Craig Venter‘s sampling of ocean microorganisms is an example of a. Microarrays. b. Horizontal Gene Transfer. c. Microbial Forensics. d. Metagenomics.

Craig Venter‘s sampling of ocean microorganisms is an example of
a. Microarrays.
b. Horizontal Gene Transfer.
c. Microbial Forensics.
d. Metagenomics.
by

1 Answer

Answer :

d. Metagenomics.
by

Related questions

A new field of _________ has arisen from sequencing, analyzing and comparing microbial genomes. a. PCR b. DNA probes c. microbial genomics d. microarrays

Description : A new field of _________ has arisen from sequencing, analyzing and comparing microbial genomes. a. PCR b. DNA probes c. microbial genomics d. microarrays

Last Answer : c. microbial genomics

Which of the following is NOT a type of horizontal gene transfer between bacterial cells? a. transformation b. conjugation c. transduction d. translation

Description : Which of the following is NOT a type of horizontal gene transfer between bacterial cells? a. transformation b. conjugation c. transduction d. translation

Last Answer : d. translation

The transfer of DNA from a donor cell to a recipient cells is called a. horizontal gene transfer b. vertical gene transfer c. lateral gene transfer d. medial gene transfer

Description : The transfer of DNA from a donor cell to a recipient cells is called a. horizontal gene transfer b. vertical gene transfer c. lateral gene transfer d. medial gene transfer

Last Answer : a. horizontal gene transfer

The first line of host defense is the barrier presented to the external environment. Which of the following statement(s) is/are true concerning host barriers? a. Sebaceous glands secrete chemical compounds that maintain a relatively high pH, providing effective bacterial stasis b. Within the respiratory tract, ciliary function serves to extrude microorganisms trapped within the mucus secretion layer c. The low pH within the stomach markedly decreases bacterial content of the upper gastrointestinal tract d. Gut peristalsis serves to prevent microbial adherence and invasion

Description : The first line of host defense is the barrier presented to the external environment. Which of the following statement(s) is/are true concerning host barriers? a. Sebaceous glands secrete ... of the upper gastrointestinal tract d. Gut peristalsis serves to prevent microbial adherence and invasion

Last Answer : Answer: b, c, d The skin, mucus membranes, and epithelial layers of various organs of the body constitute effective physical barriers against microbial invasion. In certain portions of the ... very low pH within the stomach and gut peristalsis both serve to prevent microbial adherence and invasion

Under certain circumstances, the gut may become a source of sepsis and serve as the motor of systemic inflammatory response syndrome. Microbial translocation is the process by which microorganisms migrate across the mucosal barrier to invade the host. Which of the following mechanisms can promote bacterial translocation? a. An increased number of gut bacteria b. Altered intestinal mucosal permeability c. Decreased host defense mechanisms d. Lack of enteral feeding

Description : Under certain circumstances, the gut may become a source of sepsis and serve as the motor of systemic inflammatory response syndrome. Microbial translocation is the process by which microorganisms ... intestinal mucosal permeability c. Decreased host defense mechanisms d. Lack of enteral feeding

Last Answer : Answer: a, b, c, d 99 Translocation is promoted in three general ways: 1) altered permeability of the intestinal mucosa as caused by shock, sepsis, distant injury, or cell toxins; 2) ... trauma patient d. Fifty percent of non-nitrogen caloric requirements should be provided in the form of fat

Why is microbial control necessary and what are some of the factors that go into the choice of a particular antimicrobial agent?

Description : Why is microbial control necessary and what are some of the factors that go into the choice of a particular antimicrobial agent?

Last Answer : The control of microorganisms is an important way of preventing pathogens from reaching the body.Sterilizing laboratory equipment, hospital supplies, and industrial apparatus helps contain contamination.The choice of a ... , the acidity or alkalinity of the area, and the presence of organic matter. 

