Description : Answer: a, b, c, d Free oxygen radicals are chemical species that are intermediates in the normal process of cellular respiration. Oxidants that are free radicals have been implicated as initiators of ... a. C-reactive protein b. Serum amyloid c. a -Proteinase inhibitor d. Fibrinogen e. Albumin
Last Answer : Answer: a, b, c, d The acute-phase response is a series of homeostatic responses of the organism to tissue injury in infection and inflammation. After an inflammatory stimulus occurs, a number ... 30% to 50% of the level before injury. The reason for the decrease in production is poorly understood
Description : why is SER well developed in lipid - forming cells ? -Biology
Last Answer : answer:
Description : What are the three major components of glycerophospholipids, the main component of lipid bilayers that comprise cellular membranes?
Last Answer : Glycerol, a phosphate group, fatty acid chains
Description : In many types of cancer, proteins that are crucial regulators of the cell cycle are often mutated and cannot function correctly. This leads to the evasion of apoptosis and to the loss of control of cell ... protein named p53. What is the normal function of p53 that is lost when it is mutated?
Last Answer : Normally, p53 senses DNA damage and acts as a transcription factor for checkpoint control genes.
Description : The three-dimensional network of protein filaments within the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells is called the (A) Endoplasmic reticulum (B) Golgi apparatus (C) Cytoskeleton (D) None of these
Last Answer : (C) Cytoskeleton
Description : Metabolism is carried out by a large class of proteins that decrease the activation energy required for chemical reactions inside a cell. Therefore they only facilitate reactions that would naturally occur at a much slower rate. What is the name of these proteins that speed up biochemical reactions?
Last Answer : Enzymes
Description : Which of the following statements is TRUE of insulin? Is it: a) secreted by the pancreas b) a protein c) involved in the metabolism of glucose d) all of the above
Last Answer : ANSWER: D -- ALL OF THE ABOVE
Description : What is the main cell organelle involved in cell digestion ?
Last Answer : What are the properties of that organelle that enable it to the task? The organelles responsible for intracellular digestion are the lysosomes. Lysosomes are vesicles that contain digestive enzymes ... digested and then digestion takes place. Cell Digestion Review - Image Diversity: lysosomes
Description : Multiple checkpoints in the eukaryotic cell cycle ensure that division occurs only after sufficient growth and faithful DNA replication, and only when favorable conditions exist. Of the many proteins involved in ... CDKs) are among the most important. How do CDKs function to control the cell cycle?
Last Answer : CDKs phosphorylate various protein substrates that are required for cell cycle progression. Some of the important substrate proteins that CDKs phosphorylate include condensin proteins, which are essential ... which form a stabilizing network under the nuclear membrane that assembles during mitosis.
Description : What types of proteins are involved in the packaging and condensing of DNA into tightly wound nucleosome structures of a chromosome?
Last Answer : Histone
Description : These are involved in conversion of fats to carbohydrates by oxidation of fats. (A) Peroxisomes (B) Microsomes (C) Glyoxisomes (D) Phagosomes
Last Answer : (C) Glyoxisomes
Description : The building up and breaking down of protoplasm are concerned with the metabolism of (A) Carbohydrate (B) Lipid (C) Protein (D) Minerals
Last Answer : Answer : C
Description : 5 A nonvolatile, highly lipid soluble drug is metabolized at a rate of 15% per hour. On intravenous injection it produces general anaesthesia for 10 min. Which process is responsible for termination ... : A. Metabolism in liver B. Plasma protein binding C. Excretion by kidney D. Redistribution
Last Answer : D. Redistribution
Description : A nonvolatile, highly lipid soluble drug is metabolized at a rate of 15% per hour. On intravenous injection it produces general anaesthesia for 10 min. Which process is responsible for termination of ... : A. Metabolism in liver B. Plasma protein binding C. Excretion by kidney D. Redistribution
Description : Briefly, describe how GPCR and heterotrimeric G protein-mediated signaling occurs.
Last Answer : Binding of a signaling molecule (ligand) to GPCRs causes a conformation change in GPCR, leading to heterotrimeric G protein activation, where GTP physically replaces the GDP bound to the alpha ... some G proteins stimulate the activity of target proteins, whereas others G proteins are inhibitory.
Description : RNA is composed of strands of nucleotides that are read as a 3 nucleotide codon. These are distinguished by tRNAs that match the codons on one end and carry individual building blocks of a protein chain. What are these building blocks of protein that tRNAs bind?
