Description : In fiber optics, PCS stands for ∙ a. Plastic-clad-silica ∙ b. Polyethylene-clad-silica ∙ c. Personal carrier system ∙ d. Personal communication
Last Answer : ∙ a. Plastic-clad-silica
Description : The cutoff wavelength of matched-clad and depressed-clad single mode fibers varies according to the fiber's radius of curvature and length. The cutoff wavelength of which single mode fiber type is more sensitive to length
Last Answer : Depressed-clad.
Description : Silica (pure glass) fibers are used because of their low intrinsic material absorption at the wavelengths of operation. This wavelength of operation is between two intrinsic absorption regions. What are these two regions called? What are the wavelengths of operation for these two regions?
Last Answer : Ultraviolet absorption region (below 400 nm) and infrared absorption region (above 2000 nm).
Description : In fiber optics, SCS stands for ∙ a. Suppressed-clad-silicon ∙ b. Silicon base-class-silica ∙ c. Silica-clad-silica ∙ d. Serial-clad-silicon
Last Answer : c. Silica-clad-silica
Description : What type of source is typically used in low-data-rate digital applications?
Last Answer : LED.
Description : An absorption loss caused by valence electrons in the silica material from which fibers are manufactured. A. Modal dispersion B. Infrared absorption C. Ion resonance absorption D. Ultraviolet absorption
Last Answer : D. Ultraviolet absorption
Description : Optical fibers for telecommunications are typically about _____ mils thick and consists of a glass core, a glass cladding of lower index of refraction, and a protective coating ∙ a. 5 ∙ b. 6 ∙ c. 7 ∙ d. 8
Last Answer : ∙ a. 5
Description : Which type of optical splitter (Y-coupler or T-coupler) splits only a small amount of power from the input fiber to one of the output fibers?
Last Answer : T-coupler
Description : Which type of fiber optic connector (butt-jointed or expanded beam) brings the prepared ends of two optical fibers into close contact?
Last Answer : Butt-jointed connectors.
Description : What is the basic fiber cleaving technique for preparing optical fibers for coupling?
Last Answer : Score-and-break.
Description : Which are more sensitive to alignment errors, single mode or multimode fibers?
Last Answer : Single mode.
Description : When the axes of two connected fibers are no longer in parallel, the two connected fibers are in what kind of misalignment?
Last Answer : Angular misalignment.
Description : Do small core distortions formed by arc fusion's self alignment mechanism have more of an affect on light propagating through multimode or single mode fibers?
Last Answer : Single mode fibers.
Description : Which semiconductor sources (LD or LED) emit more focused light and are capable of launching sufficient optical power into both single mode and multimode fibers?
Last Answer : LDs.
Description : List the three techniques used by manufacturers to buffer optical fibers.
Last Answer : Tight-buffered, loose-tube, and gel-filled loose-tube.
Description : List three benefits that properly cabled optical fibers provide.
Last Answer : a. Protect optical fibers from damage or breakage during installation and over the fiber's lifetime. b. Provide stable fiber transmission characteristics compared with uncabled fibers. c. Maintain the physical integrity of the optical fiber.
Description : What are the two methods used by fiber manufacturers to fabricate multimode and single mode glass fibers?
Last Answer : Vapor phase oxidation and direct-melt process.
Description : List the types of materials used in fabricating low-loss, long wavelength optical fibers.
Last Answer : Heavy-metal fluorides, chalcogenide glasses, and crystalline materials.
Description : Give two reasons why the value of the normalized frequency (V) is varied in single mode stepindex fibers?
Last Answer : To increase performance and reduce losses caused by bending and splicing.
Description : In single mode operation, the value of the normalized frequency (V) should remain near the 2.405 level. If the value of V is less than 1, do single mode fibers carry a majority of the power in the core or cladding material?
Last Answer : Cladding material.
Description : What are the two basic types of single mode step-index fibers?
Last Answer : Matched-clad and depressed-clad.
Description : Light propagates in multimode graded-index fibers according to refraction and total internal reflection. When does total internal reflection occur?
Last Answer : When the angle of incidence becomes larger than the critical angle of incidence.
Description : Multimode step-index fibers have relatively large core diameters and large numerical apertures. These provide what benefit?
Last Answer : Make it easier to couple light from a light-emitting diode (LED) into the fiber.
Description : In multimode step-index fibers, the majority of light propagates in the fiber core for what reason?
Last Answer : Most modes in multimode step-index fibers propagate far from cutoff.
Description : Multimode step-index fibers have a core and cladding of constant refractive index n1 and n2, respectively. Which refractive index, the core or cladding, is lower?
