Causes for launching Khilafat movement in India are: 1.The First World War ended with the defeat of Ottoman Turkey. 2.There were rumours that a harsh peace treaty was going to be imposed on the Ottoman emperor—the spiritual head of the Islamic world—the Khalifa. 3.To defend the Khalifa’s temporal powers, a Khilafat Committee was formed in Bombay in March 1919. 4.A young generation of Muslim leaders like the Ali brothers, Muhammad Ali and Shaukat Ali, began discussing with Mahatma Gandhi about the possibility of a united mass action on the issue. 5.Gandhij i saw this as .an opportunity to bring Muslims under the umbrella of a unified movement called ‘Khilafat and Non-cooperation Movement’.