Last Answer : Amino Acids
Description : RNA molecules can be broken up into three classes-which type of RNA molecule is translated into a protein sequence?
Last Answer : Messenger RNA (mRNA). mRNAs are the RNA transcripts that contain protein coding sequences which are translated into protein.
Description : In a eukaryotic cell, what separates DNA from the protein translation machinery in the cytoplasm?
Last Answer : The nuclear envelope.
Description : Which of the following structure-function pairs is mismatched? (A) Lysosome-intracellular digestion (B) Golgi body-secretion of cell products (C) Ribosome-protein synthesis (D) Glyoxysome-detoxification
Last Answer : (D) Glyoxysome-detoxification
Description : It is a mesh of interconnected membranes that serve a function involving protein synthesis and transport. (A) Endoplasmic reticulum B) Cytoskeleton (C) Golgi apparatus (D) Both A and B
Last Answer : (A) Endoplasmic reticulum
Description : The door to your house is like the __________________ of a cell membrane? (A) Phospholipid bilayer (B) Integral protein (C) Recognition protein (D) Peripheral protein
Last Answer : (B) Integral protein
Description : The microfilaments composed of (A) Actin protein (B) Gelatin protein (C) Keratin protein (D) Tubulin protein
Last Answer : (A) Actin protein
Description : Microtubules consist of helically stacked molecules of the protein (A) Actin (B) Myosin (C) Keratin (D) Tubulin
Last Answer : (D) Tubulin
Description : Do all eukaryotic cells have nucleus and only one nucleus ?
Last Answer : There are eukaryotic cells without nucleus and others with more than one nucleus. Osteoclasts, the cells responsible for resorption of the osseous matrix, for example, are multinucleate cells; ... cells. Cell Nucleus Review - Image Diversity: cell nucleus miltinucleate cells enucleated cells
Description : How are cells with delimited nucleus called ?
Last Answer : What are the main elements of the nucleus? Cells with delimited nucleus are called eukaryotic cells. Organisms composed of one or more eukaryotic cells are called eukaryotes. The mains elements of the ... the nucleolus, the karyolymph, or nucleoplasm, and the nuclear membrane (or karyotheca).
Description : What are some examples of secretory cells ?
Last Answer : Endocrine and exocrine pancreatic cells, thyroid and parathyroid endocrine cells, adenohypophysis, adrenal and pineal endocrine cells, the many types of gastric exocrine and endocrine cells, the mucous secretory cells ... of the ovaries and testicles, etc., are all examples of secretory cells.
Description : Which cell organelles are well-developed in secretory cells ?
Last Answer : In secretory cells, like the secretory cells of endocrine glands, organelles related to production, processing and exportation of substances are widely present and well-developed. These ... protein synthesis between the cytoplasm and the nucleus. Rough endoplasmic reticulum Golgi apparatus
Description : What are some examples of movement created by the contraction of sarcomeres of the muscle cells ?
Last Answer : The handling of a cup of coffee, the peristaltic movements of the bowels, the cardiac beats and even a smile are examples of movement created by contraction of the sarcomeres of the muscle cells. This contraction is a type of cell movement.
Description : What is deplasmolysis of plant cells ?
Last Answer : The plant cell when placed under hypertonic medium loses a great amount of water and its cell membrane detaches from the cell wall. In that situation the cell is called plasmolysed cell. When ... medium it absorbs water and becomes a turgid cell. This phenomenon is called deplasmolysis.
Description : What are the values of DPD for plant cells under hypertonic ?
Last Answer : isotonic and hypotonic media? In plant cells under hypertonic medium there is loss of water for the exterior, SF > 0 (the vacuolar pressure is high because it is concentrated) and TP = 0 (there ... (since the osmotic pressure is totally compensated by the distension of the cell wall) and DPD =
Description : What is the wall resistance of plant cells ?
Last Answer : Does this resistance facilitate or make it difficult the entrance of water in the cell? Wall resistance, or turgor pressure (TP), is the pressure made by the distension of the plant cell wall in ... it acts forcing the exiting of water and compensating the entrance of the solvent by osmosis.
Description : Why can mitochondria be considered the power plants of the aerobic cells ?
Last Answer : Mitochondria are the power plants of aerobic cells because within them the final stages of the cellular respiration process occurs. Cellular respiration is the process of using organic molecule (mainly ... of the cellular respiration take place: the Krebs cycle and the respiratory chain.