One indirect way to determine microbial growth is using a _____. a. UV light b. Spectrophotometer c. Light meter d. Radioactive counter

Description : One indirect way to determine microbial growth is using a _____. a. UV light b. Spectrophotometer c. Light meter d. Radioactive counter

Last Answer : b. Spectrophotometer

______ form the bulk of microbial products of industrial interest. a. primary metabolites b. secondary metabolites c. tertiary metabolites d. quaternary metabolites

Description : ______ form the bulk of microbial products of industrial interest. a. primary metabolites b. secondary metabolites c. tertiary metabolites d. quaternary metabolites

Last Answer : b. secondary metabolites

Some scientists‘ estimate that in nature, _____ of all microbial activities occur in biofilms.a. 0.25 b. 0.33 c. 0.45 d. 0.6 e. 0.99

Description : Some scientists‘ estimate that in nature, _____ of all microbial activities occur in biofilms. a. 0.25 b. 0.33 c. 0.45 d. 0.6 e. 0.99

Last Answer : e. 0.99

________ bind to_________ on microbial invaders. a. Toll-like receptors; PAM Ps b. Mast cells; histamine c. Toll-like receptors; complement d. Macrophages; defensins

Description : ________ bind to_________ on microbial invaders. a. Toll-like receptors; PAM Ps b. Mast cells; histamine c. Toll-like receptors; complement d. Macrophages; defensins

Last Answer : a. Toll-like receptors; PAM Ps

________ occurs if a microbial member of the normal microbiota should gain access to sterile tissue. a. Pathogenicity Islands b. Exogenous Infection c. Endogenous Infection d. Polymicrobial Disease

Description : ________ occurs if a microbial member of the normal microbiota should gain access to sterile tissue. a. Pathogenicity Islands b. Exogenous Infection c. Endogenous Infection d. Polymicrobial Disease

Last Answer : c. Endogenous Infection

What is the thermal death time? a. The Time Necessary To Kill Bacteria At A Specific Temperature b. The Temperature Necessary To Kill Microbes In A Specific Time c. The Average Amount Of Time To Kill Microbial Cells d. It Is The Same As The Thermal Death Point

Description : What is the thermal death time? a. The Time Necessary To Kill Bacteria At A Specific Temperature b. The Temperature Necessary To Kill Microbes In A Specific Time c. The Average Amount Of Time To Kill Microbial Cells d. It Is The Same As The Thermal Death Point

Last Answer : a. The Time Necessary To Kill Bacteria At A Specific Temperature

Preservation methods such as salting result in the microbial cells. a. Loss Of Salt From b. Gain Of Water Into c. Loss Of Water From d. Lysis Of

Description : Preservation methods such as salting result in the microbial cells. a. Loss Of Salt From b. Gain Of Water Into c. Loss Of Water From d. Lysis Of

Last Answer : c. Loss Of Water From

The thermal death time is a. The Time To Kill A Microbial Population At A Given Temperature. b. The Time To Kill A Microbial Population In Boiling Water. c. The Temperature To Kill All Pathogens. d. The Minimal Temperature Need To Kill A Microbial Population.

Description : The thermal death time is a. The Time To Kill A Microbial Population At A Given Temperature. b. The Time To Kill A Microbial Population In Boiling Water. c. The Temperature To Kill All Pathogens. d. The Minimal Temperature Need To Kill A Microbial Population.

Last Answer : a. The Time To Kill A Microbial Population At A Given Temperature.

All the following terms apply to microbial killing except: a. Sterilization. b. Microbicidal. c. Bactericidal. d. Fungistatic.

Description : All the following terms apply to microbial killing except: a. Sterilization. b. Microbicidal. c. Bactericidal. d. Fungistatic.

Last Answer : d. Fungistatic

Which one of the following macromolecules would NOT normally be used for microbial energy metabolism. a. DNA b. Proteins c. Carbohydrates d. Fats

Description : Which one of the following macromolecules would NOT normally be used for microbial energy metabolism. a. DNA b. Proteins c. Carbohydrates d. Fats

Last Answer : b. Proteins

Which of the following disease is not caused by microbial protein toxin? A.Botulism B.Diphtheria C.Shigella dysentery D.Tuberculosis

Description : Which of the following disease is not caused by microbial protein toxin? A.Botulism B.Diphtheria C.Shigella dysentery D.Tuberculosis

Last Answer : D.Tuberculosis

The microbial ecosystem of soil includes A.biotic components of soil B.abiotic components of soil C.biotic and abiotic components of soil D.none of the above

