Description : Which of the following descriptions would tell you all microbes are killed? a. Bacteriostatic b. Fungistatic c. Microbicidal d. Microbistatic
Last Answer : c. Microbicidal
Description : Which one of the following statements does NOT apply to antiseptics? a. They Are Used On Living Objects. b. They Usually Are Microbicidal. c. They Should Be Useful As Dilute Solutions. d. They Can Sanitize Objects.
Last Answer : d. They Can Sanitize Objects.
Description : Give the significance of sterilization using bactericidal solution, explain the method and name the bactericidal agents.
Last Answer : Significance: The lethal effect of bactericide increases with the rise of temperature. This method is used for sterilizing aqueous preparation, which is unstable at the higher temperature, hence moist heat ... minutes in boiling water. IP 1985 permitted the use of following bactericides
Description : Which of the following terms best fits the destruction of all living micobes, spores and viruses. a. Sanitization b. Sterilization c. Aseptic Technique d. Pasteurization
Last Answer : b. Sterilization
Description : For bactericidal activity,__________ has/have the ability to cause thymine dimer formation. a. X rays b. B ultraviolet light a. Gamma Rays b. Microwaves
Last Answer : b. B ultraviolet light
Description : Which of the following is bactericidal? A.Membrane filtration B.Ionizing radiation C.Freeze-drying D.Deep freezing
Last Answer : B.Ionizing radiation
Last Answer : onizing radiation
Description : The antibacterial action of aminoglycoside antibiotics is characterized by: A. Concentration dependent rate of bacterial cell killing B. Concentration dependent prolonged postantibiotic effect C. More pronounced bactericidal effect in anaerobic medium D. Both 'A' and 'B' are correct
Last Answer : D. Both 'A' and 'B' are correct
Description : The elimination of pathogens in foods by irradiation is called a. The D Value. b. The Pasteurizing Dose. c. Incineration. d. Sterilization.
Last Answer : b. The Pasteurizing Dose.
Description : What surgical practice was established by Lister? a. antisepsis b. chemotherapy c. variolation d. sterilization
Last Answer : a. antisepsis
Description : Suitable method of sterilization of powders is - - - - - - - - A Autoclaving B Hot Air Oven C UV radiation D Gaseous
Last Answer : B Hot Air Oven
Description : Microorganism used as biological indicator for sterilization by ionizing radiations A Bacillus subtilis B Bacillus pumilus C Salmonella typhi D Serratia marcescens
Last Answer : B Bacillus pumilus
Description : Sterilization potency of which of the following method is highest? A Filtration B Hot Air oven C Ultra sound waves D Autoclaving
Last Answer : D Autoclaving
Description : What is the recommended time and pressure for sterilization of media using an Autoclave A 15 min 10 lbs B 60 min 5 lbs C 15 min 15 lbs D 15 min 20 lbs
Last Answer : C 15 min 15 lbs
Description : Browne’s tubes are the most commonly used indicator for _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ A Heat sterilization B Radiation sterilization C Gaseous sterilization D Filtration sterilization
Last Answer : A Heat sterilization
Description : Why is microbial control necessary and what are some of the factors that go into the choice of a particular antimicrobial agent?
Last Answer : The control of microorganisms is an important way of preventing pathogens from reaching the body.Sterilizing laboratory equipment, hospital supplies, and industrial apparatus helps contain contamination.The choice of a ... , the acidity or alkalinity of the area, and the presence of organic matter.
Description : One indirect way to determine microbial growth is using a _____. a. UV light b. Spectrophotometer c. Light meter d. Radioactive counter
Last Answer : b. Spectrophotometer
Description : ______ form the bulk of microbial products of industrial interest. a. primary metabolites b. secondary metabolites c. tertiary metabolites d. quaternary metabolites
Last Answer : b. secondary metabolites
Description : Some scientists‘ estimate that in nature, _____ of all microbial activities occur in biofilms. a. 0.25 b. 0.33 c. 0.45 d. 0.6 e. 0.99
Last Answer : e. 0.99
Description : ________ bind to_________ on microbial invaders. a. Toll-like receptors; PAM Ps b. Mast cells; histamine c. Toll-like receptors; complement d. Macrophages; defensins
Last Answer : a. Toll-like receptors; PAM Ps
Description : ________ occurs if a microbial member of the normal microbiota should gain access to sterile tissue. a. Pathogenicity Islands b. Exogenous Infection c. Endogenous Infection d. Polymicrobial Disease
Last Answer : c. Endogenous Infection
Description : A new field of _________ has arisen from sequencing, analyzing and comparing microbial genomes. a. PCR b. DNA probes c. microbial genomics d. microarrays
Last Answer : c. microbial genomics
Description : Craig Venter‘s sampling of ocean microorganisms is an example of a. Microarrays. b. Horizontal Gene Transfer. c. Microbial Forensics. d. Metagenomics.
Last Answer : d. Metagenomics.
Description : What is the thermal death time? a. The Time Necessary To Kill Bacteria At A Specific Temperature b. The Temperature Necessary To Kill Microbes In A Specific Time c. The Average Amount Of Time To Kill Microbial Cells d. It Is The Same As The Thermal Death Point
Last Answer : a. The Time Necessary To Kill Bacteria At A Specific Temperature
Description : Preservation methods such as salting result in the microbial cells. a. Loss Of Salt From b. Gain Of Water Into c. Loss Of Water From d. Lysis Of
Last Answer : c. Loss Of Water From
Description : The thermal death time is a. The Time To Kill A Microbial Population At A Given Temperature. b. The Time To Kill A Microbial Population In Boiling Water. c. The Temperature To Kill All Pathogens. d. The Minimal Temperature Need To Kill A Microbial Population.
Last Answer : a. The Time To Kill A Microbial Population At A Given Temperature.