Description : Which are the cell organelles that participate in the cell division and in the formation of cillia and flagella of some eukaryotic cells ?
Last Answer : The organelles that participate in the cell division and in the formation of cilia and flagella of some eukaryotic cells are the centrioles. Some cells have cillia (paramecium, the bronchial ciliated ... are very important for cell division. Cell Structure Review - Image Diversity: centrioles
Description : What are the main cytoplasmic structures present in animal cells ?
Last Answer : The main cytoplasmic structures of the cell are the centrioles, the cytoskeleton, lysosomes, mitochondria, peroxisomes, the Golgi apparatus, the endoplasmic reticula and ribosomes. Cell Structure Review - Image Diversity: cell organelles
Description : Concerning the presence of nucleus what is the difference between animal and bacterial cells ?
Last Answer : Animal cells (cells of living beings of the kingdom Animalia) have an interior membrane that delimits a cell nucleus and thus they are eukaryotic cells; in these cells the genetic material is located ... so they are prokaryotic cells and their genetic material is found dispersed in the cytosol.
Description : Do membranes form only the outer wrapping of cells ?
Last Answer : Lipid membranes do not form only the outer cover of cells. Cell organelles, such as the Golgi complex, mitochondria, chloroplasts, lysosomes, the endoplasmic reticula and the nucleus, are delimited by membranes too. Cell Structure Review - Image Diversity: cell nucleus
Description : Do bacteria cells have nucleus ?
Last Answer : In bacteria the genetic material is dispersed in the cytosol and there is no internal membrane that delimits a nucleus.
Description : What are the two big groups into which cells are classified ?
Last Answer : Cells can be classified as eukaryotic or prokaryotic. Prokaryotic cell is that without a delimited nucleus. Eukaryotic cells are those with nucleus delimited by membrane. Cell Structure Review - Image Diversity: eukaryotic cell prokaryotic cell
Description : Are plasma membranes the outer boundaries of all cells?
Last Answer : No, in many cells the plasma membrane is encased within an extraneous coat of nonliving material that usually confers some rigidity on the cell it surrounds. Although not affecting permeability, this ... of this structure is not completely clear. In Euglena, it consists of flexible protein strips.
Description : Will growth factors can stimulate cells to divide?
Last Answer : Cyclin-Cdk complexes provide internal control for cell cycle decisions. Cells in multicellular organisms must divide only when appropriate. They must respond to external signals, controls called growth factors. ... either make their own growth factors Or no longer require them to start cycling.
Description : Tissues are constructed from many distinct cell types that perform different functions in response to signals from each other and the extracellular matrix. During tissue development and tissue regeneration, ... that stem cells undergo when they are required to generate a particular type of cell?
Last Answer : Asymmetric cell division. After asymmetric division, each of the two resulting daughter cells has a unique life course. For example, one daughter cell may differentiate into a specific cell type ( ... cell), whereas the other daughter cell may remain a stem cell with unlimited proliferative ability.
Description : What is the name of the physical process that finally splits the parent cell into two identical daughter cells?
Last Answer : Cytokinesis. Also more commonly known as cell division
Description : During mitosis, the eukaryotic cell nucleus splits in two, followed by division of the parent cell into two daughter cells. Mitosis progresses through five separate morphologically distinct phases. Name, in order, these five phases of mitosis.
Last Answer : Prophase, prometaphase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase.
Description : What common cell types are regulated by ion channels and are commonly referred to as excitable cells?
Last Answer : neurons, muscle cells, sensory receptor cells
Description : Eukaryotic cells have extensive intracellular membranes, termed the endomembrane system, which divide the cell into structurally and functionally distinct compartments, or organelles. These include the inner cell ... . Name a cellular component whose membrane is not part of the endomembrane system.
Last Answer : Mitochondria; also chloroplasts
Description : Cytoskeletal elements are responsible for giving cells their shape and provide a basis for cell movement, migration, and cell division. Name the three major classes of cytoskeletal elements in eukaryotic cells.
Last Answer : Microtubules (composed of tubulin); actin filaments (made up of actin); intermediate filaments
Description : Cells must constantly manage metabolic pathways, and this is often done by balancing specific biochemical reactions within a pathway. For example, the metabolic product of one pathway may block the formation ... the pathway to prevent a buildup of that specific product. What is this process called?
Last Answer : Feedback inhibition
Description : Instead of using energy from oxidative reactions immediately, cells store some of this energy for later use. Name two of these small, energy-rich molecules used to store energy.
Last Answer : ATP and NADH