Description : List the types of hydro power plants based on availability of head
Last Answer : 1. High head power plant(head>100m) 2. Medium head power plant(30m-100m) 3. Low head power plants(head
Description : Explain about penstock?
Last Answer : The pipe between surge tank and prime mover is known as penstock. It is designed to withstand high pressure. It is made up of reinforced concrete. In very cold areas, the penstock is buried to prevent ice formation and to reduce the expansion joints.
Description : What is meant by catchment area and explain its function:
Last Answer : The whole area behind the dam is called the catchment area. The rain water in the area will be drained into the dam through a dam or river.
Description : What is meant by pumped storage power plant?
Last Answer : The pumped storage plants are used for load balancing. During peak load water is used to work on turbines to produce electricity. Water after working in turbines is stored in the tail race reservoir.
Description : What is power house?
Last Answer : A power house is a stable structure which houses the equipment in the power plant
Description : Write about prime movers?
Last Answer : Prime mover converts the kinetic energy of water into mechanical energy to produce electrical energy. Pelton wheel turbine, Francis turbine, Kaplan turbine and Propeller turbine are prime movers used in hydraulic power plants.
Description : What is the use of spill Ways?
Last Answer : Spillway is like a safety valve of the dam. It discharges major flood without damaging the dam. It keeps the reservoir level below the maximum level allowed.
Description : What is the function of Fore bay?
Last Answer : Fore bay is considered as naturally provided surge tank. It is temporary water storage when the load on the plant is reduced and provides water for initial increment on increasing load.
Description : What is the use of surge tank?
Last Answer : The surge tank is used to provide better regulation of water pressure in the system. The surge tank controls the water when the load on the turbine decreases and supplies water when the ... variations resulting from the rapid changes in water flow in penstock and hence prevents water hammer.
Description : Why trash rack is used?
Last Answer : The trash rack is used to prevent the entry of debris, which might damage the turbine runners and chock up the nozzle of impulse turbine.
Description : What is the main purpose of the dam?
Last Answer : The main purpose of the dam is to increase the height of water level and also to increase the working head of the hydraulic power plant.
Description : What is the main purpose of the reservoir?
Last Answer : The main purpose of reservoir is to store water received from catchments areas during the rainy seasons and supply the same during the dry season.
Description : What are the essential elements of hydro power plant?
Last Answer : 1. Catchment area 2. Reservoir 3. Dam 4. Surge tanks 5. Draft tubes 6. Power house 7. Switched for transmission of power
Description : What are the working fluids in gas turbine?
Last Answer : 1.Air 2.Helium 3.Argon 4.Carbon dioxide
Description : Explain the working of thermal power plant.
Last Answer : It uses coal as the primary fuel to boil the water available to superheated steam for driving the steam turbine. The steam turbine is then mechanically coupled to an alternator rotor, the rotation of which results in the generation of electric power.
Description : List any four applications of diesel power plant.
Last Answer : 1. Used as peak load plants 2. Suitable for mobile plants 3. Used as standby units 4. Used as emergency plant
Description : List the components of diesel power plant.
Last Answer : 1.Diesel engine 2. Air intake system 3. Exhaust system 4. Fuel system 5. Cooling system 6. Lubricating system 7. Starting of engine
Description : List the various types of diesel plants.
Last Answer : Based on number of strokes: (a) Two stroke diesel engine (b) Four srtoke diesel engine Based on orientation: (a) Horizontal diesel engine (b) Vertical diesel engine Based on number of ... (a) single cylinder (b) Multi cylinder And other type like naturally aspirated, superheated etc.,
Description : What is the function of coolant?
Last Answer : Heat is absorbed by the coolant that is produced in the reactor. Typical coolants are water, carbon dioxide gas or liquid sodium.
Description : What is the function of shielding?
Last Answer : Shielding prevents radiations to reach outside the reactor. Lead blocks and concrete enclosure that is strong enough of several meters thickness are used for shielding.
Description : What is the function of control rod in nuclear reactor?
Last Answer : These rods absorb neutrons and stop the chain reaction to proceed further.. Some control rods are made from an alloy of silver and cadmium. Some are made from boron mixed with iron or carbon. ... happens and the reactor gets colder.The control rods can used to shut the reactor down completely.
Description : Define water as moderator.
Last Answer : Neutrons from fission have very high speeds and must slowed greatly by water moderation to maintain the chain reaction.
Description : what is function of Moderator in nuclear reactor?
Last Answer : The moderator is a material which slows down the speed of the neutrons. The moderator is usually made from water but some reactors use graphite also.Neutrons released from the chain reaction must be ... moderator slows the neutrons down so that they can be captured and keep the chain reaction going.
Description : Which is the nuclear fuel used ?
Last Answer : The commonly used fuels are Uranium, Plutonium or Thorium. It can be U-235, U-238, Pu-236 or Th-232. Uranium is mostly preferred as it has high melting point.
Description : Name the different components of nuclear reactor?
Last Answer : 1. Nuclear fuel 2. Moderator 3. Control rods 4. Reflectors 5. Reactor vessel 6. Biological shielding 7. Coolant
Description : Write about classification of draught?
Last Answer : Draught is classified as 1. Natural draught 2. Artificial draught
Description : Define draught, what is the use of draught in thermal power plants?
Last Answer : Draught is defined as a small pressure difference required between the fuel bed (furnace) and outside air to maintain constant flow of air and to discharge the gases through chimney to the atmosphere. ... combustion products through the system. · To remove burnt products from the system
Description : What is the working principle of Cooling Towers?
