In our body, antibodies are formed against pathogens in (1) liver by RBC (2) blood by platelets (3) brain by macrophages (4) thymus by lymphocytes

In our body, antibodies are formed against pathogens in (1) liver by RBC (2) blood by platelets (3) brain by macrophages (4) thymus by lymphocytes 
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 thymus by lymphocytes
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In our body, antibodies are formed against pathogens in – (1) liver by RBC (2) blood by platelets (3) brain by macrophages (4) thymus by lymphocytes

Description : In our body, antibodies are formed against pathogens in – (1) liver by RBC (2) blood by platelets (3) brain by macrophages (4) thymus by lymphocytes

Last Answer : (4) thymus by lymphocytes

Which one of the following is correct? (a) Lymph = Plasma + RBC + WBC (b) Blood = Plasma + RBC + WBC + Platelets (c) Plasma = Blood – Lymphocytes (d) Serum = Blood + Fibrinogen

Description : Which one of the following is correct? (a) Lymph = Plasma + RBC + WBC (b) Blood = Plasma + RBC + WBC + Platelets (c) Plasma = Blood – Lymphocytes (d) Serum = Blood + Fibrinogen

Last Answer : (b) Blood = Plasma + RBC + WBC + Platelets

In case of infection, following is the first line of defense B A. Antibodies B. Macrophages C. Red blood cells D. Platelets

Description : In case of infection, following is the first line of defense  B A. Antibodies B. Macrophages C. Red blood cells D. Platelets

Last Answer : Macrophages

Tissue macrophages are derived from which one of the following? A. Resident activated fibroblasts B. Activated B lymphocytes C. Circulating monocytes D. Platelets

Description : Tissue macrophages are derived from which one of the following? A. Resident activated fibroblasts B. Activated B lymphocytes C. Circulating monocytes D. Platelets

Last Answer : Platelets

The cells which are responsible for the production of antibodies are – (1) red blood cells (2) neutrophils (3) lymphocytes (4) platelets

Description : The cells which are responsible for the production of antibodies are – (1) red blood cells (2) neutrophils (3) lymphocytes (4) platelets

Last Answer : (3) lymphocytes Explanation: An antibody (Ab), also known as an immunoglobulin (Ig), is a large Y-shaped protein produced by B-cells that is used by the immune system to identify and ... called antigens usually on the outside of an invading organism. This is called the antigen-antibody reaction.

The cells which are responsible for the production of antibodies are (1) red blood cells (2) neutrophils (3) lymphocytes (4) platelets

Description : The cells which are responsible for the production of antibodies are (1) red blood cells (2) neutrophils (3) lymphocytes (4) platelets

Last Answer : lymphocytes

The saliva pH is approximately 6.8. It is thus a slightly acid pH. Saliva lubricates the food bolus and initiates the enzymatic extracellular digestion of food. It also works as a buffer for the mouth pH and it has an important role of having IgA antibodies (also present in tears, colostrum, mother’s milk and in the mucosae of the intestine and airways) that protect the organism against pathogens.

Description : The saliva pH is approximately 6.8. It is thus a slightly acid pH. Saliva lubricates the food bolus and initiates the enzymatic extracellular digestion of food. It also works as a buffer for the ... 's milk and in the mucosae of the intestine and airways) that protect the organism against pathogens.

Last Answer : What is the salivary digestive enzyme? Which type of food does it digest and into which smaller molecules does it transform the food?

Which of the following statement(s) is/are true concerning the cell function of phagocytosis? a. Phagocytosis is a mechanistically distinct process of endocytosis performed by special cells to take up larger particles such as bacteria or erythrocytes b. Lymphocytes are the primary blood cell involved with this process c. The process involves a coating of the cytoplasmic surface known as clathrin d. Phagocytosis is performed only by white blood cells and tissue macrophages

Description : Which of the following statement(s) is/are true concerning the cell function of phagocytosis? a. Phagocytosis is a mechanistically distinct process of endocytosis performed by special cells to take ... known as clathrin d. Phagocytosis is performed only by white blood cells and tissue macrophages

Last Answer : Answer: a Phagocytosis is a specialized form of endocytosis by which large particles are internalized by specialized cells primarily macrophages and neutrophils. To be phagocytosed, particles ... the lumen of the thyroid follicle, thereby releasing the thyroid hormones, thyroxine triiodothyronine

The most active phagocytic white blood cells are (a) eosinophils and lymphocytes (b) neutrophils and monocytes (c) neutrophils and eosinophils (d) lymphocytes and macrophages.