Description : The microbial ecosystem of soil includes A.biotic components of soil B.abiotic components of soil C.biotic and abiotic components of soil D.none of the above

Last Answer : C.biotic and abiotic components of soil

The microbial ecosystem of soil includes A.biotic components of soil B.abiotic components of soil C.biotic and abiotic components of soil D.none of the above

Description : The microbial ecosystem of soil includes A.biotic components of soil B.abiotic components of soil C.biotic and abiotic components of soil D.none of the above

Last Answer : C.biotic and abiotic components of soil

Microbial rennet, which is used in cheese manufacture is produced by A- .Mucorspp B- Aspergillusspp C- Bacillus spp D- Saccharomyces spp

Description : Microbial rennet, which is used in cheese manufacture is produced by A- .Mucorspp B- Aspergillusspp C- Bacillus spp D- Saccharomyces spp

Last Answer : Aspergillusspp

The flow of genetic material in microbial cells usually takes place from A- RNA through DNA to proteins B- proteins through RNA to DNA C- .DNA through RNA to proteins D- none of these

Description : The flow of genetic material in microbial cells usually takes place from A- RNA through DNA to proteins B- proteins through RNA to DNA C- .DNA through RNA to proteins D- none of these

Last Answer : .DNA through RNA to proteins

Which group of microbial agents is eukaryotic? a. Bacteria b. Viruses c. Archaea d. Algae

Description : Which group of microbial agents is eukaryotic? a. Bacteria b. Viruses c. Archaea d. Algae

Last Answer : d. Algae

What microbiological field was established by Winogradsky and Beijerinck? a. Virology b. Microbial ecology c. Bacteriology d. Mycology

Description : What microbiological field was established by Winogradsky and Beijerinck? a. Virology b. Microbial ecology c. Bacteriology d. Mycology

Last Answer : b. Microbial ecology

What group of microbial agent was identified from the work of Ivanowsky a Beijerinck? a. Viruses b. Fungi c. Protozoa d. Bacteria

Description : What group of microbial agent was identified from the work of Ivanowsky a Beijerinck? a. Viruses b. Fungi c. Protozoa d. Bacteria

Last Answer : a. Viruses

n the time since E. coli and Salmonella diverged evolutionarily A.there has been little change in either genome B.E. coli has acquired many genes via horizontal transfer C.E, coli has lost approximately 50% of its genome D.none of these

Description : n the time since E. coli and Salmonella diverged evolutionarily A.there has been little change in either genome B.E. coli has acquired many genes via horizontal transfer C.E, coli has lost approximately 50% of its genome D.none of these

Last Answer : C.E, coli has lost approximately 50% of its genome

In the time since E. coli and Salmonella diverged evolutionarily A.there has been little change in either genome B.E. coli has acquired many genes via horizontal transfer C.E, coli has lost approximately 50% of its genome D.none of these

Description : In the time since E. coli and Salmonella diverged evolutionarily A.there has been little change in either genome B.E. coli has acquired many genes via horizontal transfer C.E, coli has lost approximately 50% of its genome D.none of these

Last Answer : C.E, coli has lost approximately 50% of its genome

In the time since E. coli and Salmonella diverged evolutionarily A- there has been little change in either genome B- E. coli has acquired many genes via horizontal transfer C- E, coli has lost approximately 50% of its genome D- none of these

Description : In the time since E. coli and Salmonella diverged evolutionarily A- there has been little change in either genome B- E. coli has acquired many genes via horizontal transfer C- E, coli has lost approximately 50% of its genome D- none of these

Last Answer : E, coli has lost approximately 50% of its genome

Which microorganisms are involved in the pickling process in food production?

Description : Which microorganisms are involved in the pickling process in food production?

Last Answer : In the pickling process, microorganisms grow and ferment the food in a salty environment while producing large amounts of acid from available carbohydrates. Species of Leuconostoc and Lactobacillus are ... . Different spices are added to prepare various forms of sauerkraut and pickled cucumbers. 

How do microorganisms influence the carbon cycle on Earth?

Description : How do microorganisms influence the carbon cycle on Earth?

Last Answer : Most of the organic matter present in soil originates in plant material from leaves, rotting trees, decaying roots, and other tissues. In the carbon cycle, soil bacteria and fungi recycle ... suffer an irreversible decline as the nutrients essential for life became tied up in complex molecules. 