Last Answer : The hot water is sprayed from the top of the tower, while the air is made to flow from the bottom of the tower to the top. This air cools the hot water in the cooling tower. Air vaporises ... and leaves at the top of the tower and cooled water leaves at the bottom and recirculated to the condenser.
Description : What are different types of Steam boilers used in Thermal Power Plants?
Last Answer : Different type of boiler used in thermal power plants are: Fire tube boiler Water tube boiler Natural Circulation boiler Forced Circulation boiler Once through boiler
Description : List the types of super heaters:
Last Answer : 1. Radiant super heater- absorb heat by radiation 2. Convention super heater-absorb heat via a fluid 3. Separately fixed super heaters- it is totally separated from the boiler
Description : What is meant by cooling Towers?
Last Answer : It is a tower or building like device in which atmospheric air circulates in direct or indirect contact with warmer water and water is thereby cooled. Cooling towers may either use the evaporation of water to remove process heat and cool the working fluid
Description : What consists of cooling water circuit and coal & ash circuit in steam power plant?
Last Answer : The cooling water circuit consists of a pump, condenser and cooling tower. The coal and ash circuit consists of coal delivery, preparation of coal, handling of coal to the boiler furnace, ash handling and ash storage.
Description : What consists of feed water and steam flow circuit in steam power?
Last Answer : The feed water and steam flow circuit consists of feed pump, economizer boiler drum super heater, turbine and condenser.
Description : What consists of air and flue gas circuit?
Last Answer : Air and flue gas circuit consists of forced draught fan, air-pre-heater, boiler, furnace, super heater, economizer, dust collector, induced draught fan and chimney.
Description : Name the four major circuits in steam power plant.
Last Answer : • Coal and ash circuit • Air and flue gas circuit • Feed water and steam circuit • Cooling water circuit
Description : What is the function of Air preheater?
Last Answer : Air pre heater is used to transfer heat from the flue gases to the air before it passes into the furnace for combustion thereby increasing the thermal efficiency of the process.
Description : What is an Economizer?
Last Answer : An economizer is a mechanical device which is used as a heat exchanger by preheating water by recovering residual heat from the flue gases in thermal power plant.
Description : What is superheater?
Last Answer : A superheater is a device used to convert saturated steam or wet steam into dry steam
Description : Why the preparation of coal is necessary?
Last Answer : The coal from coal nines cannot be directly fed into the furnace. Proper preparation of coal should be done before feeding the coal to the furnace. In the coal preparation, the coal passes through the different equipments like 1.Crushers 2. Sizers 3. Driers and Magnetic Separators.
Description : List the factors to be considered while choosing a site for steam power station:
Last Answer : 1.Supply of fuel 2.Availability of water 3.Transportation facilities 4.Cost and type of land 5.Nearness to load centres 6.Distance from populated area
Description : Explain the main difference between impulse and reaction turbine.
Last Answer : When the inlet pressure of steam to the turbine is equal to outlet pressure of steam from the turbine the turbine is called the impulse turbine. In this type the heat is added is very less. ... than the inlet pressure of the steam. There is reduction in pressure with the increase in kinetic energy.
Description : Low head plants generally use (A) Pelton Turbines (B) Francis Turbine (C) Pelton or Francis Turbine (D) Kaplan Turbines
Last Answer : Ans: A In the hysterisis motor, the direction of rotation can be reversed by shifting the shaded pole region with respect to main pole. But not by changing supply lead because it has ac supply.
Description : With neat diagram explain the following terms: (i) Steam turbine co-generation system (ii) Gas turbine co-generation system
Last Answer : (i) Steam turbine co-generation system: The two types of steam turbines most widely used are the backpressure and the extraction. Another variation of the steam turbine topping ... power. The exhaust or the extracted steam from the steam turbine provides the required thermal energy.
Description : Explain the principle of working of impulse steam turbine.
Last Answer : When steam enters the turbine it suffers a change in direction and momentum, which gives rise to the rotation of the turbine. There will be no drop in pressure in impulse steam turbine.
Description : Explain the Need of draft tube in reaction turbine .state the types of draft tube used in it
Last Answer : Draft tube is a pipe of gradually increasing diameter which connects the exit of runner of turbine to tail race. In case of reaction turbine , one part of available head is converted into K.E before ... . iv. Elbow draft tube with circular cross section at inlet and rectangular at outlet.
Description : Explain the need of compounding. Suggest the method of compounding for reaction steam turbine with justification.
Last Answer : Need of compounding: ✔The compounding of steam turbine means the methods to reduce the speed of rotor shaft. ✔To increase the thermal efficiency in power plants, high pressure and high ... compounding: i. Velocity compounding ii. Pressure compounding iii. Pressure-Velocity compounding
Description : The net head under which the turbine reaches its peak efficiency at synchronous speed is called (A) Design head (B) Rated head (C) Gross head (D) Operating head
Last Answer : Answer: Option A
Description : Two Pelton turbines A and B have the same specific speed and are working under the same head. Turbine A produces 400 kW at 1000 rpm. If turbine B produces 100kW, then its rpm is (a) 4000 (b) 2000 (c) 1500 (d) 3000
Last Answer : (b) 2000
Description : Assume that water vaporizes at an absolute pressure of 1.5 m, barometric pressure head is 9.5 m and cavitation coefficient is 0.1 A turbine operates under a head of 40 m. the safe height of the runner above the tail water level, in meters, is : a) 6 b) 4 c) 3 d) 2
Last Answer : b) 4
Description : For high head and low discharge, the water turbine used is
Last Answer : For high head and low discharge, the water turbine used is Pelton wheel