What was the Mendeleev’s basis for classification of elements?

What was the Mendeleev’s basis for classification of elements?
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Mendeleev’s classification is based on atomic mass.
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Iron which resembles Cobalt and Nickel in properties has been placed far away from these elements. This was one of the limitations of : (1) Modern periodic table (2) Newland's law of octaves (3) Dobereiner's triads (4) Mendeleev's periodic table

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