Are there any unique ways that humans derive benefits from microorganisms?

Description : Are there any unique ways that humans derive benefits from microorganisms?

Last Answer : Humans derive substantial benefits from the activities of microorganisms. For example, many microbial species live in and on various parts of the body and prevent pathogenic bacteria from gaining a ... and used to produce vitamins, enzymes, organic acids, and other essential growth factors.

When the Exxon Valdez oil spill occurred, technologists "fertilized" the oil-soaked water with _____ to modify the environment and stimulate he growth of naturally occurring microorganisms. a. nitrogen sources (e.g., urea) b. phosphorus compounds c. other mineral nutrients d. A-C above are correct

Description : When the Exxon Valdez oil spill occurred, technologists "fertilized" the oil-soaked water with _____ to modify the environment and stimulate he growth of naturally occurring microorganisms. a. nitrogen sources (e.g., urea) b. phosphorus compounds c. other mineral nutrients d. A-C above are correct

Last Answer : d. A-C above are correct

Food must be moist, with a minimum water content of _____before contamination by microorganisms and spoilage can occur. a. 18% to 20% b. 10 to 15% c. 5 to 10% d. 0 to 5%

Description : Food must be moist, with a minimum water content of _____before contamination by microorganisms and spoilage can occur. a. 18% to 20% b. 10 to 15% c. 5 to 10% d. 0 to 5%

Last Answer : a. 18% to 20%

Spoiled food can be caused from _____. a. enterotoxins in food b. contaminating microorganisms from the air c. human food handling d. A-C are correct

Description : Spoiled food can be caused from _____. a. enterotoxins in food b. contaminating microorganisms from the air c. human food handling d. A-C are correct

Last Answer : d. A-C are correct

____ is examples of drugs that are derived from the metabolism of microorganisms. a. Salvarsan b. Prontosil c. Penicillin d. A-C are correct

Description : ____ is examples of drugs that are derived from the metabolism of microorganisms. a. Salvarsan b. Prontosil c. Penicillin d. A-C are correct

Last Answer : c. Penicillin

All the following characteristics apply to fungi except: a. There may be 1.5 million species. b. They lack chlorophyll. c. They include molds and yeasts. d. They are prokaryotic microorganisms.

Description : All the following characteristics apply to fungi except: a. There may be 1.5 million species. b. They lack chlorophyll. c. They include molds and yeasts. d. They are prokaryotic microorganisms.

Last Answer : d. They are prokaryotic microorganisms.

What part of the GI tract contains the largest population of microorganisms (micro biota)? a. Colon b. Jejunum c. Duodenum d. Stomach

Description : What part of the GI tract contains the largest population of microorganisms (micro biota)? a. Colon b. Jejunum c. Duodenum d. Stomach

Last Answer : a. Colon

Microorganisms that use organic compounds as energy and carbon sources are a. Chemoheterotrophs. b. Chemoautotrophs. c. Photoautotrophs. d. Photoheterotrophs.

Description : Microorganisms that use organic compounds as energy and carbon sources are a. Chemoheterotrophs. b. Chemoautotrophs. c. Photoautotrophs. d. Photoheterotrophs.

Last Answer : c. Photoautotrophs.

When acetate is the sole source of carbon for some microorganisms, the cycle which is used, is called A.pentose phosphate pathway B.glycolyic pathway C.glyoxylate pathway D.oxaloacetate pathway

Description : When acetate is the sole source of carbon for some microorganisms, the cycle  which is used, is called A.pentose phosphate pathway B.glycolyic pathway C.glyoxylate pathway D.oxaloacetate pathway

Last Answer : C.glyoxylate pathway

Complete destruction of the microorganisms is commonly known as A- disinfection B- sterilizationC- antisepsis D- none of these

Description : Complete destruction of the microorganisms is commonly known as A- disinfection B- sterilization C- antisepsis D- none of these

Last Answer : antisepsis

The medium which allows the growth of more than one microorganisms of interest but with morphologically distinguishable colonies is known as A- selective medium B- enrichment medium C- differential medium D- none of these