Description : The most active phagocytic white blood cells are (a) eosinophils and lymphocytes (b) neutrophils and monocytes (c) neutrophils and eosinophils (d) lymphocytes and macrophages.

Last Answer : (b) neutrophils and monocytes

_______, found in blood, is responsible for oxygen transportation. (1) WBC (2) Platelets (3) RBC (4) Plasma

Description : _______, found in blood, is responsible for oxygen transportation. (1) WBC (2) Platelets (3) RBC (4) Plasma

Last Answer : (3) RBC Explanation: Red Blood Cells (RBCs) are responsible for carrying oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood. Also known as erythrocytes, they are specialized cells that circulate through the body and deliver oxygen to tissues.

TH1 cells activatea. B cells. b. Killing of pathogens in macrophages. c. Cytotoxic T cells. d. Humoral immunity.

Description : TH1 cells activate a. B cells. b. Killing of pathogens in macrophages. c. Cytotoxic T cells. d. Humoral immunity.

Last Answer : d. Humoral immunity

In case of infection, following is the first line of defense B A. Antibodies B. Macrophages C. Red blood cells D. Platelet

Description : In case of infection, following is the first line of defense  B A. Antibodies B. Macrophages C. Red blood cells D. Platelet

Last Answer : Macrophages

Which of the following cells or blood elements play a role in the initial phases of wound healing? a. Polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) b. Platelets c. Monocytes d. Lymphocytes

Description : Which of the following cells or blood elements play a role in the initial phases of wound healing? a. Polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) b. Platelets c. Monocytes d. Lymphocytes

Last Answer : Answer: a, b, c, d Shortly after the initial injury, the wound is full of debris which is cleared over the next several days by recruited and activated phagocytic cells. ... in the initial hemostatic process as well as releasing chemotactic factors and factors leading to fibroblast proliferation

Which of these components of the blood is responsible for clotting - (1) R.B.C. (2) Lymphocytes (3) Monocytes (4) Platelets

Description : Which of these components of the blood is responsible for clotting - (1) R.B.C. (2) Lymphocytes (3) Monocytes (4) Platelets

Last Answer : (4) Platelets Explanation: Coagulation is the process by which blood forms clots. It is an important part of hemostasis, the cessation of blood loss from a damaged vessel, wherein a ... begins almost instantly after an injury to the blood vessel has damaged the endothelium lining the vessel.

Which among the following helps in circulation of blood? (1) Arithrocyt us (2) Blood platelets (3) Monocytes (4) Lymphocytes

Description : Which among the following helps in circulation of blood? (1) Arithrocyt us (2) Blood platelets (3) Monocytes (4) Lymphocytes

Last Answer : (4) Lymphocytes Explanation: Lymphocytes helps in the circulation of blood. A lymphocyte is a type of white blood cell in the vertebrate immune system. The lymphatic system is an open system ... blood plasma after it has been filtered from the blood cells and returned to the lymphatic system.

Glucocorticoid causes an increase of: a. red blood cells b. lymphocytes c. eosinophils d. platelets

Description : Glucocorticoid causes an increase of: a. red blood cells b. lymphocytes c. eosinophils d. platelets

Last Answer : platelets

Which of the following is a term for mononuclear, granulocytic white blood cells that produce immunoglobulins? a) lymphocytes b) platelets c) erythrocytes (pron: eh-rith-reh-sites) d) none of these

Description : Which of the following is a term for mononuclear, granulocytic white blood cells that produce immunoglobulins? a) lymphocytes b) platelets c) erythrocytes (pron: eh-rith-reh-sites) d) none of these

Last Answer : ANSWER: A -- LYMPHOCYTES

Which of these components of the blood is responsible for clotting ? (1) R.B.C. (2) Lymphocytes (3) Monocytes (4) Platelets

Description : Which of these components of the blood is responsible for clotting ? (1) R.B.C. (2) Lymphocytes (3) Monocytes (4) Platelets

Last Answer : Platelets

Which among the following helps in circulation of blood ? (1) Arithrocytus (2) Blood platelets (3) Monocytes (4) Lymphocytes

Description : Which among the following helps in circulation of blood ? (1) Arithrocytus (2) Blood platelets (3) Monocytes (4) Lymphocytes

Last Answer : Lymphocytes

Antivenom injection contains preformed antibodies while polio drops that are administered into the body contain (a) gamma globulin (b) attenuated pathogens (c) activated pathogens (d) harvested antibodies

