(1) Mendel Explanation: The laws of heredity were discovered by Gregor Mendel in about 1856- 1863. Mendel conducted experiments in plant hybridization, collecting the results of crossfertilizing hundreds of edible pea plants. The results from Menders experiments confirmed his ideas about heredity: the law of segregation, which has become known as Mendel's First Law, and the law of independent assortment, also known as Mendel's Second Law.