Description : The medium which allows the growth of more than one microorganisms of interest but with morphologically distinguishable colonies is known as A- selective medium B- enrichment medium C- differential medium D- none of these

Last Answer : differential medium

Which of the following microorganisms is classified as a member of archaebacteria? A- Gyanobacteria B- Methanobacteria C-Trichomonads D- Mycoplasma

Description : Which of the following microorganisms is classified as a member of archaebacteria? A- Gyanobacteria B- Methanobacteria C-Trichomonads D- Mycoplasma

Last Answer : Methanobacteria

Microbiology includes which of the following groups of microorganisms? a. bacteria b. fungi c. algae d. protozoa e. all the above

Description : Microbiology includes which of the following groups of microorganisms? a. bacteria b. fungi c. algae d. protozoa e. all the above

Last Answer : e. all the above

First person to describe microorganisms A Carolus Linnaeus B Robert Hooke C Francesco Redi D Antony van Leeuwenhoek

Description : First person to describe microorganisms A Carolus Linnaeus B Robert Hooke C Francesco Redi D Antony van Leeuwenhoek

Last Answer : B Robert Hooke

Antibiotic resistance horizontal gene transfer -Biology

Description : Antibiotic resistance horizontal gene transfer -Biology

Last Answer : answer:

Transfer of genes (gene flow) in between different species is known as (a) Vertical gene flow (b) Horizontal gene flow (c) Lateral gene flow (d) Side gene flow

Description : Transfer of genes (gene flow) in between different species is known as (a) Vertical gene flow (b) Horizontal gene flow (c) Lateral gene flow (d) Side gene flow

Last Answer : (b) Horizontal gene flow

A microarray can be used to _____. a. identify if a patient has been infected by a pathogen b. produce human insulin c. insert a viral gene into a plant to prevent viral infection d. A-C are correct

Description : A microarray can be used to _____. a. identify if a patient has been infected by a pathogen b. produce human insulin c. insert a viral gene into a plant to prevent viral infection d. A-C are correct

Last Answer : a. identify if a patient has been infected by a pathogen

Competence refers to a bacterial cell's ability to a. Take Up DNA Fragments From The Environment. b. Be Infected By A Transducing Phage. c. Produce A Protein Product From An Engineered Gene. d. Undergo Conjugation With An F+ Cell.

Description : Competence refers to a bacterial cell's ability to a. Take Up DNA Fragments From The Environment. b. Be Infected By A Transducing Phage. c. Produce A Protein Product From An Engineered Gene. d. Undergo Conjugation With An F+ Cell.

Last Answer : a. Take Up DNA Fragments From The Environment.

A transgenic organism is one that _____. a. Has Donated A DNA Fragment To Another Organism. b. Contains A Gene From Another Organism. c. Contains Useless "Genetic Debris." d. Has Exchanged Gene Loci Within The Organism.

Description : A transgenic organism is one that _____. a. Has Donated A DNA Fragment To Another Organism. b. Contains A Gene From Another Organism. c. Contains Useless "Genetic Debris." d. Has Exchanged Gene Loci Within The Organism.

Last Answer : b. Contains A Gene From Another Organism.

Genomic islands are a. Gene Sequences Not Part Of The Chromosomal Genes. b. Adjacent Gene Sequences Unique To One Or A Few Strains In A Species. c. Acquired By HGT. d. Both B And C Are Correct.

Description : Genomic islands are a. Gene Sequences Not Part Of The Chromosomal Genes. b. Adjacent Gene Sequences Unique To One Or A Few Strains In A Species. c. Acquired By HGT. d. Both B And C Are Correct.

Last Answer : d. Both B And C Are Correct.

Which one of the following statements is true? a. Plasmids are circular molecules of RNA. b. RNA replicates by a conservative method of replication. c. Deletions or insertions of a nucleotide in a gene will cause a reading frameshift during translation. d. Okazaki fragments are removed from a RNA before translation occurs.

Description : Which one of the following statements is true? a. Plasmids are circular molecules of RNA. b. RNA replicates by a conservative method of replication. c. Deletions or insertions of a ... reading frameshift during translation. d. Okazaki fragments are removed from a RNA before translation occurs.

Last Answer : c. Deletions or insertions of a nucleotide in a gene will cause a reading frameshift during translation.