Description : Antivenom injection contains preformed antibodies while polio drops that are administered into the body contain (a) gamma globulin (b) attenuated pathogens (c) activated pathogens (d) harvested antibodies

Last Answer : (b) attenuated pathogens

Which organ is considered as "Graveyard of RBC" where most of them are destroyed by macrophages Which of the following organs can be called as a sort

Description : Which organ is considered as "Graveyard of RBC" where most of them are destroyed by macrophages Which of the following organs can be called as a sort

Last Answer : Which organ is considered as "Graveyard of RBC" where most of them are destroyed by macrophages Which of the ... A. Heart B. Liver C. Spleen D. Lungs

Person with blood group AB is considered as universal recipient because he has (a) both A and B antigens on RBC but no antibodies in the plasma (b) both A and B antibodies in the plasma (c) no antigen on RBC and no antibody in the plasma (d) both A and B antigens in the plasma but no antibodies.

Description : Person with blood group AB is considered as universal recipient because he has (a) both A and B antigens on RBC but no antibodies in the plasma (b) both A and B antibodies in the plasma (c) no antigen on RBC and no antibody in the plasma (d) both A and B antigens in the plasma but no antibodies.

Last Answer : (a) both A and B antigens on RBC but no antibodies in the plasma

7.Both B & T lymphocytes are produced in the bone marrow; however, only the T lymphocytes travel to the ______ and mature there. 1. Spleen 2. Thymus 3. Pituitary gland 4. Adrenal gland

Description : 7.Both B & T lymphocytes are produced in the bone marrow; however, only the T lymphocytes travel to the ______ and mature there. 1. Spleen 2. Thymus 3. Pituitary gland 4. Adrenal gland

Last Answer : Ans: Thymus

1. Both B & T lymphocytes are produced in the bone marrow; however, only the T lymphocytes travel to the ______ and mature there. a. Spleen b. Thymus c. Pituitary gland d. Adrenal gland

Description : 1. Both B & T lymphocytes are produced in the bone marrow; however, only the T lymphocytes travel to the ______ and mature there. a. Spleen b. Thymus c. Pituitary gland d. Adrenal gland

Last Answer : b. Thymus

MHC class II proteins are present on the surface of (A) All cells (B) B lymphocytes only (C) Macrophages only (D) Macrophages and B lymphocytes

Description : MHC class II proteins are present on the surface of (A) All cells (B) B lymphocytes only (C) Macrophages only (D) Macrophages and B lymphocytes

Last Answer : Answer : D

The initiation of a humoral immune response involves a complex interaction of the antigen, cells and intercellular messengers. Which of the following statement(s) concerning the initiation of the humoral immune response is/are correct? a. Helper T lymphocytes stimulate B lymphocytes through secretion of cytokines such as interleukin 4 and 6 b. A number of cells can aid in presenting the antigen to the helper T cell including B lymphocytes and macrophages c. All antigens require coordinated efforts of the various cellular components of the immune system d. An antigen must be a living microorganism

Description : The initiation of a humoral immune response involves a complex interaction of the antigen, cells and intercellular messengers. Which of the following statement(s) concerning the initiation of the ... various cellular components of the immune system d. An antigen must be a living microorganism

Last Answer : Answer: a, b Stimulation of the immune system occurs after a variety of antigen-presenting cells (B lymphocytes, macrophages, dendritic cells, and Langerhans cells) act to engulf ... polysaccharides), most antigens require coordinated efforts of the various cellular components of the immune system

Predominant cell types in typical chronic inflammation are all of the following EXCEPT: A A. Polymorphonuclear leukocytes B. Macrophages C. T helper lymphocytes D. NK cells

Description : Predominant cell types in typical chronic inflammation are all of the following EXCEPT: A A. Polymorphonuclear leukocytes B. Macrophages C. T helper lymphocytes D. NK cells

Last Answer : Polymorphonuclear leukocytes

Epithelioid cells within granulomas are derived from which of the following? B A. Plasma cells B. Macrophages C. Lymphocytes D. Neutrophils

Description : Epithelioid cells within granulomas are derived from which of the following? B A. Plasma cells B. Macrophages C. Lymphocytes D. Neutrophils

Last Answer : Macrophages

Reactive oxygen metabolites are produced by all the following EXCEPT: B A. Macrophages B. Lymphocytes C. Monocytes D. None of these

Description : Reactive oxygen metabolites are produced by all the following EXCEPT: B A. Macrophages B. Lymphocytes C. Monocytes D. None of these