Last Answer : Cladding.
Description : List the standard core sizes for multimode step-index, multimode graded-index, and single mode fibers
Last Answer : Multimode step-index fibers: 50µm and 100µm. Multimode graded-index fibers: 50µm, 62.5µm, 85µm, and 100µm. Single mode fibers: between 8µm and 10µm.
Description : Multimode optical fibers can have a step-index or graded index refractive index profile. Which fiber, multimode step-index or multimode graded-index fiber, usually performs better?
Last Answer : Multimode graded-index fiber
Description : in multimode fibers, how do fiber joints increase fiber attenuation following the joint?
Last Answer : By disturbing the fiber's mode power distribution (MPD).
Description : Will the cutoff wavelength of uncabled fibers (lcf) generally have a value higher or lower than the cutoff wavelength of cabled fibers (λcc)?
Last Answer : Higher.
Description : A mode filter is a device that attenuates specific modes propagating in the core of an optical fiber. What mode propagating along single mode fibers do mode filters eliminate?
Last Answer : Second-order mode.
Description : Will an optical fiber's attenuation coefficient vary with changes in wavelength?
Last Answer : Yes.
Description : Optical fibers or cables should never be bent at a radius of curvature smaller than a certain value. Identify this radius of curvature
Last Answer : Minimum bend radius.
Description : Which dispersion mechanism (material or waveguide) is a function of the size of the fiber's core relative to the wavelength of operation?
Last Answer : Waveguide dispersion.
Description : The value of the normalized frequency parameter (V) relates the core size with mode propagation. When single mode fibers propagate only the fundamental mode, what is the value of V?
Last Answer : V≤2.405.
Description : The fiber's normalized frequency (V) determines how many modes a fiber can support. As the value of V increases, will the number of modes supported by the fiber increase or decrease?
Last Answer : Increase.
Description : What are the two basic types of optical fibers?
Last Answer : Multimode and single mode fibers.
Description : How can loss be reduced during construction (or fabrication) of optical fibers?
Last Answer : By removing the impurities from optical fiber.
Description : The three essential types of fiber commonly used today except: ∙ A. Plastic core and cladding ∙ B. Plastic core and glass cladding ∙ C. Glass core and glass cladding (SCS) ∙ D. Glass core and plastic cladding (PCS)
Last Answer : B. Plastic core and glass cladding
Description : Silica is used in _____. A. Plastic Making B. Glass Making C. Iron Making D. Wood Making
Last Answer : ANSWER: B
Description : Manufacturing Silica is used in _____. A. Plastic Making B. Glass Making C. Iron Making D. Wood Making
Description : Choose the optical fibre material from the given materials. a) Glass b) Plastic c) Silica d) Quartz
Last Answer : c) Silica
Description : What are the charaCTERISTICS OF ELASTIC FIBERS?
Last Answer : Need answer
Description : A stage of mitosis is shown in the diagram. Which stage is it and what are its characteristics? (a) Metaphase - Spindle fibers attached to kinetochores, centromeres split and chromatids ... chromatids separate and start moving away. (d) Late prophase - Chromosomes move to spindle equator.
Last Answer : (b) Metaphase - Chromosomes moved to spindle equator, chromosomes made up of two sister chromatids.
Description : Typically, plastic becomes brittle with age. So how come vinyl records are still playable after all these years?
Last Answer : Records are made out the same material your plumbing pipes are with some special additives. PVC itself is made to last a very long time. Did you know that the first cylinders Edison ... historically and presently. https://cen.acs.org/articles/94/i24/Groovy-chemistry-materials-science-behind.html
Description : An across-the-line starter is typically used for which of the following applications? A. Reduced-current starting of large motors B. Low torque starting of small motors C. Low resistance starting of DC motors D. Full-voltage starting of motors
Last Answer : Answer: D
Description : This is a software distribution model in which applications are hosted by a vendor or service provider and made available to customers over a network, typically the Internet. A. Platform as a Service (PaaS) B. Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) C. Software as a Service (SaaS).
Last Answer : Software as a Service (SaaS).
Description : Which resources are typically provided by an Infrastructure as a Service cloud computing delivery model? A. applications B. virtual machines C. virtual private networks D. middleware software stacks
Last Answer : middleware software stacks
Last Answer : virtual machines
Description : Point out the correct statement. a) Mapper maps input key/value pairs to a set of intermediate key/value pairs b) Applications typically implement the Mapper and Reducer interfaces to provide the map and ... methods c) Mapper and Reducer interfaces form the core of the job d) None of the mentioned
Last Answer : None of the mentioned