Description : The digestive system, also known as systema digestorium , or gastrointestinal system, is composed of the digestive tube organs plus the digestive adnexal glands. The digestive tube is composed of mouth ... (caecum, colon, rectum) and anus. Digestion System - Image Diversity: human digestive system
Last Answer : What are peristaltic movements? What is their role in human digestion?
Description : A newborn a. Contains indigenous micro biota before birth. b. Remains sterile for many weeks after birth, c. Becomes colonized soon after conception. d. Is colonized with many common micro biotas within a few days after birth.
Last Answer : a. Contains indigenous micro biota before birth.
Description : Iron is absorbed from (A) Stomach (B) Duodenum and jejunum (C) Ileum (D) Noen of the above
Last Answer : Answer : B
Description : Gastric pits are found in the mucosa of which digestive organ? A. stomach B. duodenum C. jejunum D. ileum
Last Answer : A. stomach
Description : Crohn's disease is a condition of malabsorption caused by a) inflammation of all layers of intestinal mucosa. Crohn's disease is also known as regional enteritis and can occur ... to lactose intolerance. d) gastric resection. Postoperative malabsorption occurs after gastric or intestinal resection.
Last Answer : a) inflammation of all layers of intestinal mucosa. Crohn’s disease is also known as regional enteritis and can occur anywhere along the GI tract, but most commonly at the distal ileum and in the colon.
Description : One of the most excessive diarrheas of the GI tract is associated with which of the following poisonings or diseases? a. Staphylococcal food poisoning b. Typhoid fever c. Cholera d. Campylobacteriosis
Last Answer : c. Cholera
Description : Which one of the following is NOT a digestive organ of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract? a. Large intestine b. Oral cavity c. Liver d. Small intestine
Last Answer : c. Liver
Description : What part of the body consists of the duodenum, the jejunum and the ileum?
Last Answer : Small intestine
Description : Iron is mainly absorbed from (A) Stomach and duodenum (B) Ileum (C) Caecum (D) Colon
Last Answer : Answer : A
Description : The first line of host defense is the barrier presented to the external environment. Which of the following statement(s) is/are true concerning host barriers? a. Sebaceous glands secrete ... of the upper gastrointestinal tract d. Gut peristalsis serves to prevent microbial adherence and invasion
Last Answer : Answer: b, c, d The skin, mucus membranes, and epithelial layers of various organs of the body constitute effective physical barriers against microbial invasion. In certain portions of the ... very low pH within the stomach and gut peristalsis both serve to prevent microbial adherence and invasion
Description : Where do certain symbiotic microorganisms normally occur in human body? (a) Caecum (b) Oral lining and tongue surface (c) Vermiform appendix and rectum (d) Duodenum
Last Answer : (a) Caecum
Description : Of the following bariatric surgical procedures, which is the best procedure for long-term weight loss? a) Roux-en-Y The Roux-en-Y gastric bypass is the recommended procedure ... This procedure, which resulted in significant complications, has been largely replaced by gastric restriction procedures
Last Answer : a) Roux-en-Y The Roux-en-Y gastric bypass is the recommended procedure for longterm weight loss. In this procedure, a horizontal row of staples creates a stomach pouch with a 1-cm stoma that is anastomosed with a portion of distal jejunum, creating a gastroenterostomy.
Description : Where does chemical digestion of carbohydrates begin in the GI tract?
