Lifted inference rules require finding substitutions that make different logical expressions looks

identical.

a) Existential Instantiation

b) Universal Instantiation

c) Unification

d) Modus Ponen

1 Answer

Answer :

c) Unification

Related questions

Description : Which process makes different logical expression looks identical? a) Lifting b) Unification c) Inference process d) None of the mentioned

Last Answer : b) Unification

Description : What are the two basic types of inferences? a) Reduction to propositional logic, Manipulate rules directly b) Reduction to propositional logic, Apply modus ponen c) Apply modus ponen, Manipulate rules directly

Last Answer : a) Reduction to propositional logic, Manipulate rules directly

Description : Which among the following could the Existential instantiation of ∃x Crown(x) ^ OnHead(x, Johnny)? a) Crown(John) ^ OnHead(John, Jonny) b) Crown(y) ^ OnHead(y, y, x) c) Crown(x) ^ OnHead(x, Jonny) d) None of the mentioned

Last Answer : a) Crown(John) ^ OnHead(John, Jonny)

Description : The corresponding Existential Instantiation rule: for the existential quantifier is slightly more complicated. For any sentence a, variable v, and constant symbol k that does not appear elsewhere in the knowledge base. a) True b) False

Last Answer : a) True

Description : What is the process of capturing the inference process as a single inference rule? a) Ponens b) Clauses c) Generalized Modus Ponens d) Variables

Last Answer : c) Generalized Modus Ponens

Description : From which rule does the modus ponens are derived? a) Inference rule b) Module rule c) Both Inference & Module rule d) None of the mentioned

Last Answer : a) Inference rule

Description : What among the following could the universal instantiation of ___________ For all x King(x) ^ Greedy(x) => Evil(x) a) King(John) ^ Greedy(John) => Evil(John) b) King(y) ^ Greedy(y) => Evil(y) c) King(Richard) ^ Greedy(Richard) => Evil(Richard) d) All of the mentioned

Last Answer : d) All of the mentioned

Description : The rule of Universal Instantiation (UI for short) says that we can infer any sentence obtained by substituting a ground term (a term without variables) for the variable. a) True b) False

Last Answer : a) True

Description : There exist only two types of quantifiers, Universal Quantification and Existential Quantification. a) True b) False

Last Answer : a) True

Description : Which are needed to compute the logical inference algorithm? a) Logical equivalence b) Validity c) Satisfiability d) All of the mentioned

Last Answer : d) All of the mentioned

Description : In default logic, which of the following inference rules of the form is allowed? a) (A : B) / C b) A / (B : C) c) A / B d) A / B : C

Last Answer : a) (A : B) / C

Description : In order to utilize generalized Modus Ponens, all sentences in the KB must be in the form of Horn sentences. a) True b) False

Last Answer : a) True

Description : Which are more suitable normal form to be used with definite clause? a) Positive literal b) Negative literal c) Generalized modus ponens d) Neutral literal

Last Answer : c) Generalized modus ponens

Description : Define Modus Ponen’s rule in Propositional logic?

Last Answer : The standard patterns of inference that can be applied to derive chains of conclusions that lead to the desired goal is said to be Modus Ponen’s rule. 

Description : How many functions are available in the unification and lifting process? a) 1 b) 2 c) 3 d) 4

Last Answer : d) 4

Description : Which is omitted in prolog unification algorithm? a) Variable check b) Occur check c) Proposition check d) Both Occur & Proposition check

Last Answer : b) Occur check

Description : Define Unification.

Last Answer : Lifted Inference rule require finding substitutions that make different logical expressions look identical (same). This is called Unification.

Description : What is viewed as problem of probabilistic inference? a) Speech recognition b) Speaking c) Hearing d) Utterance

Last Answer : a) Speech recognition

Description : Which of the following strategies would NOT be effective at improving your communication competence? a) Recognize the people, objects, and situations remain stable over time b) Recognize that each ... frame of perception is unique c) Be active in perceiving d) Distinguish facts from inference

Last Answer : a) Recognize the people, objects, and situations remain stable over time

Description : Which is true for Decision theory? a) Decision Theory = Probability theory + utility theory b) Decision Theory = Inference theory + utility theory c) Decision Theory = Uncertainty + utility theory d) Decision Theory = Probability theory + preference

Last Answer : c) Decision Theory = Uncertainty + utility theory

Description : Which makes the complexity of the entire algorithm quadratic in the size? a) Clause b) Inference c) Resolution d) Occur check

Last Answer : d) Occur check

Description : Which algorithm takes two sentences and returns a unifier? a) Inference b) Hill-climbing search c) Depth-first search d) Unify algorithm

Last Answer : d) Unify algorithm

Description : The basic inference mechanism in semantic network in which knowledge is represented as Frames is to follow the links between the nodes. a) True b) False

Last Answer : a) True

Description : The basic inference mechanism in semantic network is to follow the links between the nodes. a) True b) False

