___________. a. Variable b. Method c. Constant d. control group
Last Answer : d. control group
Description : Which scientific method often focuses on generating new hypotheses and theories? a. Deductive method b. Inductive method c. Hypothesis method d. Pattern method
Last Answer : b
Description : Which scientific method focuses on testing hypotheses developed from theories? a. Deductive method b. Inductive method c. Hypothesis method d. Pattern method
Last Answer : a. Deductive method
Description : Which scientific method is a bottom-up or generative approach to research? a. Deductive method b. Inductive method c. Hypothesis method d. Pattern method
Last Answer : b. Inductive method
Description : Which scientific method is a top-down or confirmatory approach? a. Deductive method b. Inductive method c. Hypothesis method d. Pattern method
Description : What is the basis of the Scientific Method? a. To test hypotheses in conditions that are conducive to its success b. To formulate a research problem and disprove the hypothesis c. To formulate a ... the hypothesis. d. To test hypotheses and if they are disproved, they should be abandoned completely
Last Answer : c. To formulate a research problem, test the hypothesis in carefully controlled conditions that challenge the hypothesis.
Description : Which of the following is NOT characteristic of a nursing research? a. Development of theories, principles, and generalizations b. Uses chaotic method of problem-solving c. Requires full skill of writing report d. Involves precise observation and accurate description
Last Answer : b. Uses chaotic method of problem-solving
Description : Research Does Not means to; a. Search again b. Examine carefully c. Create problem d. Method of problem solving
Last Answer : c. Create problem
Description : Which of the following terms best describes data that were originally collected at an earlier time by a different person for a different purpose? a. Primary data b. Secondary data c. Experimental data d. Field notes
Last Answer : b. Secondary data
Description : One of the aims of the scientific method in research is to: (A) improve data interpretation (B) eliminate spurious relations (C) confirm triangulation (D) introduce new variables
Last Answer : Answer: B aims of the scientific method in research is: Observe and Describe Predict Determination of the Causes Explain The aims of research can then be finetuned, or may serve to open up new areas of interest. Either way, the store of human knowledge has been enriched and increased.
Description : Which of the following types of reliability refers to the consistency of test scores over time? a. Equivalent forms reliability b. Split-half reliability c. Test-retest reliability d. Inter-scorer reliability
Last Answer : c. Test-retest reliability
Description : The primary data analysis approach in ethnography is: a. Open, axial, and selective coding b. Holistic description and search for cultural themes c. Cross-case analysis d. Identifying essences of a phenomenon
Last Answer : b. Holistic description and search for cultural themes
Description : Which of the following statements are true? a. The larger the sample size, the greater the sampling error b. The more categories or breakdowns you want to make in your data analysis, the larger ... the larger the sample needed d. As sample size decreases, so does the size of the confidence interval
Last Answer : b. The more categories or breakdowns you want to make in your data analysis, the larger the sample needed
Description : Researchers use both open-ended and closed-ended questions to collect data. Which of the following statements is true? a. Open-ended questions directly provide quantitative data based on the ... own words d. Closed-ended questions directly provide qualitative data in the participants' own words
Last Answer : c. Open-ended questions provide qualitative data in the participant’s own words