Paul Bernard was an influential writer and policy maker who suggested a model to develop the French colonies. (i) Believer of development of colonies : He strongly believed that economic development of the colony was the only method which could help in serving the interests of the mother country. (ii) Economic circle : He argued that the purpose of acquiring colonies was to make profits. If the economy was developed and people had high per capital income, this would increase their purchasing power, and they would buy more goods. The market would consequently expand, leading to better profits for the French business. According to Bernard there were following barriers : (i) High Population levels. (ii) Low agricultural productivity. (iii) Extensive indebtedness amongst the peasants.