Last Answer : a) True

Description : There are primarily two modes for an inference engine: forward chaining and backward chaining. a) True b) False

Last Answer : a) True

Description : An inference algorithm that derives only entailed sentences is called sound or truth-preserving. a) True b) False

Last Answer : a) True

Description : A) Knowledge base (KB) is consists of set of statements. B) Inference is deriving a new sentence from the KB. Choose the correct option. a) A is true, B is true b) A is false, B is false c) A is true, B is false d) A is false, B is true

Last Answer : a) A is true, B is true

Description : Which closely resembles propositional definite clause? a) Resolution b) Inference c) Conjunction d) First-order definite clauses

Last Answer : d) First-order definite clauses

Description : Which condition is used to cease the growth of forward chaining? a) Atomic sentences b) Complex sentences c) No further inference d) All of the mentioned

Last Answer : c) No further inference

Description : Which can be converted to inferred equivalent CNF sentence? a) Every sentence of propositional logic b) Every sentence of inference c) Every sentence of first-order logic d) All of the mentioned

Last Answer : c) Every sentence of first-order logic

Description : Which is a refutation complete inference procedure for propositional logic? a) Clauses b) Variables c) Propositional resolution d) Proposition

Last Answer : c) Propositional resolution

Description : Which is also called single inference rule? a) Reference b) Resolution c) Reform d) None of the mentioned

Last Answer : b) Resolution

Description : Which of the following, is a component of an expert system? a) inference engine b) knowledge base c) user interface d) all of the mentioned

Last Answer : d) all of the mentioned

Description : Three main basic features involved in characterizing membership function are A. Intution, Inference, Rank Ordering B. Fuzzy Algorithm, Neural network, Genetic Algorithm C. Core, Support , Boundary D. Weighted Average, center of Sums, Median

Last Answer : C. Core, Support , Boundary

Description : Define a Complete inference procedure

Last Answer : An inference procedure is complete if it can derive all true conditions from a set of premises. 

Description : Define an inference procedure

Last Answer : An inference procedure reports whether or not a sentence is entiled by knowledge base provided a knowledge base and a sentence .An inference procedure i' can be described by the sentences that it can derive. If i ... base, we can write. KB --Alpha is derived from KB or i derives alpha from KB. 

Description : The more general task of coreference resolution also includes identifying so-called “bridging relationships” involving referring expressions. a) True b) False

Last Answer : a) True

Description : Symbols, symbolic expressions and computing with those is at the core of ______ A. LISP B. ELIZA C. PROLOG D. NLP

Last Answer : A. LISP A. LISP

Description : Logical constructions of the experiments in which the degree of uncertainty with which the inference (Result/confusion) on may be well defined.

Last Answer : Ans. Design of Experiments

Description : .Which one is used for compute the logical inference algorithm? a. Validity b.Satisfiability c. Logical equivalence d.All of these

Last Answer : d.All of these

Description : The shape of an enzyme and consequently its activity can be reversibly altered from moment to moment by (A) Heat (B) Amino acid substrate (C) Allosteric subunits (D) Sulfur substitutions

Last Answer : Answer : C

Description : Why does benzene undergo electrophilic substitution reactions easily and nucleophilic substitutions with difficulty?

Last Answer : Ans. Due to the presence of an electron cloud containing 6 pi electrons above and below the plane of the ring, benzene is a source of electrons. Consequently, it attracts ... . As a result, benzene undergoes electrophilic substitution reactions easily and nucleophilic substitution with difficulty.

Description : When will further expansion is unnecessary for planning graph? a) Identical b) Replicate c) Not identical d) None of the mentioned

Last Answer : a) Identical

Description : What will happen if two literals are identical? a) Remains the same b) Added as three c) Reduced to one d) None of the mentioned

Last Answer : c) Reduced to one

Description : Two literals are complementary if _____________ a) They are equal b) They are identical and of equal sign c) They are identical but of opposite sign d) They are unequal but of equal sign

Last Answer : c) They are identical but of opposite sign

Description : Which of the following is true for neural networks? (i) The training time depends on the size of the network. (ii) Neural networks can be simulated on a conventional computer. (iii) Artificial neurons are identical in ... b) (ii) is true c) (i) and (ii) are true d) None of the mentioned

Last Answer : c) (i) and (ii) are true

Description : Which is not a desirable property of a logical rule-based system? a) Locality b) Attachment

Last Answer : b) Attachment

Description : What is meant by quasi-logical form? a) Sits between syntactic and logical form b) Logical connectives c) All of the mentioned d) None of the mentioned

Last Answer : a) Sits between syntactic and logical form

Description : What can’t be done in the semantic interpretation? a) Logical term b) Complete logical sentence c) Both Logical term & Complete logical sentence d) None of the mentioned

Last Answer : c) Both Logical term & Complete logical sentence

Description : What will backward chaining algorithm will return? a) Additional statements b) Substitutes matching the query c) Logical statement d) All of the mentioned

Last Answer : b) Substitutes matching the query