Last Answer : mouth
Description : Target tissue of insulin is (A) Red blood cells (B) Renal tubular cells (C) GI tract epithelial cells (D) Liver
Last Answer : Answer : D
Description : Which of the following statement(s) is/are true concerning the effects of MOFS? a. Pulmonary dysfunction tends to arise early and may resolve within 7 to 10 days b. Unless the precipitating ... infection, most commonly pulmonary, is a common complication providing a second hit to the patient
Last Answer : Answer: a, b, d Pulmonary dysfunction typically arises early in the development of systemic inflammation and may represent mild relatively localized acute lung injury or it may be a prelude ... is marked by progressive rise in serum bilirubin levels after a latent period of several days
Description : Although TPN has major beneficial effects to the patient and specific organ systems, TPN has a downside which is related to intestinal disuse. Which of the following statement(s) is/are true concerning the ... from the gut is increased d. Effects of TPN on the gut may lead to multiple organ failure
Last Answer : Answer: a, b, c, d A number of studies have examined the effects of TPN on intestinal function and immunity. Although most of these studies have been done in animal models, ... the release of bacteria and/or cytokines leading to pronounced systemic responses and possibly multiple organ failure
Description : Answer: e The role of nutritional support in the cancer patient remains an important component of overall therapy. Preoperative nutritional support should be given only to those patients who ... of bowel rest; this atrophy is not reversed by currently available total parenteral nutrition solutions
Last Answer : Which of the following hormones can be expected to be released as part of the stress response? a. Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) b. Aldosterone c. Insulin d. Epinephrine nswer: a, b, d ... This hormone has the exact opposite effect of insulin, which promotes glucose storage and uptake by the cells
Description : 12. What is characteristic of the oral route? a) Fast onset of effect b) Absorption depends on GI tract secretion and motor function c) A drug reaches the blood passing the liver d) The sterilization of medicinal forms is obligatory
Last Answer : b) Absorption depends on GI tract secretion and motor function
Description : 04. The main mechanism of most drugs absorption in GI tract is: a) Active transport (carrier-mediated diffusion) b) Filtration (aqueous diffusion) c) Endocytosis and exocytosis d) Passive diffusion (lipid diffusion)
Last Answer : PHARMACOKINETICS
Description : Which one of the following is NOT part of the urinary tract? a. Urethra b. Bladder c. Kidneys d. Ureters
Last Answer : c. Kidneys
Description : More than 90% of bile salts are reabsorbed in (a) Duodenum (b) Ileum (c) Colon (d) None
Last Answer : (b) Ileum
Description : In gut of rabbit taeinae & hustra are the parts of (a) Ileum (b) Duodenum (c) Colon (d) All
Last Answer : (c) Colon
Description : In man the zymogen or chief cells are mainly found in (a) cardiac part of stomach (b) pyloric part of stomach (c) duodenum (d) fundic part of stomach.
Last Answer : (d) fundic part of stomach.
Description : Which part of body secretes the hormone secretin? (a) Stomach (b) Oesophagus (c) Ileum (d) Duodenum
Last Answer : (d) Duodenum
Description : Pylcrus, a constricted part of alimentary canal is situated between (a) Oesophagus and stomach (b) Stomach and duodenum (c) Duodenum and ileum (d) Ileum and rectum
Last Answer : (b) Stomach and duodenum
Description : Which of the digestive organs contains acid? (1) Stomach (2) Small intestine (3) Appendix (4) Colon
Last Answer : (2) Small intestine Explanation: Gastric acid, gastric juice or stomach acid, is a digestive fluid, formed in the stomach. It is composed of hydrochloric acid (HCl), potassium chloride (KCl) ... (NaCl). Gastric acid plays a key role in digestion of proteins, by activating digestive enzymes.
Description : Which one of the following acts as a physiological barrier to the entry of microorganisms in human body? a) Epithelium of Urogenital tract b) Tears c) Monocytes d) Skin
Last Answer : b) Tears
Description : The stomach is a chemical barrier to infection because the stomach a. Contains bile. b. Harbors helicobacterpylori, a member of the host microbiota. c. Possesses defensive cells. d. Has an acid ph.
Last Answer : d. Has an acid ph.
Description : Which of the following statement(s) concerning the gut microflora is/are correct? a. Gut microflora evolves constantly throughout development b. The gut microflora can contribute to the physical and ... the colon, anaerobic organisms outnumber aerobic organisms in a ratio in excess of 100:1
Last Answer : Answer: b, d The composition of the gut microflora is established in neonates after ingestion of microbes that are acquired during contamination from the birth canal and during initial feeding, and ... small number of aerobes are present, these microbes being outnumbered 100-300 to 1 by anaerobes
Description : Which microorganisms are involved in the pickling process in food production?
