Classify the solids into conductors, semiconductors and insulators on the basis of band theory of solids.

Classify the solids into conductors, semiconductors and insulators on the basis of band theory of solids. 
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1 Answer

Answer :

In conductors there is no energy gap between valance band and conduction band, they are overlapped on each other. So electrons can jump from valance band to conduction band easily and material conducts the current. 


In semiconductors the energy gap between valance band and conduction band is very small i.e. 1eV. So electrons can jump from valance band to conduction band when small amount of energy is supplied to it. Therefore conductivity of semiconductors is in between conductors and insulators. 


In insulators the energy gap between valance band and conduction band is very large i.e. 5.5eV. So electrons cannot jump from valance band to conduction band when some amount of energy is supplied to it. Therefore insulators cannot conduct the current.

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