Last Answer : Lymphocytes

Predominant cell types in typical chronic inflammatory reactions include all of the following EXCEPT: A A. Polymorphonuclear leukocytes B. Macrophages C. T helper lymphocytes D. None of these

Description : Predominant cell types in typical chronic inflammatory reactions include all of the following EXCEPT: A A. Polymorphonuclear leukocytes B. Macrophages C. T helper lymphocytes D. None of these

Last Answer : Polymorphonuclear leukocytes

Epithelioid cells within granulomas are derived from which of the following? B A. Plasma cells B. Macrophages C. Lymphocytes D. None of these

Description : Epithelioid cells within granulomas are derived from which of the following? B A. Plasma cells B. Macrophages C. Lymphocytes D. None of these

Last Answer : Macrophages

Early granulation tissue is BEST characterized by the presence of: C A. Plasma cells and macrophages B. T lymphocytes and eosinophils C. Capillary buds and fibroblasts D. None of these

Description : Early granulation tissue is BEST characterized by the presence of: C A. Plasma cells and macrophages B. T lymphocytes and eosinophils C. Capillary buds and fibroblasts D. None of these

Last Answer : Capillary buds and fibroblast

Which one of the following are cardinal features of granulation tissue? C A. Abundant collagen B. Proliferating macrophages and lymphocytes C. Proliferating capillaries and fibroblasts D. None of these

Description : Which one of the following are cardinal features of granulation tissue? C A. Abundant collagen B. Proliferating macrophages and lymphocytes C. Proliferating capillaries and fibroblasts D. None of these

Last Answer : Proliferating capillaries and fibroblasts

Which of the following is known as the graveyard of RBC? (1) Liver (2) Spleen (3) Brain (4) Heart

Description : Which of the following is known as the graveyard of RBC? (1) Liver (2) Spleen (3) Brain (4) Heart

Last Answer : (2) Spleen

Which of the following is known as the graveyard of RBC ? (1) Liver (2) Spleen (3) Brain (4) Heart

Description : Which of the following is known as the graveyard of RBC ? (1) Liver (2) Spleen (3) Brain (4) Heart

Last Answer : Spleen

Component of blood responsible for producing antibodies is (a) thrombocytes (b) monocytes (c) erythrocytes (d) lymphocytes

Description : Component of blood responsible for producing antibodies is (a) thrombocytes (b) monocytes (c) erythrocytes (d) lymphocytes

Last Answer : (d) lymphocytes.

State the function of a) RBC b) WBC c) Platelets

Description : State the function of a) RBC b) WBC c) Platelets

Last Answer : a) RBC: They supply oxygen to cells of the body and remove carbon di-oxide from the cells. b) WBC: They help in body defence. c) Platelets: They help in clotting of blood.

Which of the following statements is false regarding B cells? A- B cells can undergo class switching and produce a different antibody type B- B one marrow stem cells migrate to the thymus and develop into B cells C- B cells synthesize antibodies and put them on their cell surface D- B cells that recognize high concentrations of antigens (self) in the absence of other signals

Description : Which of the following statements is false regarding B cells? A- B cells can undergo class switching and produce a different antibody type B- B one marrow stem cells migrate to the thymus and ... D- B cells that recognize high concentrations of antigens (self) in the absence of other signals

Last Answer : B one marrow stem cells migrate to the thymus and develop into B cells

The formation of _____ by_____ directly lyses and kills pathogens. a. Membrane Attack Complexes, complement b. Inflammation, lymph nodes c. antibodies, plasma cells d. Plasma cells, B cells

Description : The formation of _____ by_____ directly lyses and kills pathogens. a. Membrane Attack Complexes, complement b. Inflammation, lymph nodes c. antibodies, plasma cells d. Plasma cells, B cells

Last Answer : a. Membrane Attack Complexes, complement

Which of the following statement(s) is/are true concerning ischemia reperfusion injury? a. During ischemia, ATP degradation results in increased plasma and intracellular levels of hypoxanthine and xanthene b. Oxygen free radicals such as the superoxide radical are involved in the expression of the proinflammatory phenotype of endothelial cells, macrophages and neutrophils c. The intracellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAN-1) contributes to injury and disruption of the endothelial lining, with extensive capillary leak and resultant interstitial edema d. Animal models have demonstrated that passive immunization with antibodies to neutrophil adhesive complex lessen the ischemic/reperfusion microvascular injury