Last Answer : In the pickling process, microorganisms grow and ferment the food in a salty environment while producing large amounts of acid from available carbohydrates. Species of Leuconostoc and Lactobacillus are ... . Different spices are added to prepare various forms of sauerkraut and pickled cucumbers.
Description : How do microorganisms influence the carbon cycle on Earth?
Last Answer : Most of the organic matter present in soil originates in plant material from leaves, rotting trees, decaying roots, and other tissues. In the carbon cycle, soil bacteria and fungi recycle ... suffer an irreversible decline as the nutrients essential for life became tied up in complex molecules.
Description : Are there any unique ways that humans derive benefits from microorganisms?
Last Answer : Humans derive substantial benefits from the activities of microorganisms. For example, many microbial species live in and on various parts of the body and prevent pathogenic bacteria from gaining a ... and used to produce vitamins, enzymes, organic acids, and other essential growth factors.
Description : When the Exxon Valdez oil spill occurred, technologists "fertilized" the oil-soaked water with _____ to modify the environment and stimulate he growth of naturally occurring microorganisms. a. nitrogen sources (e.g., urea) b. phosphorus compounds c. other mineral nutrients d. A-C above are correct
Last Answer : d. A-C above are correct
Description : Food must be moist, with a minimum water content of _____before contamination by microorganisms and spoilage can occur. a. 18% to 20% b. 10 to 15% c. 5 to 10% d. 0 to 5%
Last Answer : a. 18% to 20%
Description : Spoiled food can be caused from _____. a. enterotoxins in food b. contaminating microorganisms from the air c. human food handling d. A-C are correct
Last Answer : d. A-C are correct
Description : ____ is examples of drugs that are derived from the metabolism of microorganisms. a. Salvarsan b. Prontosil c. Penicillin d. A-C are correct
Last Answer : c. Penicillin
Description : All the following characteristics apply to fungi except: a. There may be 1.5 million species. b. They lack chlorophyll. c. They include molds and yeasts. d. They are prokaryotic microorganisms.
Last Answer : d. They are prokaryotic microorganisms.
Description : Craig Venter‘s sampling of ocean microorganisms is an example of a. Microarrays. b. Horizontal Gene Transfer. c. Microbial Forensics. d. Metagenomics.
Last Answer : d. Metagenomics.
Description : Microorganisms that use organic compounds as energy and carbon sources are a. Chemoheterotrophs. b. Chemoautotrophs. c. Photoautotrophs. d. Photoheterotrophs.
Last Answer : c. Photoautotrophs.
Description : When acetate is the sole source of carbon for some microorganisms, the cycle which is used, is called A.pentose phosphate pathway B.glycolyic pathway C.glyoxylate pathway D.oxaloacetate pathway
Last Answer : C.glyoxylate pathway
Description : Complete destruction of the microorganisms is commonly known as A- disinfection B- sterilization C- antisepsis D- none of these
Last Answer : antisepsis
Description : The medium which allows the growth of more than one microorganisms of interest but with morphologically distinguishable colonies is known as A- selective medium B- enrichment medium C- differential medium D- none of these
Last Answer : differential medium
Description : Which of the following microorganisms is classified as a member of archaebacteria? A- Gyanobacteria B- Methanobacteria C-Trichomonads D- Mycoplasma
Last Answer : Methanobacteria
Description : Microbiology includes which of the following groups of microorganisms? a. bacteria b. fungi c. algae d. protozoa e. all the above
Last Answer : e. all the above
Description : First person to describe microorganisms A Carolus Linnaeus B Robert Hooke C Francesco Redi D Antony van Leeuwenhoek
Last Answer : B Robert Hooke
Description : Resistance to disease in the passageways of the respiratory and gastrointestinal tract is dependent on antibodies in the class _____. a. IgG b. IgA c. IgE d. IgM
Last Answer : b. IgA
Description : The most common nosocomial infection involves a. Blood. b. Lungs. c. Urinary Tract. d. A Surgical Site.
Last Answer : c. Urinary Tract.
Description : These viruses multiply first in the tonsils and then the lymphoid tissues of the gastrointestinal tract. a. Rabies virus b. Rotavirus c. Polio virus d. Hepatitis A virus
Last Answer : c. Polio virus