Description : Which one of the following macromolecules would NOT normally be used for microbial energy metabolism. a. DNA b. Proteins c. Carbohydrates d. Fats
Last Answer : b. Proteins
Description : Which of the following disease is not caused by microbial protein toxin? A.Botulism B.Diphtheria C.Shigella dysentery D.Tuberculosis
Last Answer : D.Tuberculosis
Description : The microbial ecosystem of soil includes A.biotic components of soil B.abiotic components of soil C.biotic and abiotic components of soil D.none of the above
Last Answer : C.biotic and abiotic components of soil
Description : Microbial rennet, which is used in cheese manufacture is produced by A- .Mucorspp B- Aspergillusspp C- Bacillus spp D- Saccharomyces spp
Last Answer : Aspergillusspp
Description : The flow of genetic material in microbial cells usually takes place from A- RNA through DNA to proteins B- proteins through RNA to DNA C- .DNA through RNA to proteins D- none of these
Last Answer : .DNA through RNA to proteins
Description : Which group of microbial agents is eukaryotic? a. Bacteria b. Viruses c. Archaea d. Algae
Last Answer : d. Algae
Description : What microbiological field was established by Winogradsky and Beijerinck? a. Virology b. Microbial ecology c. Bacteriology d. Mycology
Last Answer : b. Microbial ecology
Description : What group of microbial agent was identified from the work of Ivanowsky a Beijerinck? a. Viruses b. Fungi c. Protozoa d. Bacteria
Last Answer : a. Viruses
Description : All the following characteristics apply to fungi except: a. There may be 1.5 million species. b. They lack chlorophyll. c. They include molds and yeasts. d. They are prokaryotic microorganisms.
Last Answer : d. They are prokaryotic microorganisms.
Description : All the following apply to trachoma except: a. the disease occurs in the eyes. b. tetracycline is helpful in therapy. c. tiny, pale nodules form on the conjunctiva. d. the agent of the disease is Treponema pertenue.
Last Answer : d. the agent of the disease is Treponema pertenue.
Description : All the following statements apply to quats except: a. They React With Cell Membranes. b. They Are Positively Charged Molecules. c. They Are Types Of Soaps. d. They Can Be Used As Disinfectants.
Last Answer : c. They Are Types Of Soaps
Description : The following is true of vancomycin except: A. It is a bactericidal antibiotic active primarily against gram positive bacteria B. It acts by inhibiting bacterial protein synthesis C. It is an alternative to penicillin for enterococcal endocarditis D. It can cause deafness as a dose related toxicity
Last Answer : B. It acts by inhibiting bacterial protein synthesis
Description : The following is true of sulfonamides except: A. They are more likely to produce crystalluria in alkaline urine in which they are less soluble B. They are primarily metabolized by acetylation ... in the urinary tract D. Used alone, they have become therapeutically unreliable for serious infections
Last Answer : A. They are more likely to produce crystalluria in alkaline urine in which they are less soluble
Description : TH1 cells activate a. B cells. b. Killing of pathogens in macrophages. c. Cytotoxic T cells. d. Humoral immunity.
Last Answer : d. Humoral immunity
Description : Natural killer cells are involved in A- .tumour rejection B- .allograft rejection C- non-specific killing of virus transformed target cells D- all of these
Last Answer : all of these
Description : Which one of the following statements does NOT apply to dental plaque? a. It is an example of a biofilm. b. It is most noticeable on the molars. c. Its buildup on teeth can lead to gingivitis and periodontal disease. d. It is dominated by aerobic bacterial species.
Last Answer : d. It is dominated by aerobic bacterial species.
Description : Which one of the following statements does NOT apply to bacterial reproduction? a. A fission ring apparatus is present. b. Septum formation occurs. c. A spindle apparatus is used. d. Symmetrical cell division occurs.
Last Answer : c. A spindle apparatus is used.
Description : Which one of the following statements does NOT apply to Pilli? a. Pilli are made of protein. b. Pilli allow for attachment to surfaces. c. Pilli facilitate nutrient transport. d. Pilli contain adhesions.
Last Answer : c. Pilli facilitate nutrient transport.
Description : Answer: b, c, d Eosinophils constitute 1% to 3% of the leukocyte population of the bloodstream. They also reside in tissues and they exhibit phagocytic capabilities. They are less ... the cycle of events that result in recruitment and activation of inflammatory cells at sites of inflammation
Last Answer : Cellular injury from oxidants may be manifest by which of the following? a. Cell membrane lipid peroxidation b. DNA strand breaks c. Cytoskeletal disassembly d. ATP depletion
Description : Which of the following is not true of sulfonamides ? (a) They are primarily metabolized by acetylation (b) They are more likely to produce crystalluria in alkaline urine in which they are ... in the urinary tract (d) Used alone, they have become therapeutically unreliable for serious infections
Last Answer : Ans: B
Description : Which type of antimicrobial drug combination is most likely to exhibit antagonism ? (a) Bactericidal + Bactericidal (b) Bactericidal + Bacteriostatic for a highly sensitive organism (c) Bactericidal + Bacteriostatic for a marginally sensitive organism (d) Bacteriostatic + Bacteriostatic
Description : What is break point concentration of an antibiotic ? (a) Concentration at which the antibiotic lyses the bacteria (b) Concentration of the antibiotic which demarks between sensitive ... which overcomes bacterial resistance (d) Concentration at which a bacteriostatic antibiotic becomes bactericidal
Description : The most important reason for using a combination of chemotherapeutic agents in the treatment of tuberculosis is: A. To prevent development of resistance to the drugs B. To obtain bactericidal effect C. To broaden the spectrum of activity D. To reduce adverse effects of the drugs
Last Answer : A. To prevent development of resistance to the drugs