Description : Which of the following statement(s) is/are true concerning ischemia reperfusion injury? a. During ischemia, ATP degradation results in increased plasma and intracellular levels of ... immunization with antibodies to neutrophil adhesive complex lessen the ischemic/reperfusion microvascular injury

Last Answer : Answer: a, b, c, d During the ischemia and hypoperfusion phase, degradation of ATP stores essential to maintain cell integrity and significant loss of diffusible ... either the neutrophil adhesive complex or the endothelial selectins dramatically lessens ischemia/reperfusion microvascular injury

In the body's immune system, _____ are the major producers of secreted antibodies. a. macrophages b. plasma cells c. T cells d. B cells

Description : In the body's immune system, _____ are the major producers of secreted antibodies. a. macrophages b. plasma cells c. T cells d. B cells

Last Answer : b. plasma cells

Which of the following statements is not true regarding Mycobacterium tuberculosis and/or the disease it causes? A.The pathogen contains mycolic acid in its cell wall B.The pathogen can live inside macrophages C.Antibodies to the pathogen are protective D.None of these

Description : Which of the following statements is not true regarding Mycobacterium tuberculosis and/or the disease it causes? A.The pathogen contains mycolic acid in its cell wall B.The pathogen can live inside macrophages C.Antibodies to the pathogen are protective D.None of these

Last Answer : C.Antibodies to the pathogen are protective

Which of the following statements is not true regarding Mycobacterium tuberculosis and/or the disease it causes? A.The pathogen contains mycolic acid in its cell wall B.The pathogen can live inside macrophages C.Antibodies to the pathogen are protective D.None of these

Description : Which of the following statements is not true regarding Mycobacterium tuberculosis and/or the disease it causes? A.The pathogen contains mycolic acid in its cell wall B.The pathogen can live inside macrophages C.Antibodies to the pathogen are protective D.None of these

Last Answer : C.Antibodies to the pathogen are protective

The largest mixed gland of human body is (1) Thymus (2) Liver (3) Pancreas (4) Spleen

Description : The largest mixed gland of human body is (1) Thymus (2) Liver (3) Pancreas (4) Spleen

Last Answer : (3) Pancreas Explanation: Pancreas is a mixed gland having both endocrine and exocrine functions. The exocrine portion secretes digestive enzymes into the duodenum via the pancreatic duct. The endocrine portion secretes two hormones, insulin and glucagon, into the blood.

The largest mixed gland of human body is : (1) Thymus (2) Liver (3) Pancreas (4) Spleen

Description : The largest mixed gland of human body is : (1) Thymus (2) Liver (3) Pancreas (4) Spleen

Last Answer : Pancreas

Assertion : Artificially acquired passive immunity results when antibodies or lymphocytes produced outside the host are introduced into a host. Reason

Description : Assertion : Artificially acquired passive immunity results when antibodies or lymphocytes produced outside the host are introduced into a host. Reason

Last Answer : Assertion : Artificially acquired passive immunity results when antibodies or lymphocytes produced outside ... both the assertion and reason are false

Monoclonal antibodies are prepared by cloning (A) Myeloma cells (B) Hybridoma cells (C) T-Lymphocytes (D) B-Lymphocytes

Description : Monoclonal antibodies are prepared by cloning (A) Myeloma cells (B) Hybridoma cells (C) T-Lymphocytes (D) B-Lymphocytes

Last Answer : Answer : B

Which one of the following cells produces antibodies? (1) Eosinophil (2) Monocyte (3) Basophil (4) Lymphocytes

Description : Which one of the following cells produces antibodies? (1) Eosinophil (2) Monocyte (3) Basophil (4) Lymphocytes

Last Answer : (4) Lymphocytes Explanation: Antibodies are secreted by a type of Lymphocytes (White Blood cell). Antibodies can occur in two physical forms, a soluble form that is secreted from the cell, and ... bacteria and viruses. The antibody recognizes a unique part of the foreign target, called an antigen.

Antibodies are produced by (a) leucocytes (b) monocytes (c) lymphocytes (d) spleen.

Description : Antibodies are produced by (a) leucocytes (b) monocytes (c) lymphocytes (d) spleen.

Last Answer : (c) lymphocytes

The function of lymphocytes is/are________ a. Production of heparin b. Production of antibodies c. Production of plasma d. Production of haemoglobin protein

Description : The function of lymphocytes is/are________ a. Production of heparin b. Production of antibodies c. Production of plasma d. Production of haemoglobin protein

Last Answer : b. Production of antibodies